Intraday and interday variations of 69 volatile organic compounds (BVOCs and AVOCs) and their source pro files at a semi-urban site
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2020
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Elsevier
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
To study the intraday and interday patterns and possible sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 6-h active sampling was performed in April, May, June, July, and August 2017 and in January 2018 in a semi-urban site in Bolu, Turkey. Totally 69 VOCs having biogenic (BVOCs, i.e., isoprene, monoterpenes and oxygenated VOCs) and anthropogenic origins (AVOCs) were examined. Fifty-four of sixty-nine analyzed VOCs could be detected. Decanal followed by benzaldehyde, benzene, phenol, and toluene were detected as the leading anthropogenic VOCs whereas alpha-pinene and hexanal were the dominant biogenic VOCs. There was a decrease in concentrations of most of the VOCs in January and April when light intensity and temperature were relatively low. Atmospheric levels of total biogenic VOCs exceeded that of anthropogenic VOCs in all months except for January and April. Dependence of biogenic VOC emissions on the light intensity, temperature and the increase in leaves were considered to be effective in their higher levels in summer and daytime periods. The daytime anthropogenic VOCs concentrations were higher than the nighttime anthropogenic VOCs probably due to intense vehicle traffic during working hours and/or increased volatilization from their sources at elevated temperatures. The VOCs that significantly and negatively correlated with ozone were evaluated as effective BVOCs in the ozone formation while the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method gave the contribution of AVOCs. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was applied for the source apportionment. G score graphs and G score pollution roses were also used to identify possible sources of investigated VOCs. Solvent evaporation, gasoline-powered vehicle emissions, fossil fuel (residential heating), biogenic (hornbeam, grass, oak, beech) emissions, diesel/domestic activities and forested city atmosphere were identified as the possible VOC sources in the study area. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
6-hourly Variations, Anthropogenic VOCs, Biogenic VOCs, Source Apportionment, Positive Matrix Factorization
Kaynak
Science Of The Total Environment
WoS Q Değeri
Q1
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
723
