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Öğe Calcium antagonists in N-methyl D-aspartate-induced retinal injury(Springer-Verlag, 2003) Kaya, Murat; Tunç, Murat; Özdemir, Talha; Altuntaş, İrfanPurpose: To detect the neuroprotective role of nimodipine and dantrolene in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal injury. Methods: In this study we used two calcium antagonists which have two different modes of action, nimodipine and dantrolene, to prevent NMDA-induced retinal ischemia in guinea pigs. In 40 animals we injected nimodipine (n=10), dantrolene (n=10), a combination of both (n=10) or sterile 0.9% NaCl solution as a placebo (n=10) before intravitreal injection of NMDA. We enucleated one eye of each animal after 48 hours and performed histopathologic examination. We also measured malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in retinal homogenates as a marker of ischemic injury. Results: Our results indicate that ganglion cells of the retina were preserved mostly by nimodipine, followed by combined nimodipine-dantrolene, and dantrolene respectively. The ganglion cell count was statistically significantly higher in cases where we used calcium antagonists than in the control group (p<0.05). We also found that MDA was significantly reduced by calcium antagonists compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our data show that nimodipine and dantrolene both have potential neuroprotective effects; nimodipine preserved retinal ganglion cells to a greater extent than dantrolene from NMDA-induced retinal injury.Öğe Nimodipine aggravates systemic kainic acid toxicity in retinal ganglion cells of intact mice(2000) Gepdiremen, Akçahan Akçahan; Kaya, Murat; Koçer, İbrahim; Gündoğdu, CemalThe aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the L-type voltage dependent Ca2+ channel blocker, nimodipine, in kainate induced toxicity in retinal ganglion cells of mice. Kainate in 10mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally following the vehicle or nimodipine. Nimodipine, 45 minutes prior to kainate in 10, 15, 25, 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg doses was administered intraperitoneally. Surprisingly, nimodipine potentiated the ganglional cell death induced by kainate, with respect to the control and kainate+vehicle treated group. In accordance with our results, blockage of L-type calcium channels by nimodipine may worsen the prognosis and survival of retinal neurons in kainate receptor stimulated toxicity. Blocking of calcium channels may lead to the rebound activation of sodium channels or stimulate the release of intracellular calcium by activating ryanodine sensitive calcium channels.Öğe Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and auricular hypoplasia: associated with juvenile colloid milium or ligneous conjunctivitis?(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2005) Kavak, Ayşe; Kaya, Murat; Alper, Murat; Çam, Meryem; Büyükbabani, Nesimi; Bilen, Abdurrahman; Sılan, FatmaThe exact nature of amyloid-like hyaline material deposits in the skin is not well understood in some disorders. Three of those - ligneous conjunctivitis, ligneous periodontitis and colloid milium - have been rarely reported in a same patient. We report a case of mucosal and skin deposits of an amyloid-like homogeneous material associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and congenital auricular hypoplasia. We discussed and reviewed the literature on these unique associations to determine whether these are the same pathological process. We also noted whether this case represents a new syndrome or a coincidental association.Öğe Posterior sub-tenon's capsule triamcinolone injection combined with focal laser photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema(Elsevier Science Inc, 2005) Tunç, Murat; Önder, Halil İbrahim; Kaya, MuratPurpose: To investigate the efficacy of posterior sub-Tenon's capsule triamcinolone injection (PSTI) combined with focal laser (FL) photocoagulation in treatment of diffuse clinically significant diabetic macular edema (CSME). Design: Prospective randomized clinical study. Participants: Sixty patients with diffuse CSME. Methods: We randomized the patients who had CSME into 2 treatment groups. A total of 30 eyes received macular focal and grid laser photocoagulation (MP), and the second group of 30 eyes received FL photocoagulation combined with PSTI (FL + PSTI). Clinical and visual evaluations were performed at baseline and 12 and 18 weeks after treatment, and the results were compared by statistical methods. Mean Outcome Measures: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual acuity (VA) scores and clinical changes in macular edema. Results: Before treatment, mean ETDRS VA scores were 45.9 +/- 12.7 (mean +/- standard deviation [SD]; range, 24-66) in MP (focal + grid laser) and 44.5 +/- 12.6 (range, 22-66) in the FL + PSTI group. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scores at 18 weeks were 46.4 +/- 14.2 (range, 20-70) after MP and 52.5 +/- 17.5 (range, 22-82) after FL + PSTI. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scores significantly improved in eyes that received FL + PSTI (P = 0.0001, paired t test). The FL + PSTI group had an increase of 12.4 +/- 7.1 (range, 5-26) ETDRS letters, and the MP group had an increase of 7.8 +/- 3.1 (range, 5-15) letters (P = 0.04, unpaired t test). Twelve of 30 (40%) cases in the MP group and 24 of 30 (80%) cases in the FL + PSTI group showed clinical improvement in macular edema according to the stereoscopic evaluation of fundus and fluorescein angiography (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Posterior sub-Tenon's capsule application of triamcinolone may improve early visual outcome in diffuse diabetic macular edema when combined with FL photocoagulation.Öğe Sturge-Weber sendromunda diffüz koroidal hemanjioma eşlik eden tek taraflı hipotansif glokom(2003) Bilen, Abdurrahman; Kaya, Murat; Tunç, MuratAmaç: Bir olgu nedeniyle Sturge-Weber sendromu ile hipotansif glokom birlikteliğinin irdelenmesi. Gereç ve Yöntem : Olgu sunumu. Bulgular: Sağ yüz ve periorbital bölgeyi tutan nevus flammeuslu hastada diffüz koroidal hemanjiom mevcuttu. Göz içi basıncı (GİB) normal olmasına karşın sağ gözde C/D oranı 0,8, sol gözde 0,2 idi. Görme alanı her iki gözde normaldi. Sonuç: Normal veya sınırda GlB ve normal görme alanı muayenesine karşın C/D oranı yüksekliğiyle hipotansif glokom gelişebilir. Olgumuz göstermektedir ki Sturge -Weber sendromunda antiglokom tedavinin erken dönemde düzenlenmesi önemlidir.Öğe Vertical conjunctival bridge flaps in pterygium surgery(Slack Inc, 2003) Kaya, Murat; Tunç, MuratBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the recurrence rates and clinical outcome following pterygium surgery using a vertical conjunctival bridge flap technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 500 patients operated on for primary or recurrent pterygium during 6 years (between 1994 and 2000). Following receipt of informed consent, the patients were randomly distributed into two treatment groups: 250 patients were operated on using a vertical conjunctival bridge flap technique (Group 1) and the remaining 250 patients were operated on using a bare sclera technique (Group 2). Demographic characteristics of the patients were compared by analysis of variance. The mean follow-up period was 16 months, with a minimum of 6 months. The intraoperative and postoperative complications and recurrence rates were compared for each group. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in age and gender distribution of the patients between the two groups (P > .05). The most common intraoperative complication was a broken or irregular flap, which was seen in 6 of 250 cases (2%) in the vertical conjunctival bridge flap group. The recurrence rate was 2% in the vertical conjunctival bridge flap group compared with 40% in the bare sclera group (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The vertical conjunctival bridge flap technique is a safe and effective method in pterygium surgery and offers low recurrence rates.
