Handheld two-stroke engines as an important source of personal VOC exposure for olive farm workers

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dc.authorid0000-0003-3870-8779en_US
dc.authorid0000-0001-6508-6042en_US
dc.authorid0000-0001-8432-056Xen_US
dc.authorid0000-0003-3182-9340en_US
dc.contributor.authorArı, Akif
dc.contributor.authorArı, Pelin Ertürk
dc.contributor.authorİlhan, Soner Özenç
dc.contributor.authorGaga, Eftade O.
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-01T05:49:25Z
dc.date.available2023-09-01T05:49:25Z
dc.date.issued2022en_US
dc.departmentBAİBÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractPersonal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is mainly associated with indoor exposures; however, elevated short-term exposures may also occur during ambient activities. Handheld two-stroke gasoline-powered engines have widespread use in agriculture, but so far, no studies have been conducted on the potential health risks due to the inhalation of emitted VOCs. A one-week passive sampling has been conducted on olive farm workers during the harvesting season to monitor personal exposure levels to VOCs. The first group of workers was selected to represent the contribution of gasolinepowered shaker to daily personal VOC exposures, and one another group of workers was selected as the control, whose have not been using the device. Higher concentrations of 1-pentene, n-hexane, isopentane, n-pentene, and toluene were observed in personal samples collected from machine operators. Personal exposure concentrations of a total of 45 monitored VOCs varied between 29.2 +/- 10.7 and 3733.4 +3300.1 mu g m(-3) among 20 volunteer workers. Estimated carcinogenic risks were between the acceptable levels of 10(-4) and 10(-6) for all workers. All individual chronic HQs and HIs (as the sum of individual HQs) were below the benchmark value of 1 for regular workers in 3 different sampling sites, whereas HI values in both acute (short term) and chronic exposure scenarios were exceeded 1 for shaker machine operators. This represented potential noncarcinogenic health hazards for exposed shaker operators, along with elevated VOCs.en_US
dc.identifier.citationArı, A., Arı, P. E., İlhan, S. Ö., & Gaga, E. O. (2022). Handheld two-stroke engines as an important source of personal VOC exposure for olive farm workers. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(52), 78711-78725.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11356-022-21378-5
dc.identifier.endpage78725en_US
dc.identifier.issn0944-1344
dc.identifier.issn1614-7499
dc.identifier.issue52en_US
dc.identifier.pmid35699878en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85131827968en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage78711en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21378-5
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12491/11629
dc.identifier.volume29en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000810862400014en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.institutionauthorArı, Akif
dc.institutionauthorArı, Pelin Ertürk
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSPRINGER HEIDELBERGen_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science and Pollution Researchen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectPersonal VOC Exposureen_US
dc.subjectTwo-Stroke Enginesen_US
dc.subjectHealth Risk Assessmenten_US
dc.subjectAgricultural VOC Exposureen_US
dc.subjectOlive Farm Workersen_US
dc.titleHandheld two-stroke engines as an important source of personal VOC exposure for olive farm workersen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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