Clonus: Definition, mechanism, treatment

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.authorid0000-0002-6063-377_
dc.authorid0000-0003-2221-4731
dc.contributor.authorBoyraz, İsmail
dc.contributor.authorUysal, Hilmi
dc.contributor.authorKoç, Bunyamin
dc.contributor.authorSarman, Hakan
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-23T18:55:02Z
dc.date.available2021-06-23T18:55:02Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.departmentBAİBÜ, Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractClonus is involuntary and rhythmic muscle contractions caused by a permanent lesion in descending motor neurons. Clonus may be found at the ankle, patella, triceps surae, wrist, jaw, biceps brachii. In general, clonus may occur in any muscle with a frequency of 5-8 Hz and the average period of oscillations of the ankle clonus is approximately 160–200 ms. Plantar flexion (PF) comprises 45% of the period, dorsifleksion (DF) comprises 55% of the period. The first beat is always longer, with the time shortening in continuing beats and becoming stable in the 4th or 5th period. The exact mechanism of clonus remains unclear. Two different hypotheses have been asserted regarding the development of clonus. The most widely accepted explanation is that hyperactive stretch reflexes in clonus are caused by self-excitation. Another alternative explanation for clonus is central generator activity that arises as a consequence of appropriate peripheral events and produces rhythmic stimulation of the lower motor neurons. The durations of clonus burst were found longer than the durations of Soleus medium-latency reflex (MLR). There is a similarity in their nature, although the speed and cause of the stretch of triceps surae differ in the MLR and the clonus, and there is a sufficient period of time for group II afferents and for other spinal mechanisms to be involved in the clonus, together with Ia afferents. Clonus can be treated by using baclofen, applying cold, botox or phenol injections. © 2015 Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.identifier.endpage26en_US
dc.identifier.issn1840-0132
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.pmid25669332en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84957893648en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ4en_US
dc.identifier.startpage19en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12491/4659
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84957893648&partnerID=40&md5=dea8db4b23be917192bc2a338c5a9323
dc.identifier.volume12en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.institutionauthorBoyraz, İsmail
dc.institutionauthorSarman, Hakan
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMedical Association of Zenica-Doboj Cantonen_US
dc.relation.ispartofMedicinski Glasniken_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryDiğeren_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectBotulinum toxinen_US
dc.subjectGait disorderen_US
dc.subjectSpasticityen_US
dc.subjectUpper motor disorderen_US
dc.titleClonus: Definition, mechanism, treatmenten_US
dc.typeReview Articleen_US

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Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü Koleksiyonu
PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu