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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12491/68

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Oxidative stress and peri-implantitis: The role of oxidants and antioxidants
(Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 2023) Yaman, Deniz; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Avcı, Emre
Background: Peri-implantitis is the main cause of implant failure and is associated with augmented oxidative stress or tissue destruction. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the oxidant-antioxidant balance parameters in individuals with periimplantitis, considering the clinical findings and the control group.Methods: Peri-implantitis (n = 30) and healthy (n = 30) individuals participated in the study. Peri-implant clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), and keratinized mucosa width (KMW), were recorded. The levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and arylesterase (ARE) in saliva were examined. To identify the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and clinical parameters was used Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: TOC values were higher in peri-implantitis, and they correlated with BoP, GI, PD, and PI (P= 0.004, r= 0.370; P= 0.010, r= 0.328; P= 0.038, r= 0.268; P= 0.007, r = 0.342, respectively). TAC values were higher in healthy and correlated with PI, BoP, and GI (P= 0.021, r =-0.297; P= 0.035, r =-0.273; P= 0.012, r =-0.321, respectively). OSI showed a negative correlation with the KMW (mm) (P= 0.046, r =-0.259).Conclusion: Increased TOC and decreased TAC and ARE activity could be predictors of peri-implantitis development. Adequate KMW is important in the production of antioxidants.
Evaluation of residual root canal sealer removal efficacy of different irrigation activation techniques by confocal laser microscopy analysis
(Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2023) Aydın, Zeliha Uğur; Altunbaş, Demet; Akdere, Sevim Koşumcu; Meşeci, Büşra; Çankaya, Tülin Doğan
Objective: The purpose of this study was to use confocal laser microscopy analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional needle irrigation (CNI), EndoActivator (EA), and EDDY during endodontic retreatment. Methods: This study included 45 maxillary incisor teeth with a single root and canal. Root canals were prepared with ProTaper Universal files (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and obturated with labeled sealer mixed with 0.1% Rhodamine B and gutta percha according to single cone techniques. Initial root canal filling material was removed using ProTaper Universal Retreatment files and F4 files. Teeth randomly were divided into 3 groups (n = 15) depending on the activation technique: CNI, EA (Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK), and EDDY (VDW, Munich, Germany). Confocal laser microscopy was used to evaluate the penetration area, depth, and percentage of the residual sealer in the apical, middle, and coronal sections after irrigation activation. Results: In all sections, the EDDY group had a lower penetration area of residual sealer than the CNI group (P< .05). In comparison to the coronal section, the penetration percentage of the CNI and EA groups was lower in the apical section (P< .05). In the CNI group, the penetration depth was higher at the coronal section than at the apical and middle sections (P< .05), and it was higher at the coronal section than at the apical section. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, none of the activation systems tested could completely remove the residual sealer. However, the lowest residual sealer was seen after using EA and EDDY.
Evaluation of bacterial colonization and clinical properties of different suture materials in dentoalveoler surgery
(W B Saunders Co-Elseiver Inc, 2022) Yaman, Deniz; Paksoy, Tuğçe; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Demirci, Mehmet
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of 10 different suture materials commonly used in dentoalveolar surgery on wound healing, their postoperative microbial colonization, and related clinical parameters. Methods: A total of 172 suture samples from patients who had undergone extraction of impacted third molars were included in the study. The suture materials studied were poly-glycolide-colactide, fast absorbable poly-glycolide-colactide, poly-glycolic acid-cocaprolactone, polydioxanone, silk, polypropylene, polyvinylidene difluoride, polyamide, polyester, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The microbial colonization in all sutures and clinical parameters were evaluated after 1 week. Results: Multifilament sutures had higher bacterial colonization compared with monofilament sutures (P < .001). No dental plaque accumulation was observed in any samples of polypropylene sutures. Polydioxanone, PTFE, and poly-glycolic acid-cocaprolactone sutures exhibited less postoperative slack compared with all other sutures after 1 week. Patients with silk, polyvinylidene difluoride, and PTFE sutures had less suture-related discomfort. According to the Landry index score, monofilament sutures demonstrated superior wound healing to multifilament sutures (P = .019). In addition, nonabsorbable sutures showed significantly better wound epithelization than absorbable sutures (P < .001). Conclusions: Bacterial colonization and tissue reactions due to the surface properties of the suture affected the wound healing after dentoalveolar surgery. Multifilament sutures should not be applied for prolonged periods because of their tendency for microbial colonization. The tissue reaction to the absorbable suture materials may adversely affect wound healing. (C) 2021 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.
Bilateral temporomandibular joint dislocation following arthrocentesis plus hyaluronic acid injection
(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2022) Memiş, Sadi; Can, Mert
Arthrocentesis plus intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injection for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders is known to be a safe and minimally invasive surgical procedure. Arthrocentesis plus HA injection has a pain-reducing effect on TMJ disorders. It is also a palliative treatment that yields positive results in terms of clinical findings such as clicking and mouth opening. Even though some complications have been reported after the performance of this highly successful procedure, the development of bilateral TMJ dislocation after arthrocentesis plus intra-articular HA injection has not been reported to date. This case report presents bilateral TMJ dislocation following arthrocentesis plus intra-articular HA injection that developed within a few hours and resisted manual Hippocrates manoeuvre in a 21-year male. Herein, his treatment with systemic corticosteroid therapy, myorelaxant and anti-inflammatory drugs is also presented.
The link between total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, arylesterase activity, and subgingival microbiota in psoriasis patients
(Wiley, 2022) Paksoy, Tuğçe; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Yaman, Deniz; Arıöz, Özkan; Demirci, Mehmet; Polat, Mualla
Background Studies focusing on the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases have suggested a possible association between these two chronic and inflammatory disorders. We aimed to comparatively investigate the salivary oxidative status, biomarker levels, clinical findings, and the microbial load on subgingival biofilm samples in psoriasis patients and controls. Methods Forty participants were allocated into four groups as follows: (1) systemically and periodontally healthy (C group); (2) systemically healthy with periodontitis (P group); (3) psoriasis (Ps) and periodontally healthy (Ps-C group); and (4) Ps with periodontitis (Ps-P group). Subgingival biofilm samples were obtained to detect the periodontopathogenic agents by Real-time PCR (qPCR). The total antioxidant status (TAS) (mmol/l), total oxidant status (TOS) (mu mol/l), and arylesterase (ARE) activity (U/L) were analyzed using saliva samples. Results The level of TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) were significantly higher in patients with Ps-P and P compared to controls (P = 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). ARE levels were higher in controls compared to Ps and P (P < 0.001). The prevalences of bacteria detected in subgingival biofilm samples were similar between all groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions This study reported that psoriasis may amplify TOS and OSI, and the co-existence of psoriasis and periodontitis may aggravate oxidative stress.
The effects of Biofreeze and superficial heat on masticatory myofascial pain syndrome
(Istanbul Univ Press, Istanbul Uiıv Rectorate, 2021) Yaman, Deniz; Alpaslan, Cansu; Kalaycıoğlu, Oya
Purpose This study aims to assess the influence of superficial heat and Biofreeze on pain, mouth opening (mm), and quality of life in patients with masticatory myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). Materials and Methods 52 patients with MPS were included in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the Biofreeze group (n = 26) applied 3.5% menthol gel to the masseter and temporal muscles twice a day for seven days, while the other group applied superficial heat. Baseline, 7th, and 21st days of VAS, mouth opening (mm), and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scores of the patients were evaluated statistically. Results The mouth opening increased by 4.27 +/- 3.80 mm in the Biofreeze group and 2.58 +/- 2.16 mm in the superficial heat group. In each group, a significant decrease in VAS and OHIP-14 scores was observed on the 7th day compared to the baseline values (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two applications on myofascial pain, mouth opening (mm), and OHIP-14 total score variables. The favorable effects of both applications on these parameters were limited to the duration of use. Conclusion Biofreeze and superficial heat in MPS were found to increase the quality of life, but the limited effectiveness of these applications underlines the importance of the underlying factors.
Multiple dens invaginatus in Wilson's disease: A case report
(WILEY, 2021) Memiş, Sadi; Baş, Zübeyir
Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease that affects copper metabolism. Anomalies can be seen in the dento-maxillofacial structures of WD patients. Dens invaginatus (DI) is an uncommon tooth anomaly, and its incidence in decidious and permanent molars is even lower. This case report primarily explored the multiple DI of a patient with WD. A 9-year-old boy was admitted to our clinic with complaints of pain and swelling in the right lower molar area. It was learnt that the patient was diagnosed with WD after he was born. Fistula, submandibular lymphadenopathy and diffuse swelling were detected. Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), multiple DIs were observed in bilateral bimaxillary four first molars and deciduous molars. When the patient's systemic condition was considered, extraction was planned under oral antibiotic therapy and was performed. During the 6-month follow-up, uneventful healing was observed.
Dental and temporomandibular joint alterations in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their association with salivary oxidative stress
(TUBITAK Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2021) Yaman, Deniz; Bulut, Duygu Göller; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Avcı, Emre; Taşçı, Murat
Background/aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most extensive inflammatory arthritis causing permanent deformities in the joint. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress is a substantial factor in the pathogenesis of RA. This study aimed to examine the salivary oxidant-antioxidant status of RA and control groups and to compare these biomarkers by correlating them with disease activity, acute phase reactants, and clinical findings. Materials and methods: Age and sex-matched 60 participants including 30 patients with RA and 30 control (50 females, 10 males; mean age: 42.62 +/- 10.89 years) were evaluated. RA disease activity and severity were evaluated by the disease activity score 28-C reactive protein (DAS 28-CRP). Rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity, anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positivity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), CRP, tender and swollen joint counts, and medical treatment regimens of the patients (glucocorticoids, conventional or biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) were recorded. In the radiographic examination, dental findings, and bone alterations of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were recorded and compared for both groups. Saliva samples were obtained for analysis of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), arylesterase (ARE), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels. The data analysis was conducted by independent sample t-test and chi-square test. Results: Condylar erosion was the most common radiographic change in TMJ of RA patients. Osteophyte formation was a prominent finding in the control group. Lower TAS and higher OSI levels were found in RA patients compared with controls (p = 0.013; p = 0.029, respectively). The effect of DAS 28-CRP score on the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in RA patients was not significant. Conclusion: Oxidative stress causes tissue damage in response to excessive mechanical loading, which in turn promotes TMD. However, disease activity has not a prominent impact on the salivary oxidative stress status of RA patients.
Glandular odontogenic cyst
(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2020) Uzun, Tuğçenur; Bozkurt, Merve; Duran, Betül Cengiz; İmamoglu, Eda Hilal; Toptaş, Orçun
Sir, Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an extremely rare developmental odontogenic cyst of the jawbones exhibiting an aggressive behaviour. The prevalence of the lesion ranges from 0.012% to 1.3% and accounts for 0.17% of all jaw cysts on average. Although it is clinically seen as a slowly growing asymptomatic swelling, there are cases leading to symptoms. Radiographically, it is seen in the form of unilocular or multilocular, well-defined, radiolucent lesion frequently crossing the midline.Its histological characteristic is that the squamous epithelium, lining the cyst, shows duct-like small spaces partly surrounded by mucinproducing cells. The treatment varies from simple surgical enucleation to aggressive resection. Therecurrence rate is high.
Correlation of molecular biomarker concentrations between synovial fluid and saliva of the patients with temporomandibular disorders
(Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Yaman, Deniz; Alpaslan, Cansu; Akça, Gülçin; Avcı, Emre
Objectives The synovial membrane and fluid are involved in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. This study aims to assess the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), chemerin and prostaglandin (PGE(2)) levels in the synovial fluid (SF) and saliva of patients with TMJ disorder regarding their role in inflammation and the value of being a candidate for predictive biomarkers in the disease. Also, it is aimed to find out whether chemerin's main function triggers the formation inflammatory cytokine markers in the associated area. Materials and methods Thirty-two samples of SF and saliva were obtained from patients with disc displacement without reduction with limited opening (DDWORwLO). Mann-Whitney-U test was used for the comparisons of the biomarker levels in SF and saliva. The correlation between chemerin and BMI (Body Mass Index) is analyzed by non-parametric Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. Results For all of the three biomarkers, statistically significant differences were found between SF and saliva. An unexpectedly high level expression of chemerin was observed in SF. A statistically significant, positive correlation was observed between PGE(2) -MMP-2, and chemerin-PGE(2) in saliva, chemerin and MMP-2 in SF, respectively (p = 0.031, r = 0.382 / p = 0.039, r = 0.366 / p = 0.032, r = 0.379). A positive correlation was determined between saliva and SF levels of PGE(2) (p = 0.016, r = 0.421). Conclusions Chemerin, MMP-2, and PGE(2) can play a role as an inflammatory factor for the development of TMJ disorder.
Artesunate: could be an alternative drug to chloroquine in COVID-19 treatment?
(Bmc, 2020) Uzun, Tuğçenur; Toptaş, Orçun
SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus)-CV-2 (2019-nCov), which showed up in China in December 2019 and spread all over the world, has becomed a serious health problem. An effective, safe and proven treatment has not yet been found. Chloroquine has been recommended by some authors to be used for the treatment of patients infected with this virus however chloroquine may have side effects and drug resistance problems. Artesunate is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, an antimalarial drug. Artesunate was thought to be an effective treatment for covid-19 because of its anti-inflammatory activity, NF-kappa B (nuclear Factor kappa B)-coronavirus effect and chloroquine-like endocytosis inhibition mechanism.
Evaluation of the relationship of dimensions of maxillary sinus drainage system with anatomical variations and sinusopathy: Cone-Beam computed tomography findings
(Karger, 2020) Akay, Gülsün; Yaman, Deniz; Karadağ, Özge; Güngör, Kahraman
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the length of the infundibulum and ostium height with the anatomic variations of osteomeatal complex (OMC) and sinus pathology using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 204 patients (408 maxillary sinuses) were evaluated retrospectively. The height of the ostium and the length of the infundibulum were measured. The presence of maxillary sinus pathology, nasal septal deviation, Haller cells, concha bullosa, and sinus septa were analyzed. The correlation between the size of the maxillary sinus drainage system and anatomic variations was compared using the t test, Fisher's exact test, and chi (2) test. The effect of tooth loss on the length of the infundibulum and ostium height was also analyzed using ANOVA. Results: The height of the ostium and the maximal septal deviation angle were found to be significantly greater in males (p < 0.05). As ostium height increased, the presence of maxillary sinus septa increased (p < 0.05). No statistically significant association was detected between other variations and the length of infundibulum or ostium height. The relationship between tooth loss and both the length of the infundibulum and ostium height were found to be insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Radiographic examination, especially on CBCT images, is important for an evaluation of maxillary sinuses. here, we demonstrated a significant relationship between ostium height and the presence of maxillary sinus septa. However, it was found that nasal septal deviation, concha bullosa, Haller cells, and other sinusopathies did not have a major effect on the size of the maxillary sinus drainage system.
The effect of different irrigation solutions on the accuracy of two electronic apex locators in locating artificial root perforations
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2020) Aydın, Zeliha Uğur; Altunbaş, Demet; Meşeci, Büşra
Objective: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the Raypex 6 (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) and Root ZX mini (J. Morita Corp., Tokyo, Japan) electronic apex locators (EALs) with regard to detecting root perforations in dry conditions and in the presence of irrigation solutions [2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Qmix]. Materials and Methods: Twenty single-rooted human teeth were perforated artificially with a 1 mm diameter in the middle region. The actual canal lengths up to the perforation site were determined, and then the teeth were embedded in an alginate mold. The electronic measurements of the perforations were obtained using a size #20 K-file for each EAL in various conditions. Results: There were significant differences between the different canal conditions in the Raypex 6 group (p<0.05), but no significant differences in the Root ZX mini group (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the two EALs in the presence of EDTA solution, but no statistically significant difference between the accuracy of two EALs in the presence of other solutions and in the dry canal condition (p>0.05). Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, both apex locators detected root canal perforations within a clinically acceptable (range of -0.18 to 0.31mm) distance from the coronal border of the perforation region. Irrigation solutions within the root canal affected the accuracy of Raypex 6, but not of Root ZX mini.
Could artesunate have a positive effect on the neurological complications related to infection when it is used in the treatment of covid-19?
(Amer Chemical Soc, 2020) Uzun, Tuğçenur; Toptaş, Orçun; Türkoğlu, Şule Aydın
Artesunate is a safe noncytotoxic drug with low side effects which is used in the treatment of chloroquine-resistant malaria. In addition to being an antimalarial drug, artesunate also has immunomodulatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiviral activity. There are in vivo and in vitro studies reporting that artesunate may have a positive effect on the treatment of COVID-19. Artesunate may be effective based on its effect on the anti-inflammatory activity, chloroquine-like endocytosis inhibition mechanism, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) signal pathway. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may cause neurological complications in addition to targeting the respiratory system. In this study, we have discussed the possible neuroprotective action mechanisms of artesunate. We think that systemic and intranasal topical artesunate administration may have a positive effect on neurological complications resulting from COVID-19.
Evaluation and comparison of the effects of artesunate, dexamethasone, and tacrolimus on sciatic nerve regeneration
(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2019) Uzun, Tuğçenur; Toptaş, Orçun; Saylan, Aslıhan; Carver, Hande; Türkoğlu, Şule Aydın
Purpose: To examine the effect of topical artesunate treatment on peripheral nerve regeneration and compare it with the effects of topical tacrolimus and dexamethasone on nerve regeneration. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into 6 groups: sham, saline, petrolatum, artesunate, tacrolimus, and dexamethasone. A compression injury was generated in the right sciatic nerve in all groups except the sham group. In the sham group, the nerve was dissected but compression was not applied. In the groups in which compression was applied, the agents were absorbed through resorbable gelatin sponges applied to the injured region. At the end of 4 weeks, walking analysis, electromyographic measurements, and histopathologic examinations were conducted. Results: When the sciatic function index and electrophysiologic measurements were evaluated, artesunate, tacrolimus, and dexamethasone exhibited positive effects on nerve regeneration (P <.05); there were no significant differences among these 3 agents (P >.05). Histopathologic examination showed that artesunate decreased fibrosis scores and inflammation and increased the diameter of myelinated axons; tacrolimus decreased fibroblast scores; and dexamethasone only decreased fibrosis scores (P <.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the artesunate and dexamethasone groups had more positive immunoreactivity to nerve growth factor than did the saline group (P <.05). Conclusions: Topical artesunate treatment had a positive effect on peripheral nerve regeneration. There were no relevant differences between the topical forms of dexamethasone and tacrolimus for peripheral nerve regeneration. (C) 2018 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
Effects of root-end filling on the fractal dimension of the periapical bone after periapical surgery: Retrospective study
(Springer Heidelberg, 2019) Aydın, Zeliha Uğur; Toptaş, Orçun; Bulut, Duygu Göller; Akay, Neşet; Kara, Tolgahan; Akbulut, Nihat
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of root-end filling after periapical surgery on the fractal dimension (FD) of the periapical bone. Methods Thirty-eight patients who underwent periapical surgery were included in this study. The cases were divided into two subgroups: (1) In the gutta-percha group, root cavity and root-end fillings were not performed after root resection. In this group, there were 14 female patients and 6 male patients. (2) In the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) group, the root end was filled with MTA after root resection. In this group, there were 13 female patients and 5 male patients. Each patient underwent two periapical radiographs, one shortly after periapical surgery (10-15 days) and another one 1 year after periapical surgery. Regions of interest (ROIs) located close to the infected root apex were selected for each radiograph. Periapical radiographs were digitized and processed with an FD analysis using the box-counting method. Results FD was significantly increased in both groups over time (p < 0.05). The increases in FD between groups were not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions Mathematical morphology combined with the box-counting method showed that the FD change was independent of the root-end filling at the 1-year follow-up after periapical surgery.
Short term histopathological effects of gaaias laser on experimentally induced TMJ osteoarthritis in rabbits
(Sociedade Brasileira De Pesquisa Odontologica, 2018) Memiş, Sadi; Çandırlı, Celal; Kerimoğlu, Gökçen
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biostimulation (BS) effect of the gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser by histopathology with an experimental osteoarthritis (OA) model in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) of rabbits, in the early period. GaAlAs diode laser is used for pain reduction in TMJ disorders. Twenty-four adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three equal groups: Control Group (CG), Study Group 1 (SG-1), and Study Group 2 (SG-2). Mono-iodoacetate (MIA) was administered to the right TMJs of all rabbits. The rabbits did not undergo any treatment for four weeks to allow the development of osteoarthritis. In SG-1, laser BS was applied to the rabbits at 940 nm, 5 W, and 15 J/cm(2) in continuous wave mode at 48 hour intervals for 14 sessions; and in SG-2, laser BS was applied with the same parameters at 24-hour intervals for 28 sessions. Laser BS was not applied to the rabbits in CG. All rabbits were sacrificed simultaneously. The TMJ cartilage, osteochondral junction, chondrocyte appearance, and subchondral ossification were evaluated histopathologically. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of cartilage, osteochondral junction, chondrocyte appearance, and subchondral ossification values (p > 0.05). The laser BS protocol used in the study had no positive histopathological effects on TMJ OA in the early period.
Nass use and associated factors among outpatients in northern Afghanistan: a cross-sectional study in Andkhoy City
(European Publishing, 2018) Hamrah, Mohammad Hasssan; Hamrah, Mohammad Shoaib; Hamrah, Mohammad Hussain; Dahi, Toba; Fotouhi, Akbar
INTRODUCTION Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including cancer, lung diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Nass is a form of smokeless tobacco. It is used most commonly in Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran, and is significantly associated with oral and oesophageal cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nass use and its associated factors among patients attending an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan, from April to July 2017. The study included 387 consecutive patients. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, which includes three main items: demographic, physical, and biomedical measurements. We performed binary logistic regression to identify independent risk factors of nass use. RESULTS The study included 387 participants, of whom 225 were males (58.1%) and 162 were females (41.9%). The overall prevalence of nass use was 48.8% (95% CI: 43.8-53.9%), with the Turkmen ethnic group having significantly higher prevalence than other ethnic groups (58.2%, 95% CI: 50.8-65.3% vs 41.8%, 95% CI: 34.7-49.2%). The mean and standard deviation of the age was 63.9 (17.2) years for nass users and 42.3 (17.4) years for non-users. Based on a multivariate analysis, family history of nass use (OR= 31.4, 95% CI: 12.5-78.5), illiteracy (OR= 8.9, 95% CI: 2.5-31.2), rural residence (OR= 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0-3.9), and unemployment (OR= 5.4, 95% CI: 1.4-21.4) were associated with nass use. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that about half of the participants were nass users, and nass use associated factors were family history of nass use, illiteracy, unemployment, and rural residency in outpatient clinics in Afghanistan. More surveillance data are needed on a national level to inform the development of strategies for the prevention and control of nass consumption in Afghanistan.
Association of toll-like receptors 2, 3, and 4 genes polymorphisms with periapical pathosis risk
(Medicina Oral S L, 2016) Özan, Ülkü; Ocak, Zeynep; Özan, Fatih; Oktay, Elif-Aybala; Toptaş, Orçun; Şahman, Halil; Yıkılgan, İhsan; Oruçoğlu, Hasan
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of gene variations of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 3, and 4 on genetic susceptibility to periapical pathosis. Material and Methods: One hundred patients were included in the study and divided into two groups as follows; Control Group (n=50) that have root canal treatment and no periapical lesion, Patient Group (n=50) that have root canal treatment and periapical lesion. TLR2 Arg753Gln, TLR3 (c.1377C/T) and TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms were genotyped by using PCR-RFLP. Genotypical analysis of control and patient groups were investigated to disclose whether there is any association between periapical lesions and gene variations. Results: There are no significant statistical differences between control and patient groups according to TLR 2 and 4 gene sequence. On the contrary, CC allele detected 74% for TLR 3 in patient group, and this difference was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.005). Conclusions: According to these results, it can be suggested that patients with Toll-like receptor 3 gene polymorphisms could be susceptible to periapical pathosis.
Does stinging nettle (urtica dioica) have an effect on bone formation in the expanded inter-premaxillary suture?
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Irgın, Celal; Çörekçi, Bayram; Ozan, Fatih; Halıcıoğlu, Koray; Toptaş, Orçun; Yıldırım, Arzu Birinci; Türker, Arzu; Yılmaz, Fahri
Objective: To determine whether systemically given stinging nettle (SN) has an effect on bone formation in response to expansion of the rat inter-premaxillary suture. Materials and methods: A total of 28 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: control (C), only expansion (OE), SN extract given only during the expansion and retention periods (SN group; a total of 17 days), and SN extract given during the nursery phase before expansion (a period of 40 days) and during the expansion and retention periods (N + SN group; a total of 57 days). After the 5-day expansion period was completed, the rats in the OE, SN, and N + SN groups underwent 12 days of mechanical retention, after which they were sacrificed, and their premaxilla were dissected and fixed. A histologic evaluation was done to determine the number of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and capillaries, as well as the number and intensity of inflammatory cells and new bone formation. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the groups in all histologic parameters except the ratio of intensities of inflammatory cells. New bone formation and the number of capillaries were significantly higher in the SN groups than in the other groups. The statistical analysis also showed that the numbers of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and capillaries were highest in the N + SN group. Conclusion: Systemic administration of SN may be effective in accelerating new bone formation and reducing inflammation in the maxillary expansion procedure. It may also be beneficial in preventing relapse after the expansion procedure. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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