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Öğe Artificial neural network-based classification system for lung nodules on computed tomography scans(Ieee, 2014) Dandil, Emre; Çakıroğlu, Murat; Eksi, Ziya; Özkan, Murat; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Canan, ArzuLung cancer is the most common type of cancer among various cancers with the highest mortality rate. The fact that nodules that form on the lungs are in different shapes such as round or spiral in some cases makes their detection difficult. Early diagnosis facilitates identification of treatment phases and increases success rates in treatment. In this study, a holistic Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system has been developed by using Computed-Tomography (CT) images to ensure early diagnosis of lung cancer and differentiation between benign and malignant tumors. The designed CAD system provides segmentation of nodules on the lobes with neural networks model of Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) and ensures classification between benign and malignant nodules with the help of ANN (Artificial Neural Network). Performance values of 90.63% accuracy, 92.30% sensitivity and 89.47% specificity were acquired in the CAD system which utilized a total of 128 CT images obtained from 47 patients.Öğe Breast metastasis in a male patient with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007) Uçar, Nazire; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Alpar, Sibel; Örsel, Osman; Demirağ, Funda; Kurt, BaharÖğe A case of squamous cell lung carcinoma with gastric metastasis(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006) Alpar, Sibel; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Uçar, Nazire; Örsel, Osman; Aydoğ, Gülden; Kurt, BaharLung cancer usually meta.stasizes the bone, adrenal glands, and brain. It is uncommon in the digestive system, particularly in the stomach. The most common sites of primary malignancy in patients who presented with gastric metastasis is malignant melanoma, breast cancer, and lung cancer.Öğe A comparison of histopathological appearance with radiological characteristics of usual interstitial pneumonia(2014) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Uçar, Nazire; Alpar, Sibel Meryem; Demirağ, Funda; Ağaçkıran, Yetkin; Ertürk, Hakan; Kurt, Emine BaharAmaç: Pulmoner fibrozisin histolojik bulguları, yüksek çözünürlüklü bilgisayarlı tomografideki (YRBT) radyolojik bulgular ile kuvvetle ilişkilidir ve aynı zamanda buzlu cam görünümü, interstisyel inflamasyon ile ilişkilidir. Biz, usual interstisyel pnömoni ( UİP ) olan hastalarda YRBT bulguları ile histolojik korelasyonu araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem : Açık akciğer biyopsisi ile UIP tanısı teyit edilen hastaların kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Semptomların süresi, fizik muayene bulguları, solunum fonksiyon ve difüzyon testi sonuçları ve arteriyel kan gazı analizi sonuçları kaydedildi. İki deneyimli patolog tarafından, tanının teyidi için patoloji örnekleri ATS / ERS kriterleri göz önüne alınarak tekrar incelendi. YRBT görüntüleri de bir radyolog tarafından tekrar değerlendirildi. Klinik, histopatolojik ve radyolojik bulgular kaydedildi ve karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: UIP patolojik tanısı olan on hastanın hepsinde mikroskobik bal peteği görünümü vardı. HRCT'de bal peteği görünümü 9 hastada gözlendi, bunların 3 tanesinde kistik oluşumda vardı. Mikroskobik incelemede fibroblastik odakları olan hastalarda HRCT'de traksiyon bronşektazisi vardı. Sonuç : YRBT bulguları, UIP’li hastalarda mikroskobik bal peteği görünümünü ve fibroblastik odakların varlığını tahminde yardımcı olabilir. Semptomların süresi ile histolojik değişikliklerin derecesi ilişkili değildir.Öğe Crohn's disease presenting as multiple pulmonary nodules in FDG PET/CT scan(Aves, 2015) Kurt, Mevlüt; Posul, Emrah; Can, Güray; Yılmaz, Bülent; Korkmaz, Uğur; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Gürel, Kamil; Dağıstan, Emine; Özyalvaçlı, GülzadeÖğe The diagnostic role of capnography in pulmonary embolism(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2010) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Alpar, Sibel; Sipit, Tuğrul; Güven, Selma Fırat; Ertürk, Hakan; Kurt, Emine BaharThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic contribution of alveolar dead space fraction (AVDSf) measured using capnography in patients admitted with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). A total of 58 patients who were admitted to our hospital with suspected PE between October 2006 and January 2008 were included in this study. All patients were assessed using the Wells clinical score, capnography, computed tomographic pulmonary angiography, D-dimer measurement, lower-extremity venous Doppler ultrasonography, and V/Q scintigraphy. Forty patients (69%) had PE based on computed tomographic pulmonary angiography findings. The AVDSf value with the highest sensitivity and specificity, which was at the same time statistically significant, was 0.09. This value was consistent with the AVDSf value obtained using receiver operating characteristic analysis. In our study, the sensitivity of capnography was 70%, with a specificity of 61.1%, positive predictive value of 80%, and negative predictive value of 47.8%. The use of AVDSf in combination with any of the several scoring systems that evaluate clinical likelihood of PE and D-dimer levels resulted in higher sensitivity and specificity rates for the diagnosis of PE. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Does gender affect asthma control in adult asthmatics?(Sage Publications Ltd, 2014) Dursun, Adile Berna; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Bayız, Hülya; Özkan, Emre; Çakaloğlu, AslıhanSeveral studies have shown gender differences in prevalence of asthma but there is little information about asthma control. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of gender on asthma control in adult asthmatics. Medical records of 242 patients older than 18 years of age who regularly visited the allergy unit were evaluated. Standardized asthma questionnaires like the asthma control test (ACT) were performed. ACT scores, clinical characteristics, and demographic data such as smoking status, education, duration and severity of asthma, atopic status, family history of asthma, analgesic hypersensitivity, number of emergency visits, and hospitalization in the previous year were compared based on gender. In this study, 77.3% of the patients were female. Mean age, body mass index, and duration of asthma were 39.0 +/- 0.7, 27.3 +/- 0.3, and 6.6 +/- 0.4 years, respectively. Of the total, 14.9% of the patients were smokers. Also, 55.8% of them were graduated from middle school, 22.7% from high school, and 14% from university. Atopy rate was 57%. Analgesic hypersensitivity was found in 18.6% of them. There was 30.2% family history of asthma. The asthma severity was mild in 45.5%, moderate in 40.9%, and severe in 13.6% of the patients. One-third of the patients were admitted to emergency room; 1/10th were hospitalized due to asthma in the previous year. ACT scores indicated complete control in 67.8%, partial control in 17.8%, and uncontrolled asthma in 14.5%. Comparing the results of males with females having asthma, there was no statistically significant difference between the two gender according to ACT scores and clinical characteristics. Finally, the results conclude that there was no effect of gender on asthma control assessed with standardized questionnaire in adult asthmatics.Öğe Evaluation of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associations with disease severity(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2016) Talay, Fahrettin; Tosun, Mehmet; Yaşar, Zehra Asuk; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Karği, Aysel; Öztürk, Serkan; Özlü, Mehmet Fatih; Alçelik, AytekinChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a systemic disorder characterized by chronic airflow limitation and an increased inflammatory response of the airways. Comorbidities are frequent in COPD and it is crucial to predict these in early stage for adequate management of COPD. Recent studies have reported that elevated levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), a zinc-binding metalloproteinase, detected in patients with asthma, lung cancer, and pulmonary embolism and independently associated with cardiovascular events. We aimed to assess serum PAPP-A levels in COPD and the associations between disease severity. The study population consisted of 75 COPD patients and 35 healthy subjects as a control group. PAPP-A levels were measured by using ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Elevated levels of PAPP-A were observed in patients with COPD on comparison with the controls (p = 0.000). The levels in stage 1 (34.73 +/- 22.97) and stage 2 (48.29 +/- 53.35) were significantly higher than stage 3 (20.58 +/- 22.98) and stage 4 (27.36 +/- 21.46) (p = 0.049). Increased PAPP-A levels may be a useful marker in management of COPD that seeks to prevent the development of comorbidities such as adverse cardiovascular diseases.Öğe Fiberoptik bronkoskopide sedasyon: literatürün gözden geçirilmesi(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2015) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Talay, Fahrettin; Karğı, Aysel; Yaşar, Zehra; Tuğ, TuncerFiberoptik bronkoskopi (FOB) akciğer hastalıklarının tanı ve tedavisinde önemli yeri olan ve klinik pratikte yaygın olarak kullanılan bir prosedürdür. İnvaziv bir işlem olması nedeniyle öksürük, nefes darlığı, nazal ve farengeal irritasyona neden olabilmektedir. FOB sırasında ortaya çıkan stres katekolaminlerin salınımına neden olmakta ve taşikardi, vazokonstriksiyon ve kardiyak fonksiyonları yetersiz veya bozulmuş hastada miyokardiyal iskemiyle sonuçlanmaktadır. Güncel kılavuzlar komplikasyonları azaltmak ve hasta konforunu artırmak amacıyla sedasyon önermektedir. Bu amaçla en sık kullanılan sedatifler benzodiazepinler, opiyatlar, propofol ve fospropofol olup, tek veya kombine uygulanabilmektedir. Bronkoskopi ünitelerinde sedasyon uygulaması genellikle bronkoskopist tarafından uygulanmaktayken bazı merkezlerde anestezist de dahil olmaktadır. Bu derlemede FOB'da sedasyon için kullanılan çeşitli ilaçların değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Öğe Giant Chondroid Syringoma of the breast(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Şereflican, Betül; Kızıldağ, Betül; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Şereflican, Murat; Göksügür, Nadir; Boran, ÇetinÖğe The importance of laboratory parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Yıldız, NebilPlatelet activation and inflammation are the related mechanisms of pathogenesis in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are the markers of platelet activation. C-reactive protein (CRP) and red cell distribution width (RDW) in relation to the inflammation in OSAS might be increased. We aimed to investigate the correlation of the MPV, PDW, and RDW levels with the severity of OSAS. We included 98 patients with suspected OSAS, evaluated by polysomnography. According to their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), patients were divided into group A (n = 20; 20.4%) with AHI below 5/h; group B (n = 15; 15.3%) with AHI 5 - 14.9/h; group C (n = 26; 26.5%) with AHI 15 - 29.9/h; and group D (n = 37; 37.8%) with AHI >= 30/h. Hemoglobin, MPV, PDW, and RDW were measured using an automated blood cell counter. BMI and age showed a statistically significant and gradual increase in AHI groups. Hemoglobin, platelet, CRP, MPV, and RDW values did not differ between AHI groups. PDW was significantly higher in group D (mean value 14.4 +/- 1.8) than in group A (13.2 +/- 0.5) (P< 0.001). Epworth sleepiness scale was significantly higher in group D (9.9 +/- 5.5) than in group A (5.6 +/- 3.5), B (9.2 +/- 3.6) and C (6.6 +/- 3.8) (P = 0.005). When the four groups were compared, group D had the lowest minimum SpO(2) value [group A (89.4 +/- 3.0), B (86.7 +/- 4.2), C (81.2 +/- 6.4), and D (68.2 +/- 13.0)]. There was a statistically significant correlation between AHI and age (r = 0.35, P< 0.001), BMI (r = 0.31, P = 0.003), PDW (r = 0.28, P = 0.006), and Epworth sleepiness scale (r = 0.29, P = 0.007). However, AHI was not correlated with CRP, MPV, and RDW. PDW is higher in severe OSAS and is correlated with different parameters of breathing function during sleep. The severity of OSAS was not correlated with CRP, MPV, and RDW. These findings show an evidence for platelet activation in OSAS and suggest that PDW might be related markers of OSAS severity. (c) 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Öğe Intermediate to long-term follow-up results of INH chemoprophylaxis prior to anti-TNF-alpha therapy in a high-risk area for tuberculosis(Springer Wien, 2013) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Kurt, Bahar; Talay, Fahrettin; Tuğ, Tuncer; Soy, Mehmet; Bes, Cemal; Hayran, MutluThe use of anti-TNF drugs for rheumatic diseases has increased in recent years. Several studies have reported an increased risk of reactivation of tuberculosis (TB) with anti-TNF agents. The aim of this study was to present the follow-up results of a single center from Turkey, a country with a high rate of active and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), for INH chemoprophylaxis in patients receiving anti-TNF-alpha therapy for rheumatic diseases infection. In this prospective observational study, consenting patients who were to be administered an anti-TNF agent for a rheumatic disease were evaluated for the presence of active infection or LTBI by a chest X-ray and a tuberculin skin test. Patients with LTBI were given chemoprophylaxis 1 month prior to commencement of anti-TNF treatment. All patients were followed-up bimonthly for any signs of pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB. A total of 73 patients, 23 female (31.5 %) and 50 male (68.5 %), with a mean age of 41.0 +/- A 13.1 years (18-78) were enrolled in the study. Overall, 44 patients (60.3 %) had ankylosing spondylitis, 18 (24.7 %) had rheumatoid arthritis, 7 (9.6 %) had juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and 3 (4.1 %) had psoriatic arthritis. LTBI was identified in 58 patients all of whom received chemoprophylaxis for 9 months. None of the patients in the study developed any signs of tuberculosis reactivation during follow-up. TST is a reliable and cost-effective method for the diagnosis of LTBI in patients prior to anti-TNF therapy. Moreover, chemoprophylaxis with INH seems to be effective for the prevention of TB reactivation in individuals with LTBI.Öğe Is an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio a predictor of metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?(Verduci Publisher, 2015) Yaşar, Zehra; Büyükşirin, Melih; Üçsular, Fatma Demirci; Karğı, Aysel; Erdem, Fatma; Talay, Fahrettin; Kurt, Özlem KarOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in early detection of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled hospital records of 140 COPD patients and 50 sex and age-matched healthy controls. The diagnostic values of NLR were estimated using the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: In total, 140 patients with COPD of which 63 patients had MetS and 50 healthy subjects were included in the study. We found that the NLR values of the stable COPD patients were significantly higher than those of the controls (p < 0.001). Among patients with COPD, the NLR was significantly higher in patients with than without MetS (p < 0.001). The AUC of the NLR was 0.898 in patients with MetS. The optimal NLR cut-off was 2.56 and was validated in the testing set. For evaluation of MetS, the sensitivity and specificity were 84.1% and 84.4% in patients with COPD under the suggested cut-offs. CONCLUSIONS: The NLR is a simple, effective, and practical predictor of MetS in patients with stable COPD. It has potential value in public health practice for management of patients with COPD.Öğe A new diagnostic marker for acute pulmonary embolism In emergency department : mean platelet volume(Makerere Univ, Fac Med, 2014) Talay, Fahrettin; Ocak, Tarık; Alçelik, Aytekin; Erkuran, Kürşat; Akkaya, Akcan; Duran, Arif; Demirhan, Abdullah; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Aşuk, ZehraObjective: To investigate the diagnostic importance of mean platelet volume (MPV) on acute pulmonary embolism (APE) in the emergency Department (ED). Methods: Subjects were selected from patients admitted to ED with clinically suspected APE. Demographic, anthropometric and serologic data were collected for each patient. Results: A total of 315 consecutive patients were analyzed, including 150 patients (53.44 +/- 15.14 y; 92 men/58 women) in APE group and 165 patients (49.80 +/- 13.76y; 94 men/71 women) in the control group. MPV in the APE group was significantly higher than in the control group (9.42 +/- 1.22 fl vs. 8.04 +/- 0.89 fl, p < 0.0001). The best cut-off values for MPV when predicting APE in patients with clinically suspected APE presenting at the ED were 8.55 fl (sensitivity 82.2%; specificity 52.3%). Conclusions: MPV is a helpful parameter for the diagnosis of APE in ED, for the first time in the literature.Öğe One-year follow-up results of smoking cessation outpatient clinic: Factors affecting the cessation of smoking(2014) Yaşar, Zehra; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Talay, Fahrettin; Karğı, AyselObjective: The aim was to investigate the factors affecting the quitting smoking success of the patients followed in the smoking cessation outpatient clinic and the rate of quitting smoking in this clinic. Methods: From the 320 cases who applied to the smoking cessation clinic, 241 cases with a 12 month follow-up completed between June 2011 and June 2012 were included in the study. Routine biochemical and hematological tests, respiratory function test, electrocardiography, and posteroanterior chest radiography were requested from the cases. Moreover, the cases were requested to complete the Fagerstrom nicotine dependence test, anxiety and depression assessment scale and the outpatient clinic’s form, including demographic data. The medicines taken and the duration of use were recorded. The quitting smoking success of the patients and the factors affecting this success were evaluated. Results: Generally, at the end of the first year, the rate of quitting smoking was 37.3%. The demographic characteristics of the groups who quit smoking and who failed to quit smoking were similar. Fagerstrom dependence degree (p<0.001) and the number of cigarettes smoked at the workplace (p<0.001) were higher. The individuals included in the group who quit smoking put on more weight. Overall, 27.4% of the patients received behavioural education (BE), 56% of them received behavioural education and nicotine replacement therapy (BE+NRT), 9.5% of them received BE+Bupropion, 2.5% of them received BE+Varenicline, and 4.6% of them received BE+Bupropion+NRT treatments. The rates of quitting smoking were 15.2%, 43.7%, 52.2%, 66.7% and 45.5%, respectively. With the administration of pharmacological treatment for a sufficient time, the rates of quitting smoking rose meaningfully (p<0.001). Conclusion: Quitting smoking is a difficult process that has to be evaluated individually for every case. In this process, the administration of sufficient behavioural education and pharmacological treatment with sufficient time for appropriate individuals will increase the success rate.Öğe Pentraxin 3 as a Novel Biomarker of Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2015) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Tosun, Mehmet; Kurt, Emine Bahar; Talay, FahrettinChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs in which inflammatory markers are involved with significant extrapulmonary effects that may contribute to its severity and complications. Moreover, some of the inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with COPD. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is the member of long pentraxins. The aim of the present study was to investigate the level of PTX3 in patients with COPD. Fifty-four COPD patients and 31 controls were enrolled in this study. Demographical data such as age, sex, cigarette smoking status, comorbidities, drugs, habits, and modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scores were recorded. All patients were asked for COPD Assessment Test (TM) (CAT). The mean age was 65.7 +/- 9.8 years, 92 % male. Plasma levels of PTX3 were found to be markedly higher in COPD patients [1.65 (0.32-12.72) ng/ml] than in controls [1.05 (0.43-3.26) ng/ml; p = 0.005]. On the other hand, PTX3 values did not differ between COPD stages [A, 1.73 (0.69-11.03); B, 1.49 (0.84-12.52); C, 0.79 (0.52-1.06); and D, 2.09 (0.32-12.72); p = 0.27]. The plasma PTX3 levels were positively correlated with MMRC scores. We conclude that circulating PTX3 levels are elevated in COPD patients. Plasma levels of PTX3 were correlated with dyspnea (MMRC scores). But PTX3 levels were not correlated with the severity of COPD.Öğe Polen gıda allerjisi sendromu(2017) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Erkoçoğlu, Mustafa; Kurt, MevlütPolen gıda allerjisi sendromuPolen gıda allerjisi sendromu, bir aeroallerjen ve bir bitki-türevi antijeni arasında, IgE antikorlarının aracılık ettiği tip I çapraz reaksiyondur. Esas semptomlar, sistemik semptomlar olmaksızın, tipik olarak dudak veya ağızda uyuşma, dudak, dil, damak ve farinkste kaşıntı, karıncalanma ve şişme gibi lokalize oral semptomlardan oluşur. Mevsimsel allerjik rinit, astım ya da her ikisinin bulunduğu hastalarda daha sık görülmektedir. Çoğu hastada hafif semptomlar olması, gıdalardan kaçınılması ile düzelmesi nedeniyle gerçek sıklığı bilinmemektedir. Bu derlemede polen gıda allerjisi sendromunun özellikleri ile tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımlarını mevcut literatürler eşliğinde tartışmayı amaçladık.Öğe Pollen food allergy syndrome(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2017) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Erkoçoğlu, Mustafa; Kurt, MevlütPollen food allergy syndrome, is a type I cross-reaction mediated by IgE antibodies between an aeroallergen and a plant-derived antigen. Main symptoms are typically consist of localized oral symptoms such as numbness of the lip or mouth, itching, tingling and swelling of lips, tongue, palate and pharynx without systemic symptoms. Patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma or both more frequently experience pollen food allergy syndrome. Because most patients have mild symptoms and the improvement by avoiding food, the true incidence is unknown. In this review, we aimed to discuss characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of pollen food allergy syndrome according to existing literature.Öğe The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases among adults 30-49 years of age in Bolu, Western Black Sea region of Turkey(Societa Editrice Universo, 2014) Talay, Fahrettin; Kurt, Bahar; Tuğ, Tuncer; Kurt, Özlem Kar; Göksügür, Nadir; Yaşar, ZehraAim: To determine the prevalence of asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic diseases among adults 30-49 years of age in regions of Bolu. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was given to families of students in schools in different areas of Bolu, Turkey. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) and a questionnaire, including questions about the socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics of the participants, were responded to by 1403 people. Results: The prevalence of symptoms and diseases were as follows: wheezing in the last year 12.0% (n=168), asthma 8.7% (n=121), doctor-diagnosed asthma 3.6% (n=50), currently taking drugs for asthma 1.2% (n=17), allergic rhinitis 16.5% (n=230), and eczema 9.6% (n=134). The risk factors for each symptom or disease were as follows: for wheezing: smoking in the house (odds ratio [OR]=2.43 and 95% Confidence Limits [95%CL]=1.53-3.86), living in a non-concrete building (OR=2.17, 95%CL=1.27-3.69); for asthma: mold in the house (OR=1.70, 95% CL=1.05-2.76), living in a shanty (OR=2.76, 95%CL=1.30-5.85), smoking in the house (OR=1.5 95%CL=1.02-2.22); for allergic rhinitis: being female (OR=1.55, 95%CL=1.08-2.24), living in a shanty (OR=5.8 95%CL=2.06-16.39), a monthly income below $300 (OR = 1.74, 95%CL=1.13-2.69). Conclusions: A high rate of undiagnosed and untreated people with asthma among adults 30-49 years of age is present in Bolu. Especially, while a low socioeconomic level was observed to increase the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis, risk of wheeze and asthma was found to be elevated by smoking in house.Öğe Serum cardiotrophin-1 and IL-6 Levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2013) Kurt, Özlem Kar; Tosun, Mehmet; Talay, FahrettinObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Basic mechanisms involved in the increased cardiovascular risk of OSAS remain unclear. Inflammation has been shown to potentially play a critical role in this association. The aim of the present study was to investigate the level of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) in patients with OSAS. Forty-eight newly diagnosed OSAS patients and 37 nonapneic controls were enrolled in this study. Demographic data, cigarette smoking status, previous history of chronic diseases including CVD and metabolic diseases and drugs, and habits were obtained by a standardized questionnaire. All patients underwent polysomnographic evaluation. The mean age was 48.3 +/- 12.3 (24-74) years in OSAS group. Median apnea-hypopnea index was 23.6 (6-91.8) and median body mass index was 30.4 (24.2-49.4) in the OSAS group. Plasma CT-1 levels in OSAS and control groups, respectively, were 12.03 +/- 1.08 and 11.85 +/- 1.18 pg/ml. There was no significant difference in the plasma levels of CT-1 and IL-6 between the OSAS group and the controls.
