Risk factors for stage IV breast cancer at the time of presentation in Turkey

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dc.authorid0000-0002-6839-2632
dc.contributor.authorÜyetürk, Ümmügül
dc.contributor.authorTatlı, Ali Murat
dc.contributor.authorGücük, Sebahat
dc.contributor.authorÖksüzoğlu, Berna
dc.contributor.authorUlaş, Arife
dc.contributor.authorAkdağ, Fatma
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-23T19:34:55Z
dc.date.available2021-06-23T19:34:55Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.departmentBAİBÜ, Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: Breast cancer (BC) is the one of the most common cancers in women. It is also a leading cause of death. Unfortunately, some patients initially present with distant metastases and are diagnosed with stage IV disease that is nearly always, by then, incurable. This retrospective analysis investigated the risk factors for stage IV BC that may underlie such late presentation. Materials and Methods: In all, 916 patients with BC who visited the medical oncology polyclinic of eight different centres in Turkeybetween December 2011 and January 2013 were analysed. Results: A total of 115 patients (12.6%) presented with stage IV disease. In univariate analysis; to comparing these with patients at other stages, no statistical difference was found for median diagnosis age or age at menarche (p=0.611 and p=0.820), whereas age at menopause and age at first live birth were significant (p=0.018 and p=0.003). No difference was detected in terms of accompanying diseases, use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, smoking, alcohol consumption and the rate of family history of BC between the patients (p=0.655, p=0.389, p=0.762, p=0.813, p=0.229, p=0.737). However, screening methods were employed less often, the rate of illiteracy was higher, and the rate of other cancers was higher in patients with stage IV BC (p=0.022, p=0.022, p=0.018). No statistical difference was observed between the patients in terms of tumour histopathology, and status of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor-2 receptor (p=0.389, p=0.326, p=0.949, p=0.326). Grade 3 tumours were more frequent in patients with stage IV disease (p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, risk factors for stage IV breast cancer at the time of presentation were found to be age at first live birth and educational level (p=0.003 and p=0.047). Conclusions: Efforts should be made to perform mammography scans, in particular, at regular intervals through national training programs for all women, particularly those with family histories of breast and other types of cancer, and to establish early diagnosis of BC long before it proceeds to stage IV. Additionally, women's education had better be upgraded. In order to make women aware of BC, national education-programmes must be organised.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.12.7445
dc.identifier.endpage7449en_US
dc.identifier.issn1513-7368
dc.identifier.issue12en_US
dc.identifier.pmid24460317en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84893417549en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage7445en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.12.7445
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12491/7659
dc.identifier.volume14en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000331528900069en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.institutionauthorÜyetürk, Ümmügül
dc.institutionauthorAkdağ, Fatma
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAsian Pacific Organization Cancer Preventionen_US
dc.relation.ispartofAsian Pacific Journal Of Cancer Preventionen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectStage IV Breast Canceren_US
dc.subjectRisk Factorsen_US
dc.subjectMammographyen_US
dc.subjectEducationen_US
dc.subjectTurkeyen_US
dc.titleRisk factors for stage IV breast cancer at the time of presentation in Turkeyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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