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Öğe Anatomical factors which influence the formation of peroneal tendon tears: A retrospective comparative study(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Ayanoglu, Tacettin; Arıkan, Emre; Kurtboğan, Mahmut; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Yılmaz, Ömer Faruk; Özturan, Kutay EnginThis study aims to investigate the anatomical factors that are effective in the formation of peroneal tendon tears comparing with the control group. The patients with ankle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to pain on the lateral side of the ankle were retrospectively analyzed using the clinical archive between July 2015 and January 2020. Peroneal tendon tears, peroneal tubercle type and size, presence of peroneal quartus, presence and type of retromalleolar groove, retromalleolar groove area, lateral malleolus type, presence of os peroneum, peroneus bre-vis-lateral malleolus distance (PBLMD), and accompanying pathologies in coronal, axial, and sagittal planes MRI were evaluated. PBLMD was measured as 27.1 +/- 12.3 mm in Group 1. With PBLMD, it was measured as 39.6 +/- 11.68 mm in Group 2. There was a significant relationship between low-lying peroneus brevis muscle and pero-neal tear (p < .001). Peroneal tendon tear was more common in patients with peroneal quartus muscle (p < .001). There was a relationship between the retromalleolar groove type and the presence of peroneal tear (p = .004). More peroneal tears were observed in the concave retromalleolar groove type. The presence of concave type retro-malleolar groove, peroneus quartus, and low-lying peroneus brevis muscle was found to be associated with pero-neal tendon tears. (c) 2022 by the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. All rights reserved.Öğe The association between different molecular weights of hyaluronic acid and CHAD, HIF-1 alpha, COL2A1 expression in chondrocyte cultures(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2018) Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Kaplan, Necati; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Karaarslan, Numan; Özbek, Hanefi; Akyuva, Yener; Kaya, Yasin EmreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of three different formulations of hyaluronic acid (HA): Low molecular weight (MW) Sinovial One((R)), medium MW Viscoplus((R)) and high MW Durolane((R)), on chondrocyte proliferation and collagen type II (COL2A1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and chondroadherin (CHAD) expression in primary chondrocyte cultures. Standard primary chondrocyte cultures were established from osteochondral tissues surgically obtained from 6 patients with gonarthrosis. Cell morphology was evaluated using an inverted light microscope; cell proliferation was determined with a MTT assay and confirmed with acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. Levels of CHAD, COL2A1 and HIF-1 alpha expression were assessed using specific TaqMan gene expression assays. The results demonstrated the positive effect of HA treatment on cell proliferation, which was independent from the MW. COL2A1 expression increased in the medium and high MW HA treated groups. It was observed that HIF-1 alpha expression increased in the high MW treated group alone. CHAD expression increased only in the medium MW HA treated group. Evaluation of gene expression revealed that levels of expression increased as the duration of HA application increased, in the medium and high MW HA treated groups. In terms of increased viability and proliferation, a longer duration of HA application was more effective. Taken together, it may be concluded that the administration of medium and high MW HA may be a successful way of treating diseases affecting chondrocytes in a clinical setting.Öğe Asymmetric bilateral hip dislocations and unilateral femoral head fracture: A CASE report(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Değirmenci, Erdem; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Özturan, Kutay EnginHip is a stabilized joint due to the surrounding ligaments, and muscles, which can dislocate as a result of high energy trauma, high-level falls, and motor vehicle accidents. Traumatic hip dislocations can either be isolated or simultaneously with acetabular and proximal femur fractures. At the same time injury of sciatic, femoral or obturator nerves can be seen. However, avascular necrosis of femoral head, posttraumatic osteoarthritis, and heterotopic ossifications can be seen as prolonged complications. The period prior to the reduction, severity of the trauma, and performing open or close reductions are the major contributors of the prognosis. As an extremely rare entity, bilateral asymmetrical hip dislocations are reported as the 0.01–0.02% of all joint dislocations. Accompanying proximal femoral fractures are pointed out 17%, one of them is femoral head fractures which are orthopedic emergencies that need to be fixed with surgery. However, high incidence of AVN is reported at the end of 2 years even if following early reductions. In our article, traumatic bilateral asymmetric hip dislocations and femoral head fracture is described in the context of a diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. © 2018 The AuthorsÖğe Distal tibia şaft kırıklarının intramedüller çivi ile tespitinde distal kilitleme seçeneklerinin koyun tibialarında biyomekanik karşılaştırılması(Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, 2014) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Işık, CengizTibia kırıklarının intramedüller çivi ile tedavisinde kullanılan çeşitli distal kilitleme metodları mevcuttur. Fakat günümüzde bu metodlardan herhangi birinin üstünlüğü konusunda görüş birliği yoktur. Distal kilitleme vidalarında, postoperatif erken yük verme halinde oluşan yetmezlik karşımıza çıkan önemli bir komplikasyondur ve ek problemlere yol açabilmektedir. Günümüzde yeni distal kilitleme metodları ile ilgili çalışmalar sürmektedir. Son zamanlarda geliştirilen DSBLS (distal kilitleme bolt vidası, TST, Türkiye) yeni geliştirilen bir distal kilitleme metodudur. Biz çalışmamızda DSBLS ile kilitleme, iki vida ile kilitleme ve üç vida ile kilitleme seçeneklerini, aksiyel yüklenme kuvvetine karşı biyomekanik olarak mukayese ettik ve aksiyel yüklenme kuvvetine karşı en dayanıklı seçeneği bulmayı amaçladık. Tüketim amacıyla kesilmiş 6 aylık koyunlardan 16 adet koyun tibiası elde edildi. Bu tibiaların her birini eklem hattının 6 cm proksimalinden osteotomize ettik ve transvers kırık hattı oluşturduk. Osteotomi hattının proksimali tüm deneklerde çalışma dışında bırakıldı. Elde edilen 16 adet distal tibia fragmanı 4 gruba ayrıldı. Her bir gruptaki 4 adet distal tibia fragmanına 8 mm kanülsüz intramedüller çivi oyma işlemi yapılmadan yerleştirdi ve farklı metodlarla distal kilitleme yapıldı. Grup 1' de 2 adet vida (2 adet mediolateral pozisyonda,ZIMED marka), grup 2' de 3 adet vida (2 mediolateral,1 anteroposterior pozisyonda,ORTHOFIX marka), grup 3' te DSBLS (TST marka) ve grup 4' te grup 2' dekilere göre daha küçük çaplı 3 adet vida (2 mediolateral, 1 anteroposterior pozisyonda,TIPMED marka) kullanılarak distal kilitleme yapıldı. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Teknik Eğitim Fakültesi CadCam laboratuarında, Üniversal Çekme – Basma Test Cihazı ile hazırlanan deneklerin her birine ayrı ayrı aksiyel yüklenme uygulandı. Her bir denekte distal vida kırılması ile birlikte test sonlandırıldı. Her bir denekten kuvvet, zaman ve deformasyon verileri alındı ve bu veriler istatistiksel olarak mukayese edildi. Aldığımız istatistik sonuçlarına göre, aksiyel yüklenme karşısında, distal kilitleme bolt vidası ile kilitleme seçeneğini (DSBLS, grup 3), çalışmamızda yer verdiğimiz ikili (grup 1) ve üçlü (grup 2, 4) kilitleme seçeneklerinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde üstün bulduk. Bunun yanı sıra üçlü kilitleme metodunu (grup 2, 4) ikili kilitleme metoduna (grup 1) göre anlamlı şekilde üstün bulduk. Üçlü kilitleme metodlarını (grup 2, 4) kendi aralarında mukayese ettiğimizde vida kor çapı daha yüksek olan grup 2' nin grup 3' e göre daha üstün olduğu sonucuna ulaştık.Öğe Diz Osteoartritinde İntraartiküler Hyalüronik Asit ve Tenoksikamın Ağrı ve Diz Eklem Fonksiyonları Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması(2018) Özkiliç, Recai; Kuru, Tolgahan; Ipek, Serdar; Keskin, Ekrem; Işik, Memet Cengiz; Kaya, Yasin EmreAmaç: Bu çalışmada gonartrozlu hastalarda intraartiküler hyalüronik asit (HA) vetenoksikam uygulanmasının eklem hareket açıklığı (EHA) ve ağrı üzerine etkilerininkarşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Hastalar ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma prospektif, randomize olmayan kontrollü ve tekkör olarak planlanmıştır. ACR (American College of Rheumatology) kritelerine göreGrade II ve Grade III osteoartrit (OA) tanısı konulmuş 60 hasta çalışmaya ardışıkolarak alındı. Hastalar iki gruba ayrılarak birinci gruba birer hafta arayla 3 doz intraartiküler HA, diğer gruba ise tek doz intraartiküler tenoksikam uygulandı. Gruplarıntedavi öncesi ve sonrası VAS ve EHA değerleri karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: HA Grubu’nda yer alan hastaların 20’si (%66.6) kadın, 10’u (%33.3)erkekti ve bu hastaların yaş ortalaması 59.6 (yaş aralığı 45-75) yıl idi. TenoksikamGrubu'nda yer alan hastaların 24’ü (%80) kadın, 6’sı (%20) erkekti ve bu grubunyaş ortalası 61.5 (yaş aralığı 45-75) yıl idi. Tedavi sonrası her iki grupta da tedaviöncesine göre 1. Gün, 15. Gün, 1. ay, 2. ay ve 3. ay değerlerinde VAS, dizin fleksiyonve ekstansiyon EHA’sında artış saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Gruplar arası değişim miktarları karşılaştırıldığında, erken dönemde Tenoksikam Grubu’ndaki değişiklikler dahabelirgindi fakattedavi sonrası 3. ay değerlerinde iki grup açısından fark saptanmadı(p>0.05).Sonuç: Grade 2-3 diz OA’li hastalarda intraartikuler HA ve tenoksikam uygulamalarının etkin ve güvenilir yöntemler olduğu; fakat tenoksikamın HA’ya gÖğe Do repeated surgical interventions in patients with lumbar paraspinal Ewing's sarcoma increase survival by supporting pharmacological treatment? A comprehensive systematic review(2022) Yilmaz, Ibrahim; Karaarslan, Numan; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Somay, HakanAim: To present the medical and surgical treatment of a patient who was diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma \r(EWS) in the paraspinal region and was operated on, in line with a comprehensive systematic literature review.\rMethod: A comprehensive and systematic literature search of electronic databases was performed. Keywords \rused were “EWS” and “EWS treatment”. Randomized, controlled clinical trials were included in the study. \rLetters to the editor, bibliographies, reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. In addition, our EWS case was \rpresented in full detail.\rResults As a results of a comprehensive and systematic literature search of electronic databases, the full texts \rof the appropriate 323 studies conducted between the years 1786 to 2021 were retrieved and evaluated. In the \rcase we present here, the expandable mass was largely excised together with the invasive skin tissue. \rImmunohistochemical examination of the excised tumor tissue using vimentin antibody revealed that the mass \rwas compatible with EWS, a mesenchymal malignant tumor. \rConclusion: Many different pharmacological agents can be administered in different posologies and different \rcombinations before and after paraspinal/paravertebral lumbar surgery of EWS. Further studies containing \rmore cases from different races, gender must be performed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of repeated \rsurgical interventions of patients with EWS due to recurrence and/or residue, which may positively contribute \rto patient's survival and prognosis by giving more time to standard chemotherapy.Öğe Does nimodipine, a selective calcium channel blocker, impair chondrocyte proliferation or damage extracellular matrix structures?(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2019) Kaplan, Necati; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Karaarslan, Numan; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Şirin, Duygu Y.; Özbek, HanefiBackground: The study aimed to investigate the effects of the active ingredient, nimodipine, on chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) structures in cartilage tissue cells. Methods: Chondrocyte cultures were prepared from tissues resected via surgical operations. Nimodipine was then applied to these cultures and molecular analysis was performed. The data obtained were statistically calculated. Results: Both, the results of the (3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay and the fluorescence microscope analysis [a membrane permeability test carried out with acridine orange/propidium iodide staining (AO/PI)] confirmed that the active ingredient, nimodipine, negatively affects the cell cultures. Conclusion: Nimodipine was reported to suppress cellular proliferation; chondroadherin (CHAD) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) expression thus decreased by 2.4 and 1.7 times, respectively, at 24 hrs when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, type II collagen (COL2A1) expression was not detected (p < 0.05). The risk that a drug prescribed by a clinician in an innocuous manner to treat a patient by relieving the symptoms of a disease may affect the proliferation, differentiation, and viability of other cells and/or tissues at the molecular level, beyond its known side effects or adverse events, should not be forgotten.Öğe Does transcription factor, induced by daptomycin and vancomycin, affect HIF-1?, Chondroadherin, and COL2A1?(2018) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Özbek, Hanefi; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Akyuva, Yener; Kaplan, NecatiAim: In this study, it was firstly aimed to investigate the effect of Daptomycin (DAP) on the proliferation in Vancomycin (VCM)-administered primary chondrocyte cultures and non-drug-administered primary chondrocyte cultures. Our second objective was to investigate the effects of DAP and VCM on the NP-specific marker protein chondroadherin (CHAD), which is associated with spinal cord and dorsal column growth, on the transcription factor-1 alpha (HIF-1?), which is induced by hypoxia, and on a type II collagen (COL2A1), which is also known to play a significant role in the development of extracellular matrix, at the pharmaco-molecular level. Material and Methods: Standard human primary chondrocyte cultures were established. DAP and VCM were added to the samples. In all groups, molecular analysis was performed at 0th, 24th and 48th hours. In addition, the surface morphology of the cells was evaluated. Results: Changes in cell morphology and cell death in cultures were observed 24 hours after administration of antibiotics to cell cultures. It was observed that drug administration was associated with the cell viability and that cell viability rate for two antibiotics was similar at the 0th and 48th hours. The expression of three genes decreased at the 24th hour in the experimental group where DAP was administered. Conclusion: Thanks to this molecular-based research, it should not be forgotten that DAP and VCM active pharmacological agents, especially used in the treatment of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus induced surgical infections, have a negative effect on human chondrocyte and ECM components.Öğe The effect of early tranexamic acid administration on hemoglobin levels after unstablepelvic fracture: An experimental study in rats(2021) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Arikan, Emre; Özturan, Kutay Engin; Değirmenci, Erdem; Ayanoğlu, Tacettin; Yis, Özgür MehmetAim: To investigate the effect of early systemic tranexamic acid (TRA) administration on hemoglobin (Hb)levels in rats with pelvic fracture. Method: In our study, 30 Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups in equal numbers and theirhemoglobin levels were measured by taking blood samples from each. No trauma was applied to the first groupand it was taken as the main control group of the study. Closed bilateral unstable pelvic fractures were createdin all rats in groups 2 and 3. Fracture creation time is considered as minute 0. 10 minutes after the fracture was formed, TRA was given to the 1st group, TRA to the 2nd group and saline solution to the 3rd groupsystemically. Hemoglobin levels were measured by taking blood samples from all rats at 30th minute and 24thhour. The initial Hb values obtained were normalized to 100 and the percentages of 30th minute and 24th hourvalues were calculated. The initial, 30th minute and 24th hour values of all groups were compared statisticallywith each other. The 30th minute and 24th hour values were compared statistically between the groups. Results: No death was observed within 24 hours in all three groups. When the first Hb values of each groupare normalized to 100, the mean Hb percentages were calculated in the first group as 99.54 and 99.84 at 30minutes and 24 hour, respectively; 92.95 and 87.73 in the second group; and 87.95 and 73.16 in the third group.When these values obtained were compared statistically within the groups (initial, 30th minute, 24th hour Hb percentages), there was no significant difference between the initial, 30th minute and 24th hour values in group1. However, a statistically significant difference was found between the initial, 30th minute and 24th hourvalues in group 2 and 3 (p<0.01). In the comparison between the groups, a statistically significant differencewas found between group 1-2, group 1-3 and group 2-3 between both 30th minute and 24th hour values(p<0.01). Conclusion: In rats with bilateral unstable pelvic fractures due to blunt pelvis trauma, early administration ofTRA after trauma significantly reduced the first 24-hour decrease in Hb value. Our study supports the earlyand prehospital use of TRA in traumas that are predicted to progress with acute bleeding, such as unstablepelvic fractures.Öğe Effect of sedation anesthesia on kinesiophobia and early outcomes after total knee arthroplasty(Sage Publications Ltd, 2020) Değirmenci, Erdem; Özturan, Kutay Engin; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Akkaya, Akcan; YÜcel, IstemiBackground: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) operation is an effective treatment method in severe osteoarthritis worldwide. However, the number of patients with chronic pain and functional limitations in the postoperative period will continue to increase. Kinesiphobia is an important factor that affects the functional outcomes postoperatively. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of intraoperative consciousness of the patients during surgery on kinesiophobia development and early functional outcomes of TKA. Methods: Sixty patients with the diagnosis of primary knee osteoarthritis were enrolled in the study. Tampa Scale of Kinesiophabia (TSK) was obtained for each patient at multiple time periods. Regional anaesthesia and deep sedation were performed on group 1 (n = 30), while regional anaesthesia and light sedation were performed on group 2 (n = 30). The same surgical procedures were applied to all participants. Functional tests were performed on the patients at the postoperative 2nd and 5th days. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and knee flexion angles were also measured postoperatively. Results: The mean age of the participants (19 men (31.7%) and 41women (68.3%)) was 67.7 +/- 6.7 (54-82) years. TSK >= 40 was detected in 18 (30%) patients preoperatively and 33 patients (55%) postoperatively. The number of kinesiophobic patients showed statistically significant increase after operation (20/30 (66.7%)) according to preoperative period (9/30 (30%)) in group 2 (p = 0.003). Postoperative functional scores, knee flexion angles and VAS scores were better in non-kinesiophobic patients. Conclusion: Patient's consciousness during TKA operations is an important factor that interferes with the postoperative kinesiophobia development, which may play a pivotal role affecting the early mobility and functional outcomes.Öğe Effects of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor receptor fusion protein, on primary cell cultures prepared from intact human intervertebral disc tissue(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2019) Çalışkan, Tezcan; Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Kaya, Yasin EmreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of etanercept (ETA), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor, on human cell cultures prepared from intact intervertebral disc tissue. ETA is used as a treatment for cases of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis accompanied by moderate or severe joint pain. ETA was applied to primary cell cultures [annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus (NP) from intact intervertebral disc tissue]. Cell cultures without ETA treatment served as the control group. Morphological and quantitative molecular analyses of the two groups were performed. The number of viable cells and cell proliferation decreased in the ETA-treated cultures as compared with those in the control group. Furthermore, in the treatment group, the chondroadherin gene, an NP-specific marker, was not expressed after 24 h. By contrast, the cartilage oligo matrix protein was expressed 24, 48 and 72 h post-ETA treatment, while its expression was significantly lower than that in the control group. In addition, the expression of interleukin-1 beta, as well as matrix metallopeptidase-7 and -19, was markedly decreased. Overall, the cell proliferation and gene expression in the ETA-treated cells were significantly different from those in the control group (P<0.05). These results suggest that the treatment duration and dosage of TNF inhibitors, which are used to suppress active inflammation, should be considered in the clinical setting. These biological agents may delay the healing of intervertebral disc tissue damage by slowing cell proliferation and altering gene expression via anabolic and catabolic pathways.Öğe Effects of tranexamic acid on the recovery of osteochondral defects treated by microfracture and acellular matrix scaffold: An experimental study(Bmc, 2019) Değirmenci, Erdem; Özturan, Kutay Engin; Şahin, Abdullah Alper; Yılmaz, Fahri; Kaya, Yasin EmreBackground: Microfracture and scaffold application in the treatment of osteochondral defects is still one of the most frequently used methods in the clinic. The most important step in this treatment method is the stabilization of fibrin clot Tranexamic acid (TA) is an antifibrinolytic agent commonly used in orthopedic surgery in recent years. This study evaluated the effect of local TA application on healing of experimentally induced osteochondral defects on rabbits. Methods: This paper contains an animal in vivo data and histological outcomes on the effect of TA. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were treated unilaterally and cylindrical defects having a width of 4 mm and depth of 5 mm were created in the weight-bearing surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the right femur. They were divided into two groups, as group 1 study and group 2 control groups, respectively. One milliliter (ml) of TA was injected into the knee joints of the subjects in group 1. All animals were sacrificed for the extraction of the femur condyles for histologic study at the fourth and eighth weeks after surgery. Histological evaluations were performed by Brittberg and O'Driscoll scores to all samples. Data were organized in a Standard Statistical Package System v.22 software package (SPSS/PC Inc., Chicago, IL) and reported as mean and median (min-max). Repeated measures ANOVA test was used to compare groups and condyle effects together for each week. p values below 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Samples were taken in the fourth and eighth weeks. The regularity of the surface in group 1 was smoother, and the tissue stability was more robust. Mean Brittberg scores in both weeks were statistically higher in group 1 when compared with group 2. In the microscopic evaluation, it was observed that the regeneration of subchondral and cartilage tissues were more rapid and organized in group 1, and the mean O' Driscoll scores in both weeks were statistically higher in group 1. Conclusions: Application of TA improves the healing time and tissue stability in osteochondral defects which are implanted a-cellular scaffold after microfracture and should be applicable to humans for the treatment of osteochondral defects.Öğe An evaluation of gabapentin and pregabalin usage in the treatment of neuropathic pain related to spinal cord injury(2019) Kaya, Yasin EmreAim: In the present study, we aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of gabapentin and pregabalin, which are believed to be safe and well-tolerated and have analgesic, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic effects, in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury despite their high side effect profiles. Material and Methods: A literature search of numerous electronic databases was performed. A combination of key words was used to retrieve studies published until November 1, 2018 correlated with the point of interest. The key words used were as follows: “spinal cord injury,” “neuropathic pain,” “gabapentin,” and “pregabalin.” Studies that met the inclusion criteria and were Level of I clinical trials were included in the study. The included studies were statistically evaluated. Results: In total, 125,515 publications were retrieved using the aforementioned key words. 19 studies on the use of gabapentin and pregabalin for the treatment of neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury were retrieved through. Conclusion: Studies suggested that available treatment modalities did not provide satisfactory outcomes for patients with neuropathic pain related to spinal cord injury. However, gabapentin and pregabalin were preferred as the first-line drugs in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The efficacy of gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury has only been investigated in a few recent studies; data in these studies are not sufficiently clear and will need further clarification.Öğe Evaluation of the expression and proliferation of degenerative markers in primary cell cultures obtained from human intervertebral disc tissue(2020) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Akalan, Hande; Yılmaz, İbrahi?m; Karaarslan, Numan; Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Özbek, HanefiAim: A major cause of low back pain is disc degeneration. Nevertheless, no specific and reliable markers of the degeneration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) are available. This presented study aimed to examine changes in the expressions of genes in primary cell cultures isolated from intact and degenerated tissues to give insights into the biopathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue. Material and Methods: Tissues of eight patients (n = 8; average age: 41.74 ± 9.86 years) were resected through microdiscectomy, and primary cell cultures were prepared using degenerated disc tissue. The cultured degenerated tissues served as the study group. The samples in the control group comprised the intact tissues of patients (n = 8; average age: 38.68 ± 7.91 years) resected following a trauma. Morphology of the cell surface were evaluated using an inverted light/fluorescent microscopy at 0 and 24 h on days 10 and 21. The expressions of the chondroadherin (CHAD), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and MMP-19 genes were evaluated using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: The four genes investigated, except COMP (P > 0.05), changed significantly in primary cell cultures isolated from degenerative IVD tissues. This result was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The gene expressions in the samples derived from intact IVD tissues changed markedly and these changes were associated with proliferation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Analyzing the changes in gene expression levels associated with IVD should contribute to future studies on the prevention and treatment of such pathologies. The data obtained from the present study will shed light on cellular-based personal targeted therapies through which genetic information can be transmitted to cells.Öğe In-vitro evaluation of the effects of tigecycline on annulus firosus and nucleus pulposus(2020) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Yılmaz, İbrahiM; Karaarslan, Numan; Bilir, Bülent; Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Özbek, HanefiAim: This study aimed to examine the effects of tigecycline on primary cell cultures established using intervertebral disc tissues. Material and Methods: Primary Annulus Fibrosus and Nucleus Pulposus cultures were obtained from human intervertebral disc tissue. Untreated samples served as the control group, and treated samples served as the study group. Treated and untreated samples were statistically evaluated using an alpha signifiance value of < 0.05. Results: Proliferation and gene expression decreased in the tigecycline administered cultures when compared to the control group samples (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Drugs used in clinics may have side effects other than those indicated in their package insert.Öğe Inclination and Alsberg angle changes in hip degenerative arthritis(2021) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Meyvaci, Seda SertelAim: To compare the inclination and Alsberg angles of both hips in patients with unilateral coxarthrosis andhealthy population.Methods: 89 patients who underwent total hip replacement due to end-stage unilateral idiopathic coxarthrosisbetween 2016 and 2019 in Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Orthopedics and Traumatology Departmentand had preoperative pelvic anteroposterior radiographs were included in the study. A total of 87 patients withpelvic radiographs taken due to low back pain or minor trauma were included in the study as control group.Patients with bilateral end-stage coxarthrosis, any lower extremity fractures, secondary coxarthrosis caused byany reasons like Perthes disease, trauma, avascular necrosis, hematologic disease etc. and unsuitableradiographs were excluded from the study. Two researchers took the measurements separately and the averageswere considered and the results were analyzed statistically.Results: Statistically significant differences were detected between the right side and the left side in terms ofboth Alsberg and hip inclination values in individuals of healthy control group. In patients with unilateralosteoarthritis, no significant differences were detected between right and left sides in terms of hip inclinationvalues. Similarly, no significant difference was found between the right and left sides in terms of Alsbergvalues in patients with unilateral osteoarthritis. The Alsberg angle was found to be higher at statisticallysignificant levels in patients with unilateral hip osteoarthritis, in both the osteoarthritis side and thecontralateral hip, compared to the values in healthy individuals.Conclusion: When compared with healthy individuals, it was concluded that the Alsberg and inclinationangles changed with the development of unilateral coxarthrosis. While significant differences were detectedbetween the sides for Alsberg and inclination angle in healthy individuals, this difference between the sideswas not observed in the coxarthrosis groups. With the development of unilateral coxarthrosis, it was concludedthat the asymmetry between the right and left sides of healthy individuals disappeared and a more symmetricalstructure emerged in terms of Alsberg and hip inclination angles.Öğe Investigating the magnetic resonance imaging cross-section area that best correlates with intraoperative hamstring autograft size(Turkish Assoc Orthopaedics Traumatology, 2022) Ayanoğlu, Tacettin; Arıkan, Emre; Yılmaz, Onur; Gökkuş, Halil; Kaya, Yasin Emre; Özturan, Kutay EnginObjective: This study aimed to find out the level of the gracilis and semitendinosus tendons that would provide the closest information about the size of the quadruple-stranded hamstring autograft using magnetic resonance images before anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods: Ninety-six patients (44 males, 52 females) who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadruple hamstring tendon autografts between January 2015 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The cross-sectional areas of the gracilis and the semitendinosus tendons at 6 different levels (pes anserinus insertion site, tibial tuberosity, fibular head, tibial plateau, and the proximal insertion sites of the anterior cruciate ligament and the medial collateral ligament were measured on the magnetic resonance images. In addition, the harvested hamstring tendons were measured together (quadrupled) using a standardized graft-sizing block. Results: There was no significant difference between genders in terms of the tendon sizes measured in all levels using magnetic resonance images. There was a strong correlation between the graft size and the measurements made at the tibial plateau level (P <.0001, r = 0.590). Conclusion: Intraoperative quadruple hamstring tendon sizes were most correlated with the magnetic resonance image measurements at the tibial plateau level. To use a hamstring autograft with a diameter of at least 8 mm for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, the total area of the 2 tendons should be at least 18.11 mm2 in the magnetic resonance image measurements made at the tibial plateau level.Öğe Investigation of the effect of dipyrone on cells isolated from intervertebral disc tissue(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2019) Akgün, Feride Sinem; Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Karaarslan, Numan; Özbek, Hanefi; Kaya, Yasin EmreThe present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dipyrone, an indispensable analgesic, anti-pyretic and anti-spasmodic used in emergency departments, on nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus cells in vitro. After surgical biopsy, primary cell cultures were prepared from intact intervertebral disc tissues. Dipyrone was administered to the cultures in the experimental groups except for the control group. The data obtained were statistically evaluated. The proliferation was identified to be suppressed via MTT analysis. The gene expression profile of the intervertebral disc cells in the dipyrone-treated groups was significantly changed. The expression of chondroadherin, cartilage oligo matrix protein, interleukin-1 beta and metalloproteinase (MMP)-19 genes were decreased, but MMP-13 and MMP-7 genes expressions were increased, as determined via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. AO/PI staining revealed that no apoptotic or other type of cell death was detectable after administration of dipyrone does not mean that the drug is innocuous. The occurrence of cellular senescence and/or the halt of cell proliferation may also be important mechanisms underlying the adverse inhibitory effects of dipyrone. Therefore, prior to administering dipyrone in clinical practice, all possible adverse effects of this drug should be considered.Öğe Investigation of the effects of methylphenidate, an amphetamine derivative, on ıntervertebral disc tissue cell cultures and matrix structures(2019) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Karaarslan, Numan; Sirin, Duygu Yaşar; Özbek, Hanefi; Kaplan, NecatiAIM: To investigate the effects of methylphenidate (MPH), on intervertebral disc tissue (IVD) cell cultures and extracellular matrix structures. Changes in the expression of some important marker genes involved in anabolic and catabolic mechanisms of IVD extracellular matrix formation were also evaluated. MATERIAL and METHODS: Primary cultures of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and annulus fibrosus cells (AFCs) were isolated from tissues obtained from the operated patients. Cell viability and proliferation were tested, and the cell surface morphologies were evaluated by microscopy. The expressions of the chondroadherin (CHAD), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -7 and MMP-19 genes were evaluated using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The viability and proliferation of intervertebral disc tissue cells decreased in response to MPH treatment and the expression of the investigated genes also changed. CONCLUSION: The data obtained from in-vitro studies may not directly adaptable to clinical applications. However, the fact that the central nervous system stimulant MPH can suppress proliferation of cells derived from IVD tissue should be considered carefully by clinicians.Öğe Investigation of the effects of tigecycline, a semi-synthetic derivative of minocycline, on chondrocyte cultures(2020) Kaya, Yasin Emre; Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Sirin, Duygu Yaşar; Yaman, Onur; Özbek, Hanefi; Ateş, ÖzkanAbstract Aim: Although antibiotics are generally well-tolerated, they may have cytotoxic effects. The present randomized, double-blind, in vitro study aimed to investigate the effects of tigecycline on cartilage tissue cells and the extracellular matrix. Material and Methods: Cartilage tissues of patients (n = 8) were used for the preparation of primary cell cultures. Tigecycline-treated cell cultures served as the study group. Non-treated cell cultures served as the control group. Analyses were performed at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h in both groups. The results obtained were statistically evaluated. The alpha significance value was determined to be 0.05. Results: Proliferation remained unchanged in the tigecycline-treated cell cultures. The gene expressions of the markers involved in anabolic pathways increased in the tigecycline-treated cell cultures. The results obtained were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although tigecycline had no toxic effect on the chondrocyte cell cultures and caused no damage to the extracellular matrix, the present study was performed in an in vitro environment.
