Bolu İl Merkezi’ndeki çocukların aşılılık durumları ve engelleri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2006
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışma, Bolu il merkezindeki 24 aydan küçük çocukların aşılılık durumları ve aşısız, eksik aşılı olma ile ilgili engelleri saptamak amacıyla planlanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın ilk aşamasında, Bolu il merkezindeki toplam yedi sağlık ocağının "Bebek ve Çocuk İzlem Formları" taranmış ve kayıtları doğru olan 2749 çocuktan 177'isinin aşısız ya da eksik aşılı olduğu belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise aşısız ve eksik aşılı çocukların özelliklerini ve bu durumun nedenlerini sorgulamak amacıyla, soru formu geliştirilmiş ve ev ziyareti yoluyla annelerle yüz yüze görüşülerek veri toplanmıştır. 177 çocuktan ulaşılan 134 çocuğun verileri analiz edilmiştir. Veriler yüzde dağılım olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çocukların yüzde 1'i aşısız ve yüzde 6'sı eksik aşılıdır. Oral Polio ve DBT aşısının pekiştirme dozları BCG ve hepatit B aşısının üçüncü dozudur, en fazla eksik olan aşılardır. Annelerin yüzde 71,6'sı kendisini bağışıklama konusunda bilgili olarak tanımlamasına karşın, yüzde 77,6'sı aşı ile korunabilir hastalıkların bulaşıcı olduğunu bilmemekte, yüzde 45,5'i çocukluk döneminde aşı ile korunabilir hastalıkların ciddi olduğunu düşünmemekte, yüzde 38,6'sı aşı sonrası bir sağlık sorunu olacak endişesi taşıdığını belirtmektedir. Anneler bağışıklama hizmetlerine ilişkin engelleri; ulusal aşı takviminin karışık ve anlaşılmaz olması (yüzde 35,1), sağlık ocağında kuyruk olması (yüzde 21,4) ve bağışıklama hizmetlerine duydukları güvensizlik (yüzde 10,7) olarak belirtmişlerdir. Sağlık çalışanlarına ilişkin olumsuz bir neden tanımlanmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın öncelikli önerileri, annelerin/ailelerin bağışıklama, çocukluk dönemi aşı ile korunabilir hastalıklar konusunda sürekli sağlık eğitimi ve bağışıklama hizmetleri ile ilgili kayıtlarda sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik hizmet içi eğitimidir.
The study was planned to determine the vaccination status of children younger than 24 months of age and the obstacles against adequate vaccination in Bolu. The study was decriptive. In the first stage of the study, infant and child observation forms of seven primary health care centers in Bolu were examined, and of the 2749 children, whose records were properly kept, 177 were not vaccinated or were vaccinated inadequately. In the second stage, a questionnaire form was developed to determine the characteristics of these 177 children and the reasons behind this situation. The data were obtained by visiting these houses and interviewing the mothers face to face. Out of the 177, 134 children were reached and their data were analysed and evaluated as percentages. One percent of children was not vaccinated and six percent were vaccinated inadequately. The vaccines that were missed the most were BCG vaccine, hepatitis B3 vaccine and the boosters of oral polio and DPT vaccines. Although 71.6 percent of mothers defined themselves as well-informed about immunization, 77.6 percent of the mothers did not know that diseases that were preventable by vaccinating were communicable diseases; 45.5 percent of mothers did not think that these childhood diseases were serious; 38.6 percent were anxious about health problems following vaccination. The mothers stated that the problems they had with vaccination services were that the national vaccination schedule was too complicated and incomprehensible (35.1 percent), the lines were long in health care centers (21.4 percent) and their mistrust towards immunisation services (10.7 percent). The mothers had no negative ideas about health care workers. The main suggestions of this study are continuous health education of mothers and families about immunization and childhood diseases preventable by vaccines and in-service training of health workers on proper registration of immunization services.
The study was planned to determine the vaccination status of children younger than 24 months of age and the obstacles against adequate vaccination in Bolu. The study was decriptive. In the first stage of the study, infant and child observation forms of seven primary health care centers in Bolu were examined, and of the 2749 children, whose records were properly kept, 177 were not vaccinated or were vaccinated inadequately. In the second stage, a questionnaire form was developed to determine the characteristics of these 177 children and the reasons behind this situation. The data were obtained by visiting these houses and interviewing the mothers face to face. Out of the 177, 134 children were reached and their data were analysed and evaluated as percentages. One percent of children was not vaccinated and six percent were vaccinated inadequately. The vaccines that were missed the most were BCG vaccine, hepatitis B3 vaccine and the boosters of oral polio and DPT vaccines. Although 71.6 percent of mothers defined themselves as well-informed about immunization, 77.6 percent of the mothers did not know that diseases that were preventable by vaccinating were communicable diseases; 45.5 percent of mothers did not think that these childhood diseases were serious; 38.6 percent were anxious about health problems following vaccination. The mothers stated that the problems they had with vaccination services were that the national vaccination schedule was too complicated and incomprehensible (35.1 percent), the lines were long in health care centers (21.4 percent) and their mistrust towards immunisation services (10.7 percent). The mothers had no negative ideas about health care workers. The main suggestions of this study are continuous health education of mothers and families about immunization and childhood diseases preventable by vaccines and in-service training of health workers on proper registration of immunization services.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aşılama, Bağışıklama, İmmünoterapi, Aktif, Tıbbi Kayıtlar, Vaccination, Çocuk, Vaccination, Immunization, Immunotherapy, Active, Medical Records, Vaccine, Child
Kaynak
STED/Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
15
Sayı
10
