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    Phenylalanine functionalized cryogels for selective cholesterol removal from milk
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2024) Gokturk, Ilgim; Saylan, Yeseren; Yilmaz, Fatma; Kartal, Fatma; Denizli, Adil
    High cholesterol grades are a significant threat factor for coronary heart disease, which leads to heart attacks. General practices focus on lowering cholesterol and saturated fatty acids in the diet to decrease the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Milk is a primary food with high nutritional value and high consumption. Molecularly imprinted cryogels are an excellent alternative according to non-selective methods such as liquid-liquid and/or solid-phase extraction to elute cholesterol selectively from milk. Because the cryogels are low cost, they can be synthesized easily, and the sample can be applied directly to the cryogel without needing any pre-treatment. In this study, we synthesized cholesterol-imprinted (Chl-MIP) cryogel membranes employing aminoacid-based hydrophobic functional comonomer N-methacryloyl-L-phenylalanine to be used as a selective adsorbent to remove cholesterol from milk samples. Chl-MIP cryogel exhibited a maximum Chl adsorption capacity of 12.01 mg/g at 25 degrees C with an interaction time of 60 min. The selectivity of the cryogel was 2.89 times greater for estradiol molecules and 4.99 times greater for progesterone molecules. Chl-MIP cryogel provides a rapid mass transfer by a short diffusion path without any diffusion restrictions. This process is simple to implement, efficient, affordable, and feasible for use on modern manufacturing lines.
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    RNA purification
    (CRC Press, 2024) Göktürk, Ilgim; Saylan, Yeseren; Yilmaz, Fatma; Denizli, Adil
    Ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules are used in various downstream experiments, including cloning, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), reverse transcription, and RNA-sequencing for gene expression analyses, which all require RNA of high-quality and adequate quantity. Current RNA purification approaches include phenol-chloroform extraction, affinity-based methods, and magnetic separation, leading to the separation of RNA from genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and other cellular components (e.g., enzymes, salts, and nucleotides) after lysis of cells or tissues. Additionally, RNA transcribed in vitro needs to be separated from other components, including DNA templates, RNA-modifying enzymes and unincorporated nucleotides. Since centrifuge and column-based protocols commonly employed for the purification of RNA require specialized equipment and generally use toxic reagents, they are not easily scalable and adaptable for high-throughput analysis. This chapter provides an overview of RNA purification methods from various sources and highlights the versatility of purified RNA in basic research and biotechnological applications. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dongyou Liu; individual chapters. All rights reserved.
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    Selective amplification of plasmonic sensor signal for cortisol detection using gold nanoparticles
    (MDPI, 2022) Yılmaz, Gaye Ezgi; Saylan, Yeseren; Göktürk, İlgim; Yılmaz, Fatma; Denizli, Adil
    Herein, gold nanoparticles (AuNP)-modified cortisol-imprinted (AuNP-MIP) plasmonic sensor was developed for signal amplification and real-time cortisol determination in both aqueous and complex solutions. Firstly, the sensor surfaces were modified with 3-(trimethoxylyl)propyl methacrylate and then pre-complex was prepared using the functional monomer N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester. The monomer solution was made ready for polymerization by adding 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate to ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. In order to confirm the signal enhancing effect of AuNP, only cortisol-imprinted (MIP) plasmonic sensor was prepared without AuNP. To determine the selectivity efficiency of the imprinting process, the non-imprinted (AuNP-NIP) plasmonic sensor was also prepared without cortisol. The characterization studies of the sensors were performed with atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. The kinetic analysis of the AuNP-MIP plasmonic sensor exhibited a high correlation coefficient (R-2 = 0.97) for a wide range (0.01-100 ppb) with a low detection limit (0.0087 ppb) for cortisol detection. Moreover, the high imprinting efficiency (k ' = 9.67) of the AuNP-MIP plasmonic sensor was determined by comparison with the AuNP-NIP plasmonic sensor. All kinetic results were validated and confirmed by HPLC.