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Öğe High-pressure processing of traditional hardaliye drink: Effect on quality and shelf-life extension(MDPI, 2023) Atmaca, Bahar; Demiray, Merve; Evrendilek, Gülsün Akdemir; Bulut, Nurullah; Uzuner, SibelHardaliye, as one of the oldest and lesser known traditional beverages, is produced using red grape pomace from wine production. This drink production is achieved through lactic acid fermentation, with the addition of sour cherry leaves and mustard seeds-either heat-treated, grinded, or whole-in various concentrations. Hardaliye has a very short shelf life; thus, efforts have recently been made to process hardaliye with novel processing technologies in order to achieve shelf-life extension. Therefore, the high-hydrostatic-pressure (HHP) processing of hardaliye was performed to determine its impact on important properties, including in microbial inactivation and shelf-life extension, with respect to a Box-Behnken experimental design. Maximum log reductions of 5.38 & PLUSMN; 0.6, 5.10 & PLUSMN; 0.0, 5.05 & PLUSMN; 0.2, and 4.21 & PLUSMN; 0.0 with HHP were obtained for Brettanomyces bruxellensis, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Lactobacillus brevis, and total mold and yeast, respectively. The processing parameters of 490 MPa and 29 & DEG;C for 15 min were found as the optimal conditions, with the response variables of an optical density at 520 nm and the inactivation of L. brevis. The samples processed at the optimal conditions were stored at both 4 and 22 & DEG;C for 228 d. While the non-treated control samples at 4 and 22 & DEG;C were spoiled at 15 and 3 d, the HHP-treated samples were spoiled after 228 and 108 d at 4 and 22 & DEG;C, respectively.Öğe Development of pulsed electric fields treatment unit to treat wheat grains: Improvement of seed vigour and stress tolerance(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Evrendilek, Gülsün Akdemir ; Atmaca, Bahar; Bulut, Nurullah; Uzuner, SibelPulsed electric field (PEF) treatment may pose a potential to be an alternative to chemical use for seed surface disinfection and seed vigour improvement. In order to test effectiveness of PEF treatment, a new pilot-scale PEF treatment unit was designed and used to treat wheat grains with the energy range of 1.07–17.28 J. Compared to the control samples, all PEF treatments significantly increased germination and seedling rates by 10 and 28%, respectively. Electrical conductivity was significantly affected by the delayed measurement time rather than PEF treatment. PEF-treated seed samples had significantly higher tolerance to cold and salt stresses. Endogenous microflora of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria and total mold and yeast were significantly reduced by the applied energy. Salt stress on day 8 (100 mM NaCI) exhibited the highest predictive power of 98.43% in modellıng studies. The multi-objective optimization of the 19 responses pointed to 161.8 Hz, 6.1 J, and 19.5 s as the optimal settings (D = 0.52). It was concluded that PEF processing of the wheat seeds improved vigor, promote cold and salt stress tolerance, and inactivated surface microflora. © 2021Öğe Latest developments and characterisation results of DMAPS in TowerJazz 180nm for High Luminosity LHC(Institute of Physics, 2022) De Acedo, L. Flores Sanz; Allport, P.; Tortajada, I. Asensi; Bortoletto, D.; Buttar, C.; Cardella, R.; Oyulmaz, Kaan YükselThe last couple of years have seen the development of Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) fabricated in TowerJazz 180nm with a process modification to increase the radiation tolerance. While many of MAPS developments focus on low radiation environment, we have taken the development to high radiation environment like pp-experiments at High Luminosity LHC. DMAPS are a cost effective and lightweight alternative to state-of-the-art hybrid detectors if they can fulfil the given requirements for radiation hardness, signal response time and hit rate capability. The MALTA and Mini-MALTA sensors have shown excellent detection efficiency after irradiation to the life time dose expected at the outer layers of the ATLAS pixel tracker Upgrade. Our development focuses on providing large pixel matrixes with excellent time resolution (<2ns) and tracking. This publication will discuss characterisation results of the DMAPS devices with special focus on the new MALTA2 sensor and will show the path of future developments © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Öğe Latest developments and characterisation results of the MALTA sensors in TowerJazz 180nm for the High Luminosity LHC(SISSA Medialab Srl, 2021) Sharma, Abhishek; Allport, Phil; Asensi, Ignacio; Berdalovic, Ivan; Bortoletto, Daniela; Oyulmaz, Kaan Yüksel; Suligoj, TomislavThe MALTA sensors are Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) made using 180nm TowerJazz CMOS technology. These have been iteratively designed towards achieving a high radiation tolerance for applications such as in the outer layers of the HL-LHC's ATLAS Inner Tracker. To date several design enhancements have been implemented to attain a high time resolution (<2ns), granularity as well as achieving excellent charge collection efficiency uniformly across the pixel geometries. This technology promises to drastically cut the production cost of silicon sensors due to their monolithic design, bypassing the costly stage of bump bonding in hybrid sensors. This talk will provide a detailed overview of the comprehensive characterisation studies conducted on the MALTA and Mini-MALTA sensors as well as present newer functionalities being introduced in the latest iteration, the MALTA2. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Öğe SPICE modeling of RADFETs with different gate oxide thicknesses(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Marjanovic, M.; Gürer, Umutcan; Mitrovic, N.; Yılmaz, Ozan; Dankovic, D.; Budak, Erhan; Yılmaz, ErcanThis paper will present guidelines for creating a SPICE model of RADFETs with different gate oxide thicknesses. Model parameters, such as threshold voltage and carrier mobility, were extracted from the transfer characteristics in the saturation region. The model was satisfactorily used to simulate RADFETs with oxide thicknesses ranging from 40 nm to 300 nm. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe Detection of Alzheimer's disease from EEG signals using explainable artificial intelligence analysis(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Arabacı, Bahadır; Öcal, Hakan; Polat, KemalIn this study, the evaluation of classification models with frequency and chaotic features was aimed for the classification of healthy individuals and Alzheimer's patients using EEG signals. Morlet wavelet transform was employed for calculating EEG features to determine the characteristics in the frequency domain. Additionally, Lyapunov exponents were utilized for the analysis of chaotic features, and significant EEG channels were identified from the obtained results of the wavelet transform. Using permutation importance, the impact of each feature on the performance of the classification model was assessed. In this evaluation, the Random Forest model stood out in overall performance, showing the highest accuracy (0.7614), precision (0.7546), and F1 score (0.793) compared to other models. Furthermore, the Naive Bayes model achieved the highest sensitivity (0.8662) in detecting positive instances. © 2024 IEEE.Öğe Radiation hard monolithic CMOS sensors with small electrodes for HL-LHC and beyond(Sissa Medialab Srl, 2021) Sanchez, C. Solans; Allport, Phil; Tortajada, Ignacio Asensi; Bortoletto, Daniela; Buttar, Craig; Denizli, Haluk; Oyulmaz, Kaan YükselThe upgrade of tracking detectors for experiments at the HL-LHC and future colliders requires the development of novel radiation hard silicon sensors. We target the replacement of hybrid pixel detectors with Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) that are radiation hard monolithic CMOS sensors. We designed, manufactured and tested DMAPS in the TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS imaging technology with small electrodes pixel designs, that have a pixel pitch well below the current hybrid pixel detectors, and less multiple scattering due to a reduced total silicon thickness. In this document we present the recent results from these sensors manufactured on Czochralski silicon substrates in terms of cluster size, impact on tracking and time resolution from measurements carried out at beam tests on irradiated samples at 1e15 1 MeV neq/cm2,. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).Öğe Investigation of annealing temperature and gamma irradiation on HfO2/Dy2O3/Al2O3/n-Si (100) memory capacitor(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Chirwa, Racheal; Mutale, Alex; Yılmaz, ErcanThe effect of annealing temperature and gamma irradiation on Al/HfO2/Dy2O3/Al2O3/n-Si (100) tri-layer capacitors have been studied intensively. The HfO2/Dy2O3/Al2O3 were fabricated by using both RF magnetron sputtering and E-beam evaporation techniques, respectively. The samples were annealed at 300oC, 500oC,700oC, and 900oC in N2 ambient for 40min. The device annealed at 700oC had a large memory window of 8.22V under sweeping voltage ±12V compared to other annealed devices. This is attributed to the excellent charge storage capability of the device. Thereafter, this device was exposed to gamma irradiation at various doses of 4 Gy to 16 Gy. C-V and Gm/-V measurements were performed before and after irradiation at 1MHz. The C-V curves shifted toward the positive voltage side. This could be related to the oxide-trapped and interface-trapped charges generated during irradiation © 2023 IEEE.Öğe Comparison of the performances of selected EEG electrodes with optimization algorithms in P300 based speller systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Arıcan, Murat; Polat, KemalNowadays, the evoked potentials obtained from EEG signals are frequently used in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) in order to ensure that individuals with complete paralysis are communicated with the environment. However, EEG signals have a multi-channel structure due to the nature, and this situation increases the data size. Therefore, the working costs of BCIs are increasing. At this stage, reduce the number of electrodes is a solution to reduce the process speed and load in BCI systems. Different techniques are used for this purpose. Some of these are the optimization methods produced by the movement of living beings in nature. In this study, the effects of reduced channels by using Bee Algorithm (BA), Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), Genetic Algorithm (GA) used in P300 hyphenation systems to reduce the number of electrodes were investigated. As a result of the study, between the accuracy rates obtained with 64 channels and the accuracy rates obtained with channel selecting, (the LS-SVM classifier for User B by B-BA) is seen an about 20% increase. Optimization algorithms are a suitable method to reduce the cost of system operation. © 2019 IEEE.Öğe Molecular phylogeny of plant pathogenic fungi based on start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism(Springer, 2023) Palacıoğlu, Gülsüm; Alkan, Mehtap; Derviş, Sibel; Bayraktar, Harun; Özer, GökselBackgroundA number of molecular marker systems have been developed to assess genetic diversity, carry out phylogenetic analysis, and diagnose and discriminate plant pathogenic fungi. The start codon targeted (SCoT) markers system is a novel approach used here to investigate intra and interspecific polymorphisms of phytopathogenic fungi.Materials and methodsThis study assessed genetic variability between and within 96 isolates of ten fungal species associated with a variety of plant species using 36 SCoT primers.ResultsThe six primers generated 331 distinct and reproducible banding patterns, of which 322 were polymorphic (97.28%), resulting in 53.67 polymorphic bands per primer. All primers produced informative amplification profiles that distinguished all fungal species. With a resolving power of 10.65, SCoT primer 12 showed the highest polymorphism among species, followed by primer 33 and primer 29. Polymorphic loci (PPL), Nei's diversity index (h), and Shannon index (I) percentages were 6.25, 0.018, and 0.028, respectively. UPGMA analysis separated all isolates based on morphological classification and revealed significant genetic variation among fungal isolates at the intraspecific level. PCoA analysis strongly supported fungal species discrimination and genetic variation. The other parameters of evaluation proved that SCoT markers are at least as effective as other DNA markers.ConclusionsSCoT markers were effective in identifying plant pathogenic fungi and were a powerful tool for estimating genetic variation and population structure of different fungi species.Öğe Graph-based algorithm for the understanding of failures in the ATLAS infrastructure(IOP Publishing, 2023) Uribe, Gustavo A.; Tortajada, Ignacio Asensi; Sanchez, Carlos Solans; Rummler, Andre; Oyulmaz, Kaan Yüksel; Denizli, HalukThe ATLAS Technical Coordination Expert System is a knowledge-based application which describes and simulates the ATLAS experiment based on its components and their relationships with differing levels of granularity but with an emphasis on general infrastructure. It facilitates the sharing of knowledge and improves the communication among experts with different backgrounds and domains of expertise. The developed software has become essential for the planning of interventions as it gives easily insight into their consequences. Furthermore, it has also proven to be useful for exploring the most effective ways to improve the ATLAS operation and reliability by identifying points of failure with significant impact. The underlying database describes more than 13,000 elements with 89,000 relationships among them. It combines information from diverse domains such as detector control and safety systems, gas and water supplies, cooling, ventilation, cryogenics, and electricity distribution. As the most recent addition, a tool to identify the most probable cause of a failure state has been developed. This paper discusses the graph-based algorithm currently implemented by that tool and shows its behaviour based on the parameters entered by the user. An example in form of a real failure event is given which demonstrates the potential of the Expert System for understanding major failures faster in urgent situations.Öğe Prevalence of Nosemosis and Varroosis in honey bees in Sinop province(Kastamanu University, 2023) Yaman, Mustafa; Güvendik, Tuğba Sağlam; Ünal, SabriAbstract Aim of study: Sinop province has a potential to progress in beekeeping. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the presence and distribution of nosemosis and varroosis in honey bees in Sinop province. Area of study: 12 villages from 7 districts (Ayancık, Boyabat, Dikmen, Durağan, Erfelek, Gerze and Saraydüzü) in Sinop province were determined as study area. Material and methods: A total of 874 adult bee samples were dissected in Ringer’s solution and examined for nosemosis. A total of 1.640 adult bee samples were examined for varroosis. Main results: Nosemosis was the most common disease. Average of the nosemosis infection was 7.6%. On the other hand, varroosis was observed in the eight of 12 localities examined in Sinop province. Total infestation ranged from 0.6 to 8.2%. Highlights: Nosemosis and varroosis were observed in eight (66.7%) of the 12 examined localities in Sinop province. These data are considered as proof that honey production is negatively affected. This study also confirms that the beekeepers in the Sinop province should be informed in detail about the precautions to be taken in the monitoring and controlling varroosis and nosemosis.Öğe Action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome: A case report with bioinformatic annotations(Springernature, 2023) Ekmekçi, Hakan; Qutob, Omar; Babayev, Huseyn; Şahin, AliAction myoclonus-renal failure (AMRF) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by myoclonic epilepsy with occasional renal failure comorbidity. This study examines a consanguineous family with multiple members presenting myoclonic epilepsy. The disease's continued transmission within the family is attributable to a lack of genetic testing and the inability to establish a definitive diagnosis. Our objective is to guide physicians toward accurate diagnoses and reduce the disease's recurrence through appropriate genetic counseling. Various diagnostic approaches can contribute to identifying AMRF. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results and blood panels may not yield definitive diagnoses, electromyography (EMG) studies can serve as a robust diagnostic tool, leading to genetic confirmation. In line with standardized protocols, EMG findings consistent with AMRF present a polyneuropathy characterized by axonal degeneration and demyelinating features. These features manifest as decreased amplitude for axonal degeneration and decreased nerve conduction velocity (NCV) for demyelination. The presence of such EMG findings in a patient exhibiting both renal and central nervous system involvement may reinforce a preliminary diagnosis and warrant further genetic analysis.Öğe Perineal care incontinence training for caregivers: Randomised controlled trial(BMJ Publishing Group, 2023) Uzun, Lütfiye Nur; Tok, Hümeyra HançerObjectives The aim of this study was to implement training to increase the perineal care knowledge of relatives caring for incontinent palliative care patients and to examine the effectiveness of this training.Methods This study was designed as a pretest-post-test randomised controlled trial. The study included 84 relatives of patients with incontinence (experimental group, n=42; control group, n=42). The experimental group was given one-on-one face-to-face training on perineal care for patients with incontinence, while the control group was given training through a brochure. Data were collected using a personal information form and the Perineal Care Knowledge Test. The Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis.Results The difference between the pretest and post-test scores of the experimental group was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05), while the difference between the pretest and post-test scores of the control group was not significant (p>0.05). The post-test scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (p<0.05).Conclusions It was found that one-on-one face-to-face perineal care training was a more effective method for increasing the perineal care knowledge of patients' relatives than brochures.Öğe Properties of the uniaxial and biaxial nematic phases of the dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide/1-dodecanol/water lyotropic mixture including azo dye and drug molecules(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Akpınar, Erol; Tabak, Merve; Reis, Dennys; Neto, Antonio Martins FigueiredoLyotropic nematic phase properties of novel mixtures of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTMABr)/1-dodecanol (DDeOH)/water, doping with anionic azo dyes (amaranth and tartrazine) and a drug molecule disodium cromoglycate (cromolyn, DSCG), were investigated. The textures of the uniaxial and biaxial nematic phases were observed by polarizing optical microscopy (POM). Uniaxial-to-biaxial nematic phase transitions were determined from the temperature dependence of the birefringences via laser conoscopy. Partial phase diagrams of the mixtures were constructed as a function of concentrations of dyes and drug molecules by combining the POM and laser conoscopy results. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was performed to evaluate micellar structure parameters. The results indicate that those dyes and drug molecules have a greater effect on (a) the nematic-nematic phase transition temperatures, (b) the biaxial-nematic phase-domain range in the partial phase diagrams, and (c) micelle-shape anisotropy, comparing to the addition of other conventional inorganic electrolyte ions. Furthermore, dye and drug molecules may be sequenced in the Hofmeister series of ions, considering the number of ionic groups in their molecular structures and also the chaotropic and/or kosmotropic degrees of the ionic groups. Since these molecules may have a resonance structure (e.g. DSCG), as a result of the existence of the aromatic parts in their structures, this resonance structure should be considered to investigate their effects on the stabilization of the lyotropic nematic phases.Öğe A novel blight and root rot of chickpea: A new host for Neoscytalidium dimidiatum(Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Güney, İnci Güler; Bozoğlu, Tuğba; Özer, Göksel; Derviş, SibelIn the southeastern province of Mardin in Turkey, a severe and novel fungal infection affected all chickpea plant parts, resulting in blight symptoms on stem, petiole, branch, and leaf, defoliation, seed and root rot, and death. Neoscytalidium dimidiatum was identified as the agent responsible for this new blight and root rot using sequence analysis of the ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci as well as morphological data. The pathogen was found in all surveyed districts and fields, with varying incidences of blight and root rot, blight being nearly twice (40%) as common as root rot (21%), and root-rotted and blighted plants co-occurring in the majority of instances. All 92 N. dimidiatum isolates from various tissues induced necrotic lesions on the inoculated plants, indicating they were pathogenic for chickpea. Conidia exhibited germination across a temperature range, with increasing temperatures positively influencing germination rates, and mycelial growth was significantly influenced by temperature, with the optimal growth temperature observed to be 35 degrees C. The response of 25 Turkish chickpea cultivars and three other genotypes when subjected to inoculation with Ciar 12 and Ciar 78 isolates, representative of phylogenetic clusters, was evaluated based on the severity of blight and root rot. The majority of cultivars and genotypes displayed high susceptibility and suffered mortality when exposed to either soil or spray inoculation with each isolate. Among the assessed cultivars and genotypes, cagatay had the lowest severity of root rot. This study is the first to report a natural infection of chickpea plants by N. dimidiatum. Under global warming, this may be detrimental to chickpea cultivation and habitat in southeastern Turkey, which is the origin of chickpeas.Öğe Evaluation of the effect of COVID-19 on static balance in healthy young individuals(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2023) Şenol, Gamze Taşkın; Kürtül, İbrahim; Ray, Abdullah; Ahmetoğlu, GülçinAim: It is known that COVID-19 infection has various physiological effects. And, it also has negative effects on the balance. This study focused on evaluating the static balance of healthy individuals who either had or did not have a history of COVID-19.Material and Methods: The study included 30 individuals who were previously diagnosed with COVID-19 infection (positive PCR test), who recovered later on, and 30 individuals as a control group. After the dominant foot of both groups was determined, the flamingo balance test was used to evaluate static balance, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) was applied to the group that had a COVID-19 infection history.Results: A significant difference was found between dominant foot balance and non-dominant foot balance in individuals who had COVID-19 and in the control group.Discussion: The severity of recent cases of COVID-19 disease that affect the balance system has risen significantly. This study showed that individuals with COVID-19 have problems with static balance compared to those without COVID-19. In our estimation, post-recovery rehabilitation programs for people who have had COVID-19 should include balancing exercises.Öğe The relationship between attitudes toward technology and openness to innovation of academicians teaching music remotely(Hacettepe University, 2023) Çocar, Ebru; Kahraman, Ekin ÇoraklıThe present study aimed to determine whether there is a correlation between the attitudes of music academicians who teach music remotely toward technology and their level of openness to innovation, and to examine if these attitudes and levels vary according to certain variables. The study sample was composed of a total of 74 music academicians working in the faculties of education, conservatories, and faculties of fine arts of universities in various regions in Turkey in the academic year of 2020-2021. Using relational screening model, the present study compiled data through the 'Attitudes toward Technology Scale by Akbaba Altun (2003), and the Characteristics of Innovative Teachers Scale of Kocasarac (2018). Pearson Correlation Analysis was employed to determine the relationship between academicians' attitudes toward technology and their levels of openness to innovation, and these attitudes and levels were analysed according to certain variables through t -test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and ANOVA test methodologies. The findings indicated a high positive correlation between the attitudes toward technology and levels of openness to innovation of academics teaching music remotely. In addition, it was found that academicians' levels of openness to innovation and attitudes toward technology did not significantly differ according to gender, level of education, and their fields of expertise.Öğe Stable measurement system for platinum resistance temperature detector(Maik Nauka/Interperiodica/Springer, 2023) Altınkaya, Serdar; Bayrak, Alper; Daldal, Nihat; Özdil, Osman Eren-Stable and precise temperature measurement is crucial for thermodynamic applications. The stability and precision of the measurement depend on the sensor type and measurement method. In industrial applications, platinum resistance temperature detectors (RTD) are widely preferred. In this study, stable and precise temperature measurement methods by using the Platinum RTD PT1000 sensor are investigated. Measurement methods are considered as measurement circuits and digital filter applications, separately. Experimental studies were evaluated on a household-type oven and comparative results are presented.Öğe Optimization and characterization of biodegradable films from chicken gelatin crosslinked with oxidized phenolic compounds(Elsevier, 2024) Erge, Aydın; Güler, Büşra Zeynep; Eren, ÖmerChicken gelatin derived from poultry by-product was combined with caffeic acid (CA), rutin (RUT) and glycerol (GLY) to obtain biodegradable films. Optimum cross-linking conditions were investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that cross-linking led to lower L* value and higher b*, and the higher opacity values in the films. Water solubility (WS) decreased up to 50% after the incorporation of 1.25% CA compared to the commercial gelatin (cattle and pig based) films. Crosslinking improved the thermal stability and the tensile strength (TS) of films. Optimized cross-linking combination was determined as 0.96-1.56% CA, 0-1.25% RUT, and 29.5-30.5% GLY. Overall, this study demonstrated that crosslinking by CA and RUT can be used to improve the physical and barrier properties of gelatin films having excellent potential for the development of biodegradable films for packaging uses. These films may also result in an improvement and added value in poultry by-products.
