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    The effect of urinary catheters on microbial biofilms and catheter associated urinary tract infections
    (Urol & Nephrol Res Ctr-Unrc, 2017) Kırmusaoğlu, Sahra; Yurdugül, Seyhun; Metin, Ahmet; Vehid, Suphi
    Purpose: The aims of this study were to determine relationship between biofilm producer microorganisms attached to urinary catheters (UCs) and urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), to determine the rate of CAUTI development and the relationship between CAUTI and catheterization period in catheterized patients. Materials and Methods: Urinary catheters from 143 inpatients who were hospitalized in Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital Urinary Service, and urine samples of these patients before and after catheterization of urinary catheter were collected. Culture-based microbiological evaluation of urinary catheters removed from inpatient and urine samples collected from inpatients were performed before and after catheterization of urinary catheter to identify various organisms and determine biofilm production by them. Results: The incidence of CAUTIs was 13% (18/143) in catheterized inpatients. Biofilm producer microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (E. cnli), Klebsiella pneuinoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis that were isolated from UCs removed from inpatients were found to cause CAUTI (P <.001). Conclusion: Incidence of CAUTIs is increased by the usage of UCs and prolonged catheterization period.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
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    Hormonal Modulation of the Proinflammatory Cytokines, Leptin and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2008) Topcuou, M. Ata; Uzun, Hafize; Aydin, Seval; Albayrak, Mustafa; Vehid, Suphi; Zeybek, Gorkem; Topcuoglu, Deniz
    In this study we aimed to determine the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, PAI-1, leptin in healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal subjects who were evaluated before and after hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Twenty premenoposal woman with regular cycles and 45 postmenopausal women were included in the study. Twenty-five of the postmenopausal women received conjugated estrogen (CCE) + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and the other 20 received 17-beta estradiol + norethisterone acetate (NETA). The levels of the above identified cytokines in these two treatment groups were compared with that of the healthy pemenopausal group as well as with each other before and after 6 months of HRT. IL-1 levels were significantly higher in the postmenopausal group before HRT when compared to the premenopausal group. Levels of IL-1 were elevated even more after 6 months of HRT. IL-6 was significantly higher in postmenopausal group before HRT compared to the premenopausal group. After 6 months of HRT there was no significant decrease in levels of IL-6. TNF-alpha was significantly higher in postmenopausal group before HRT compared to the premenopausal group. No significant decrease was seen after HRT. PAI-1 was significantly higher in the postmenaposal group before HRT compared to the premenopausal group. After 6 months of HRT, there was a significant decrease in levels of PAI-1. Leptin levels were not different between the premenopausal and the postmenopausal groups (p=0.97). But leptin levels were higher in the postmenopausal group after receiving HRT for 6 months. Menopausal status and HRT may be the causative factor of biochemical proinflammatory response, lepitn. fibrinolytic process and coagulation in healthy postmenopausal women.