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Öğe Comparison of classical methods versus BACTEC blood culture system for culture of normally sterile body fluids(Science & Innovation, Ltd, 2015) Mengeloğlu, Zafer; Taş, Tekin; Bucak, Özlem; Koçoğlu, Esra; Küçükbayrak, AbdulkadirBackground - Presence of microorganisms in sterile body sites leads to life-threatening infections. For early and accurate diagnosis of those infections, cultures of the sterile fluids have to be done. These cultures can not always detect the causative agents due to insufficent number or fastidious growing of the probable microorganisms in the material. Objectives - In this study, it was aimed to compare sterile body fluid cultures which had been processed with both conventional culture methods and BACTEC automatized blood culture system retrospectively. Material and Methods - A total of 138 body fluid cultures were compared retrospectively from the laboratory records. Results - Amongst the specimens, 122 cultures were negative. Nine of the rest 16 specimens were positive with both culture methods and seven cultures were positive with BACTEC only. None of the specimens which were negative in BACTEC system revealed positive with the conventional method. BACTEC detected significantly higher number of positivity (P<0.001). No significant difference was found between the methods due to contamination (P=0.183). Conclusion - In conclusion, our study shows that inoculation of the sterile body fluid specimens into blood culture bottles and incubation of them in BACTEC system as well as culturing with conventional methods increase the detection rate of probable causative agents.Öğe The detection of HBV DNA with polymerase chain reaction in blood donors with isolated hepatitis B core antibody(Medical Assoc Zenicadoboj Canton, 2012) Taş, Tekin; Kaya, Selçuk; Önal, Süleyman; Küçükbayrak, AbdulkadirAim To analyze the presence of HBV DNA in blood donors admitted to blood banks with HBsAg negativity and isolated anti-HBc positivity. Methods Sera samples of 2500 HBsAg negative donors were included in the study. HBsAg tests were assayed with VITROS analyzer. Anti-HBc total, anti-FIBs, HBeAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBc IgM tests were manually studied with DIA PRO kit by employing ELISA method. HBV DNA test was evaluated with iQ5 Real Time PCR Detection System with real-time PCR method. Results A total number of 401 (16.4%) HBsAg negative blood donors had anti-HBc positivity. Forty-five of 401 (1.8%) anti-HBc positive samples were anti-FIBs negative. These 45 persons were evaluated for anti-HBc positivity. Thirty-six of 45 anti-HBc positive persons had only anti-HBc positivity, and other nine patients had Anti-HBe antibody. HBV DNA was detected in three (6.6 %) of 45 isolated Anti-HBc positive persons as in one of nine persons and two of 36 persons. Conclusion The persons who have only FIBs Ag negativity may not be appropriate to become blood donors. Anti-HBc test should be done for HBsAg negative persons. They should not be accepted as blood donors if Anti-HBc is found positive.Öğe Determining immunoassay cutoff value using Western blot results to predict hepatitis C infection in blood donors with low-titer anti-HCV reactivity(Springer, 2013) Küçükbayrak, Abdulkadir; Çakmak, Saadet; Hakyemez, Ismail Necati; Taş, Tekin; Akdeniz, HayrettinSince the 1990s, blood donors have been scanned for anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) antibodies, which can be defined by enzyme immunoassay as a screening test. In this population, false-reactive ratios have been high. Recently, some authors have aimed to find a cutoff value for anti-HCV different from those established by test manufacturers to predict HCV infection. In this study, 321 patients, after two repeating tests, had reactive results in s/co < 10 titers on anti-HCV test. The patients were 29.6 % (n=95) in women and 70.4 % (n=226) in men. The patients were classified into three groups by Western blot (WB) results (PS, positive; NG, negative; and ID, indeterminate). The average anti-HCV titer of the whole group was 2.61 +/- 1.96. Anti-HCV titers of subgroups were 2.43 +/- 1.95 in NG, 4.93 +/- 2.53 in PS, and 2.50 +/- 1.65 in ID (p< 0.001). There was a significant difference between NG and PS and between PS and ID subgroups (p< 0.001). There was a positive correlation between WB and anti-HCV titers in all patients (r=0.298, p< 0.001), in women (r=0.282, p< 0.001), and in men (r=0.337, p=0.002). According to receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the cutoff value of anti-HCV titer to predict hepatitis C infection was > 2.61 s/co, with 74.1 % sensitivity and 71.6 % specificity (area under the curve, 0.820; 95 % confidence interval, 0.753 to 0.887). We suggest that an effective cutoff value for anti-HCV other than that established by the manufacturer cannot be assigned to predict hepatitis C infection for blood donors in low-prevalence areas.Öğe Efficacy of daptomycin on experimental methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus keratitis in rabbits(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2013) Mengeloğlu, Fırat Zafer; Küçükbayrak, Abdulkadir; Bucak, Yasin Yucel; Erdurmuş, Mesut; Taş, Tekin; Özyalvaçlı, Gülzade; Bayram, Recep; Bucak , Özlem; Akdeniz, HayrettinPurpose: We aimed to compare the efficacy of topical daptomycin (DAP) with that of vancomycin (VA) in the treatment of keratitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods: One hundred colony-forming unit MRSA bacteria were injected intrastromally into both corneas of 28 rabbits. Sixteen hours after injection, the rabbits' eyes were treated with 1 drop of topical DAP (10 or 50mg/mL), VA (50mg/mL), or isotonic saline for 19 doses. Their eyes were examined for clinical severity before and after treatment. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration values of VA and DAP against the bacterial strain were found to be 2 and 0.5g/mL, respectively. The mean pre- and post-treatment clinical scores of the eyes did not differ significantly among the groups. However, the mean difference between the post- and pretreatment clinical scores was significantly lower in the 50mg/mL DAP group than in the other groups (P=0.042). A marked decrease in bacterial load was detected in all treatment groups compared to the control group (P=0.002). Although there were no significant differences in bacterial load among the treatment groups, the 50mg/mL DAP group showed the greatest decrease. The mean % epithelial erosion rate tended to be higher in the 50mg/mL VA group than in the other groups (P=0.31). Conclusions: Topical DAP significantly reduced the bacterial load and showed activity against MRSA comparable to that of fortified VA in this experimental model.Öğe Evaluation of psychiatric morbidity and quality of life in inactive HbsAg carriers(Academic Journals, 2011) Küçükbayrak, Abdulkadir; Canan, Fatih; Alçelik, Aytekin; Aktaş, Gülali; Koçoğlu, Esra; Taş, TekinHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection develops in forms from asymptomatic carrier to cirrhosis. There are several studies examining the quality of life of patients with HBV in literature. However, only two studies have investigated the psychiatric morbidity in hepatitis B patients. In this study, we evaluated psychiatric morbidity and quality of life in inactive HbsAg carriers. This case-controlled study was performed among 26 healthy volunteers as control group and 31 inactive HbsAg carriers. Seven (22.5%) of our Hepatitis B patients were found to have an Axis I psychiatric diagnosis. For the carriers, the diagnoses made were major depression (3 patients), major depression with conversion disorder (1 patient), moderate depressive disorder (1 patient), cyclothymic disorder (1 patient), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (1 patient). No significant difference was found between carriers and controls in terms of quality of life scores and anxiety and depression scores. According to these findings, the patients with hepatitis should undergo psychiatric evaluation by a specialist. Also, physicians should be aware that emotional and psychiatric support is not necessary for all of the patients with hepatitis B.Öğe Fungal sinusitis in immunocompromised hosts(Academic Journals, 2011) Apuhan, Tayfun; Küçükbayrak, Abdulkadir; Hakyemez, İsmailThe term "immunocompromised host" is generally applied to a variety of patients with various immune defects. Invasive rhinosinusitis is defined by the presence of local inflammation, with vascular and osseous necrosis with extensive soft tissue extension, and occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. Fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens in severe acute and chronic sinusitis in immunosuppressed hosts. Earlier recognition of the disease, medical attention specific to the patient's needs are required. After medical remission, significant complications of invasive fungal infection may be seen. Patients should be followed in the long-term, until remucosalization of the sinuses.Öğe High antimicrobial resistance and isolated pathogens in outpatient elderly population with urinary tract symptom(Drunpp-Sarajevo, 2012) Küçükbayrak, Abdulkadir; Hakyemez, İsmail Necati; Taş, Tekin; Alçelik, Aytekin; Kemahlı, Eray; Duran, Arif; Aydemir, Bilge; Kocaoğlu, EsraBackground: In this study, antibiotic sensitivities and uropathogens isolated from elderly outpatients to have least one urinary tract symptom were evaluated. Methods: The yielded bacteria of 344 urine samples were evaluated. Isolated pathogens were identified with classical methods and authomatized systems. Antibiotic susceptibilities were done by disc diffusion method. If need, authomatize system was used. Results: The ages of the patients were from 60 to 92, and mean age was 73.02. The male/female ratio was 147/197. The most common isolated 3 pathogens were Escherichia coli (80.52 %), Coagulase negative staphylococcus, and Enterococcus spp. In this study, the sensitivities to the antibiotics of E. coli were 59.92 %, 70.30 %, 64.98, 63.78, 86.44 % and 90.48 % for amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime-axetil, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, ciprofloxa-cine, ceftizoxime and nitrofrontein, respectively. The sensitivities of amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime-axetil, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, ciprofloxa-cine, ceftizoxime and nitrofrontein for male and female were 55.17-66.12,54.08-78.12, 50.00-73.29, 55.04-69.70, 76.00-91.56 and 80.00-91.71, respectively. The susceptibility rates of amikacin, gentamycin and ceftriaxone were 90.16 %, 78.94 % and 81.99 % as 89.21, 70.64 and 66.67 in male patients and 90.30, 70.64 and 88.52 in female patients. Conclusion: In the elderly outpatients, E. coli was the most common pathogen in the urine. The resistant rates in our region are higher from reported in literature. Nitrofrontein and amikacine can be started empirically for both gender. However, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, ceftizoxime, cephazoline, and gentamycine for the female patients can be used empirically. We think that the male elderly patients should be treated with hospitalized.Öğe Impact of antimicrobial drug restrictions on doctors’ behaviors(2016) Karabay, Oğuz; Hoşoğlu, Salih; Güçlü, Ertuğrul; Akalın, Şerife; Altay, Fatma Aybala; Koçoğlu, Mücahide Esra; Küçükbayrak, AbdulkadirBackground/aim: Broad-spectrum antibiotics have become available for use only with the approval of infectious disease specialists (IDSs) since 2003 in Turkey. This study aimed to analyze the tendencies of doctors who are not disease specialists (non-IDSs) towards the restriction of antibiotics. Materials and methods: A questionnaire form was prepared, which included a total of 22 questions about the impact of antibiotic restriction (AR) policy, the role of IDSs in the restriction, and the perception of this change in antibiotic consumption. The questionnaire was completed by each participating physician. Results: A total of 1906 specialists from 20 cities in Turkey participated in the study. Of those who participated, 1271 (67.5%) had ≤5 years of occupational experience (junior specialists = JSs) and 942 (49.4%) of them were physicians. Specialists having >5 years of occupational experience in their branch expressed that they followed the antibiotic guidelines more strictly than the JSs (P < 0.05) and 755 of physicians (88%) and 720 of surgeons (84.6%) thought that the AR policy was necessary and useful (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that the AR policy was supported by most of the specialists. Physicians supported this restriction policy more so than surgeons did.Öğe Neuroborreliosis and autoimmunity, Guillain Barre syndrome: two case reports(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2016) Türkoğlu, Şule Aydın; Bolaç, Elif Sultan; Yıldız, Serpil; Küçükbayrak, Abdulkadir; Sırmatel, Fatma; Yıldız, NebilLyme disease is a multisystemic disease and involvement of the nervous system is called neuroborreliosis. Clinical manifestations of peripheral neuroborreliosis include asymmetric polyradiculopathy, cranial nerve paralysis, multifocal mononeuropathies and sensorymotor polyneuropathies. Guillain-Barre syndrome also known as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is an immune-mediated neuropathy. Only limited number of cases with Lyme disease presented with Guillain-Barre syndrome symptoms are encountered in the literature reviews, which are mostly seen during paediatric age. Herein we will report two patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome who presented with atypical findings and followed up in our clinic. In these cases diagnosis of Lyme disease was confirmed by Western Blot technique which demonstrated the presence of antibodies formed against Borrelia burgdorferi.
