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Öğe Covid-19 Sıkıntısı ve Bilişsel Hatalar Arasındaki İlişkide Bilişsel Esneklik ve Kontrolün Aracı Rolü(2022) Süren, Hasibe Arıcan; Kafadar, HaticePsikolojik tedavi sırasında bireylerin kaygıdan etkilenen bilişsel hatalarının azaltılmasına yönelik uygulamalar kişinin günlük yaşamını sürdürmesinde kolaylaştırıcı bir etkiye sahip olabilir. Bilişsel hataların günlük yaşamda odaklanma, bellek gibi alanlarda sorunların azalması için önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 ile ilişkili kaygı ile bilişsel durum arasındaki ilişkide duygular üzerinde bilişsel kontrol ve başa çıkma esnekliğinin aracılık etkisinin ile incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları 351 kadın, 234 erkek olmak üzere toplam 585 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Yaş aralığı 18-64 olup, katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 32.08 (S= 10.92)’dir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları 314 erkek, 494 kadın olmak üzere toplam 808 kişiden oluşmakta olup yaş ortalaması 33.14 (SS= 11.74)’tür. Aracılık analizi için Hayes (2014) ‘in 4. Modeli SPSS’te PROCESS Macro kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda Covid-19 kaygısı ile bilişsel hatalar ilişkisine bilişsel kontrolün aracılık ettiği bulunmuştur. Mevcut çalışmanın sonuçlarının bireylerin bilişsel esneklik ve kontrol becerilerinin çalışılmasının kaygı ve bilişsel hataların azaltılmasında önemli rol oynayabileceği ve sağlık politikalarının ve gerekli bireysel müdahalelerin planlanmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.Öğe Decision-making under stress: Executive functions, analytical intelligence, somatic markers, and personality traits in young adults(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Yılmaz, Selin; Kafadar, HaticeThe main goal of the study was to scrutinize mediating and moderating mechanisms identified in line with the predictions of Somatic Marker Hypothesis (SMH) and Dual Process Theory of the effect of acute stress on decision making. The sample group of the research comprised of 61 (31 females, 30 males) healthy university students aged between 18 and 23 (x = 21, SD = 1.28). Data measurement tools were Skin Conductance Response Measurement, Iowa Gambling Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Wechsler Memory Scale-III Spatial Span Subtest, Stroop Test TBAG Form, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Matrix Reasoning Subtest, Stress Rating Scale, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Big Five Personality Traits Scale, Ways of Coping Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory. The findings indicated that acute stress gives rise to decision-making failures by suppressing the SCR emphasized in SMH and mental processes defined in System 2. Furthermore, neuroticism had a moderating role in the relationship between stress and decision-making. Accordingly, the abovementioned theories cannot separately be sufficient to explain decision-making under stress; but, the predictions of these theories can complement each other to thoroughly make out the physiological and cognitive mechanisms of decision-making.Öğe Effects of the IQ up cognitive development method on the cognitive development of 10-to 12-year-old children(Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Kafadar, Hatice; Akıncı, Zafer; Çakır, BelginWe examined the effectiveness of the IQ Up Cognitive Development Method, which was designed to solve various problems that may emerge from cognitive processing in daily life, in healthy children. The IQ Up Cognitive Development Method is a cognitive-training program designed to improve the cognitive processing of participants. To this end, 201 healthy participants between 10 and 12 years of age were included in the research. Experimental and control groups were tested before and after experimental manipulation. Neuropsychological tests measuring cognitive processes such as memory, attention, problem solving, general ability, planning, and working memory were administered to the participants in both the experimental and the control groups before the experimental manipulation. Following these tests, 131 participants in the experimental group took part in the IQ Up Cognitive Development Method for 30 days, 5 days a week, 45 minutes per day. Participants in the control group did not receive any training. At the next stage, the neuropsychological tests were again administered to the participants in both the experimental and the control groups. The istatistical analyses demonstrated that the IQ Up Cognitive Training Program affects the cognitive development of children positively. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Öğe Examining the Relationship Between Coronavirus Anxiety and Cognitive Failures(Istanbul Universitesi, 2022) Arıcan, Hasibe; Kafadar, HaticeObjective: Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it is critical to look at the impact of high levels of worry and stress on people’s cognitive health. This study examines the relationship between anxi-ety, despair, and perception of threat as coronavirus disease 2019 distress and cognitive failures. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 818 people aged between 18 and 81 years. Structural equation modeling was carried out to reveal the existing relationships. In addition, demographic variables that predict cognitive failures during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic period are expressed in the simple linear regression analysis. Finally, an independent samples t-test was applied according to gender for anxiety, despair, perception of threat, cognitive failures, perception, attention, forgetting, and motor functioning. Results: The results obtained from the structural equation modeling show that the coronavirus disease 2019 distress latent variables (anxiety, despair, and perception of threat) predict perception, attention, forgetting, and motor functioning during the pandemic period. It was found that cognitive failures were predicted by age, gender, educational status, media exposure, having a chronic disease, and compliance with hygiene rules. Conclusion: In cognitive failures total score, perception, forgetting, attention, and motor functioning men exhibit more cognitive failures than women during the pandemic period. Women have higher anxiety and perception of threat scores than men. © Author(s).Öğe Genç yetişkinlerde karar verme ve akıcı zeka arasındaki ilişki: Kurulumu değiştirme, planlama, problem çözme ve çalışma belleğinin aracı rolü(Istanbul Universitesi, 2019) Yılmaz, Selin; Kafadar, HaticeObjective: In the literature, the studies investigating the relationship between fluid intelligence and decision-making have yielded contradictory results. The main aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of set-shifting, planning and problem solving and working memory in the association between fluid intelligence and decision making. Method: Overall, 100 healthy participants (59 female and 41 male), took part in the study. The mean age of the participants was 20.42 years (SD = 1.37). Decision making, fluid intelligence, set-shifting, planning and problem solving and working memory were measured via the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT), Raven Standard Progressive Matrices Test (RSPM), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Tower of London Test (TOLDX), Wechsler Memory Scale-III Letter-Number Sequencing Subtest (LNS) respectively, all of which were administered individually. Results: The data were analyzed via Structural Equation Model (SEM). The mediation model showed that set-shifting, planning and problem solving and working memory capacity have a mediator role in the association between fluid intelligence and decision-making. Conclusion: This study is important to understand the sources of the relationship between decision-making and fluid intelligence. The results show that set-shifting, planning and problem solving and working memory increase with the increase of fluid intelligence, and it also supports increase in decision-making performance. © 2019, Istanbul Universitesi. All rights reserved.Öğe Investigating the relationship between decision-making processes and cognitive processes, personality traits, and affect via the structural equation model in young adults(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Yılmaz, Selin; Kafadar, HaticeThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between decision making and set-shifting, working memory, planning, selective attention, personality and affect, and to investigate these relations with the help of the structural equation model (SEM). A total of 100 participants, 59 female and 41 male, participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 20.42 years (SD = 1.37). Decision making, set-shifting, selective attention, planning, working memory, personality, and affect were measured via the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Test TBAG Version, Tower of London Test, Wechsler Memory Scale-III Letter-Number Sequencing Subtest, Basic Personality Traits Inventory (BPTI), and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), respectively, all of which were administered individually. Results of the correlation analyses revealed that various IGT scores were correlated with the four neuropsychological tests as well as the PANAS negative-affect subscale and the BPTI openness to experience factor. Furthermore, the first SEM analysis indicated that the independent latent variables of working memory, set-shifting and planning were significant in predicting the decision making. Finally, the second model of the Block Net Scores revealed the independent latent variables of set-shifting and planning as being significant in decision-making prediction.Öğe Investigation the relationship between big five personality dimensions and executive functions via structural equation model(Istanbul Universitesi, 2018) Yılmaz, Selin; Kafadar, HaticeObjective: The aim of this study was to clarify the link between five factor personality traits and executive functions. Method: A total of 100 healthy participants, 59 female and 41 male, participated in the study. The data was analyzed performing Pearson moment correlation coefficients and Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results: Three models were constituted and the first model revealed a significant relationship between personality characteristics and executive functions. The second and the third models indicated that personality-executive functions relations are based on the correlation between openness to experience and shifting executive function measured by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Results indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between openness to experience and WCST perseverative scores. In addition, there was no correlation between openness to experience and fluid intelligence. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be suggested that high openness may be characterized by high perseverative thinking rather than intellect. © 2018, Istanbul Universitesi. All rights reserved.Öğe The Relationship Between Executive Functions and Impulsive Buying: A Structural Equation Model(Istanbul Universitesi, 2022) Arıcan, Hasibe; Kafadar, HaticeObjective: Planning, set-shifting, and inhibition are processes that come into play in people’s decision-making behavior in their daily lives and are components of executive functions. Methods: We investigated whether individual differences in these cognitive abilities could explain impulsive buying using a comprehensive and verified battery of objective performance measures of executive functions. This research also looks into the role of gender in moderation. The following tests were adminis-tered respectively: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test to measure participants’ set-shifting and problem-solving skills, Stroop Test TBAG Form to measure inhibition, Tower of London Test to measure planning and inhibi-tion. Besides, Impulse Buying Scale was implemented to measure the impulsive buying. The dataset was analyzed through the structural equation model with bootstrap technique by using AMOS 23.0 program. Results: According to results of SEM, planning (? =.37; P =.00, 95% CI [.074,.655]) was significant in directly to predict impulsive buying tendency; however, importance of set-shifting and inhibition were not signifi-cant. According to analysis results, the model was indicated goodness of fit [X2 (22, n = 67) = 24.477, P =.32; x2/df = 1.11; RMSEA =.04; GFI =.92; AGFI =.84; CFI =.99; NFI =.91]. Conclusion: This study is one of few studies examining the relationship between executive functions and impulsive buying, which partially overlaps with the relevant findings in the literature and provides them with new perspectives. In the light of the results obtained, the impulsive buying appearing suddenly without planning in the shopping environment is higher in individuals who have low problem-solving skills, fail in spending planning, and cannot resist the distractors caused by the environment. © Author(s).Öğe Relationship of Number of Depression Episodes with Depression Severity, Treatment Adherence, Stress, Personality, Executive Functions and Decision-Making(2023) Çebioğlu, Tuğba; Kafadar, HaticeMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder that significantly affects the world population. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the number of episodes and severity of depression, treatment adherence, perceived stress, personality, executive functions and decision making in MDD patients. Measurement tools including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), Perceived Stress Scale (ASO-14), Temperament and Personality Inventory-Revised Form (TCI-R), Wechsler Memory Scale-III/Letter-Number Sequence Subtest (HSD), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop Test TBAG Form (STR) and Iowa Gambling Taskt (IGT) were used in the study. The findings of the study showed that the severity of depression in MDD was not related to the number of episodes (r=-0.051, p>0.05) and treatment compliance (r=-0.082, p>0.05), but there was a significant relationship between the number of episodes and treatment compliance (r=-0.880, p<0.001). As the number of episodes increased, the perceived stress level and the level of knowledge about treatment decreased, whereas reward addiction and novelty seeking among personality traits increased. Executive functions and decision-making functions were also found to be weaker in MDD patients with recurrent episodes. The severity of depression in MDD was not associated with the number of episodes and medication adherence, suggesting that other variables associated with recurrent episodes should be addressed. In cases of recurrent MDD, in addition to factors such as medication adherence, perceived stress and personality, executive functions and decision-making behavior are also influential and should be closely monitored. Thus, it seems necessary to evaluate cognitive intervention options in the follow-up and treatment process of MDD.
