İlkokul ve ortaokul öğrencilerinde mizah tutumunun gelişimi: 4-8. sınıf öğrencileri özelinde
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2013
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı ilkokul ve ortaokul düzeyindeki öğrencilerin mizaha karşı tutumlarını belirleyerek kültür ve çevre etkisiyle birlikte öğrencilerin bilişsel düzeylerinin mizah ilgisine ve tercihlerine olan etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu araştırmada İlkokul ve ortaokul öğrencilerinin mizaha karşı tutumlarının gelişimi nasıl oluşmaktadır Öğrencilerin mizaha karşı tutumları ve ilgileri neye göre şekillenmekte ve değişiklik göstermektedir? Sorularına cevap arandı. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amaç, problem ve hedeflerine uygun olarak belirlenen çalışma grubuna on beş maddelik Kişisel Bilgi Formu, otuz iki maddelik Mizah Tutum Ölçeği, her sınıf düzeyi için ayrı ayrı belirlenen altı farklı fıkra ve bu fıkralara ait dört soruluk Akademik Başarı Testi ve dört soruluk Mizah İlgi Formu uyguladı. Çalışmanın başka bir amacı da ilk defa bu araştırma için hazırlanıp uygulanan Mizah Tutum Ölçeği?nin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin ilkokul ve ortaokul öğrencileri üzerinde sınanmasıdır. Bu amaçla geliştirilen Mizah Tutum Ölçeği, çalışma öncesinde yaşları 9 ila 15 arasında değişen, ( X = 11,67) 56?sı kız, 44?ü erkek (4., 5., 6., 7. ve 8. sınıf) toplam 100 ilkokul ve ortaokul öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verileri SPSS (Statistic Package For Social Science) programı ile çözümlenmiştir. Yapılan ivuygulama sonucunda elde edilen güvenirlik kat sayısı olan Cronbach alfa (?) değeri .84 çıkmıştır. Otuz iki (32) maddeden oluşan Mizah Tutum Ölçeği beşli likert tipi bir ölçek olup bu ölçek ile elde edilen veriler öğrencilerin mizaha karşı olan tutumlarını ölçmek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarından toplanan veriler bilgisayar ortamında SPSS paket programı ile çözümlenmiş, verilerin frekans, yüzdelik dağılım vb. hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar Mizah Tutum Ölçeği?nin ilkokul ve ortaokul öğrencileri ile yürütülen çalışmalarda kullanılmaya uygun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma grubunun mizah ilgisini ve yaşa göre mizah tercihlerini belirlemek için Mizah İlgi Formundan faydalanılmıştır. Bunun yanında, öğrencilerin okudukları fıkralara ait karikatür çizmeleri de istenmiş ve elde edilen karikatürler Karikatür Çizimi İnceleme Kriter Formuyla değerlendirilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmada örneklem olarak seçilen İstanbul ili, Beyoğlu ilçesi İhsan Şerif İlkokulu (4. sınıf), İhsan Şerif Ortaokulu (5., 6., 7. ve 8. sınıf), Hasköy İlkokulu (4. sınıf), Hasköy Ortaokulu (5., 6., 7. ve 8. sınıf), Cemal Artüz İlkokulu (4. sınıf) ve Cemal Artüz Ortaokulu (5., 6., 7. ve 8. sınıf) öğrencileri, aynı zamanda deney grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin mizah gelişim sürecinde; annenin eğitim düzeyi, yaşanılan çevre, sahip olunan kültür, öğrencilerin yaşı ve hazır bulunuşluk düzeyinin etkili olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Erkek öğrencilerin kız öğrencilere göre mizaha karşı tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu, bununla beraber günlük yaşamda erkek öğrenciler kız öğrencilere göre mizah unsurlarını daha fazla kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Sınıf düzeyi yükseldikçe mizah puanlarının düzeyinde de fark edilir bir artışolduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca cinsiyete göre de mizah puanlarında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuş olup bu fark erkek öğrencilerin lehinedir. Öğrencilerin mizah ilgisinin ve mizah tercihlerinin oluşmasında kültürün etkili volduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin mizah tercihlerinin Karadeniz, fabl, hastadoktor (deli) fıkra türlerinden yana olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında Karadeniz fıkralarının Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarına göre daha çok beğenildiği saptanmıştır. Genel anlamda Karadeniz fıkraları en çok beğenilen fıkra türü olduğu, ikinci sırada fabl türü fıkrsların, üçüncü sırada da Bektaşî fıkralarının yer aldığı anlaşılmıştır. Karikatür çizimlerinde de yine aynı fıkralara yönelik daha fazla çizimlerin yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca somut işlemler döneminde buluan öğrenciler ile soyut işlemler döneminde bulunan öğrencilerin karikatür çizimlerinde farklılıklar gösterdiği saptanmış olup bu farklılıklar Fıkra İnceleme Kriter Formundaki maddelere göre incelenerek sonuçları yorumlanmıştır. Farklı disiplinlerle de bağlantılı olan bu araştırma alana özgün bir çalışma kazandırılması bakımından önemlidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mizah, Mizah Tutum Ölçeği, Çocuk ve Dil Gelişimi, Karikatür, Fıkra
The main purpose of the study is to put forth the effect of cognitive levels of students? in elementary schools on their interest in and preference for humour by determining their attitudes to humour alongside the effects of culture and environment. Answers have been sought to questions such as: How do elementary school students develop their attitudes towards humour? What shapes their attitudes to and interest in humour? In what way do their attitudes and interests vary? In line with the aim, problem and goals of the study, a fifteen-item Personal Information Form, a thirty-two-item Scale of Attitudes to Humour, six jokes that were separately chosen for each grade as well as a four-question Academic Success Test pertaining to the jokes, and a fourquestion Test of Interest in Humour have been applied to the specified work group. Another aim of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Scale of Attitudes to Humour, which was specifically designed for the current study, with elementary school students. The scale was given to a total of 100 students ?56 of whom were girls and 44 of whom were boys ? (4th-8th graders) aged 9-15 ( X= 11,67). The research data were analyzed by means of the SPSS (the Statistics Package for Social Sciences) in terms of frequency, percentage distribution, etc. The Cronbach alpha value ( ) (the reliability coefficient) was found to be .84. The results indicated that the Scale of viiAttitudes to Humour is a valid and reliable tool of measurement for studies to be conducted with elementary school students. The Test of Interest in Humour was used to discover the group?s interests in humour and their preferences for humour according to age. In addition, the students were asked to draw caricatures about the jokes they read and the caricatures were assessed and interpreted through the Form of Criteria for Examination of Caricatures. The students (4th-8th graders) of the İhsan Şerif Elementary School, Hasköy Elementary School and Cemal Artüz Elementary School in Beyoğlu ? İstanbul ? which were chosen to be the sampling of the study were also specified as the experimental group. As a result of the study, the educational level of the mothers, environment, culture, students? age and their level of readiness were seen to have an impact on the development of their sense of humour. It has been found that the male students have more positive attitudes towards humour than the female students and that they use more humour in daily life. The results indicate that there is an appreciable increase in the level of humour scores as the grades go up. A significant difference has also been found in the humour scores according to sex in favour of the boys. Culture has been found to be effective in the formation of students? interest in and preference for humour. It has been observed that students? preferences are for the Blacksea, fable, patient-doctor (mad people) kind of jokes. The Blacksea jokes have been found to be more popular than the Hodja Nasreddin jokes. The Blacksea jokes have been shown to be the most popular, followed by the fables and the Bektashi jokes. viiiIt has also been found that more caricatures were drawn about the same type of jokes. Differences have been observed between the caricatures drawn by the students who are in the concrete operations stage and those in the abstract operations stage. These differences have been analyzed and interpreted according to the criteria in the Form of Examination of Jokes. The current study, which is an interdisciplinary work, is important in that it is an original contribution to the literature. Keywords: Humour, Scale of Attitudes to Humour, Children and Language Acquisition, Caricature, Joke.
The main purpose of the study is to put forth the effect of cognitive levels of students? in elementary schools on their interest in and preference for humour by determining their attitudes to humour alongside the effects of culture and environment. Answers have been sought to questions such as: How do elementary school students develop their attitudes towards humour? What shapes their attitudes to and interest in humour? In what way do their attitudes and interests vary? In line with the aim, problem and goals of the study, a fifteen-item Personal Information Form, a thirty-two-item Scale of Attitudes to Humour, six jokes that were separately chosen for each grade as well as a four-question Academic Success Test pertaining to the jokes, and a fourquestion Test of Interest in Humour have been applied to the specified work group. Another aim of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Scale of Attitudes to Humour, which was specifically designed for the current study, with elementary school students. The scale was given to a total of 100 students ?56 of whom were girls and 44 of whom were boys ? (4th-8th graders) aged 9-15 ( X= 11,67). The research data were analyzed by means of the SPSS (the Statistics Package for Social Sciences) in terms of frequency, percentage distribution, etc. The Cronbach alpha value ( ) (the reliability coefficient) was found to be .84. The results indicated that the Scale of viiAttitudes to Humour is a valid and reliable tool of measurement for studies to be conducted with elementary school students. The Test of Interest in Humour was used to discover the group?s interests in humour and their preferences for humour according to age. In addition, the students were asked to draw caricatures about the jokes they read and the caricatures were assessed and interpreted through the Form of Criteria for Examination of Caricatures. The students (4th-8th graders) of the İhsan Şerif Elementary School, Hasköy Elementary School and Cemal Artüz Elementary School in Beyoğlu ? İstanbul ? which were chosen to be the sampling of the study were also specified as the experimental group. As a result of the study, the educational level of the mothers, environment, culture, students? age and their level of readiness were seen to have an impact on the development of their sense of humour. It has been found that the male students have more positive attitudes towards humour than the female students and that they use more humour in daily life. The results indicate that there is an appreciable increase in the level of humour scores as the grades go up. A significant difference has also been found in the humour scores according to sex in favour of the boys. Culture has been found to be effective in the formation of students? interest in and preference for humour. It has been observed that students? preferences are for the Blacksea, fable, patient-doctor (mad people) kind of jokes. The Blacksea jokes have been found to be more popular than the Hodja Nasreddin jokes. The Blacksea jokes have been shown to be the most popular, followed by the fables and the Bektashi jokes. viiiIt has also been found that more caricatures were drawn about the same type of jokes. Differences have been observed between the caricatures drawn by the students who are in the concrete operations stage and those in the abstract operations stage. These differences have been analyzed and interpreted according to the criteria in the Form of Examination of Jokes. The current study, which is an interdisciplinary work, is important in that it is an original contribution to the literature. Keywords: Humour, Scale of Attitudes to Humour, Children and Language Acquisition, Caricature, Joke.
Açıklama
Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkçe Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training ; Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı
