Filozof Kral II. Friedrich: Kutsal Roma-Cermen İmparatoru II. Friedrich (1194- 1250) ve İslam bilim mirası
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Tarih
2017
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kutsal Roma Cermen İmparatoru II. Friedrich'in İslam bilim mirasına ilgisini ve bu ilginin batı aydınlanmasındaki rolünü araştırmaktır. Sıradışı kişiliği ve yaşamıyla "stupor mundi" (dünya harikası) ünvanıyla tanınan II. Friedrich, faaliyetleri ölümünden sonraki bütün zamanlarda da tartışma konusu olan bir hükümdardır. Bu tartışmalardan biri de Müslüman dünyasıyla ilişkileri bağlamında olmuştur. Çünkü o, önemli bir Müslüman nüfusu da barındıran annesinin memleketi Sicilya'da yetişmiştir. Çocukluğunda burada İslam kültürünü tanıma imkânı bulan II. Friedrich, zamanla bu kültüre ve Müslümanlara karşı hayatı boyunca sürecek bir sempati geliştirmiştir. İmparatorluk tahtına oturduktan sonra papanın ve fanatik Hristiyan dünyasının sert tepkilerine rağmen Müslümanlara karşı hoşgörülü bir siyaset izlemiş, onlarla dostluklar kurmuştur. Esasında onu diğer Ortaçağ Avrupa hükümdarlarından farklı kılan en önemli özelliği, o günkü dünyada en ileri seviyede olan İslam bilim mirasına duyduğu yoğun ilgidir. İmparator, hem Eski Yunan bilimlerininin geliştirilmesi ve zenginleştirilmesi suretiyle ortaya çıkan bu mirasa ait birçok Arapça bilimsel eseri Latince'ye tercüme ettirmiş hem de Müslüman bilginlere çeşitli bilimsel sorular sorarak Avrupa'ya yoğun bir bilgi transferi sağlamıştır. Bu nedenle II. Friedrich, Batı aydınlanmasının öncülerinden sayılmaktadır
The aim of this paper is to examine the interest of Frederick II. in the Islamic education heritage, and the role of this interest in the Western enlightenment. Frederick II, who was known as “stupor mundi” (the wonder of the world), with his extraordinary character and life was a ruler whose activities were the subject of discussions after his death too. One of these discussions relates to his relations with the Islamic world. He grew up on the island of Sicily, the homeland of his mother, which was also the home to a significant number of Muslim population. Frederick II had the opportunity to experience Islamic culture and developed attachment with Muslims, which persisted for all of his life. Despite the violent reactions of the Pope and the Christian World, he not only pursued a tolerant policy towards Muslims, but he also became friends with them. Actually his most important characteristic, that distinguished him from the other medieval European rulers, was his intense interest in the Islamic education heritage. The emperor translated several Arabic works created by the enrichment of the ancient Greek sciences, into Latin, furthermore, he asked some Muslim scholars various scientific questions. In this way, he made sure that knowledge of the East flowed to the West. Therefore, Frederick II is considered one of the pioneers of the Western enlightenment
The aim of this paper is to examine the interest of Frederick II. in the Islamic education heritage, and the role of this interest in the Western enlightenment. Frederick II, who was known as “stupor mundi” (the wonder of the world), with his extraordinary character and life was a ruler whose activities were the subject of discussions after his death too. One of these discussions relates to his relations with the Islamic world. He grew up on the island of Sicily, the homeland of his mother, which was also the home to a significant number of Muslim population. Frederick II had the opportunity to experience Islamic culture and developed attachment with Muslims, which persisted for all of his life. Despite the violent reactions of the Pope and the Christian World, he not only pursued a tolerant policy towards Muslims, but he also became friends with them. Actually his most important characteristic, that distinguished him from the other medieval European rulers, was his intense interest in the Islamic education heritage. The emperor translated several Arabic works created by the enrichment of the ancient Greek sciences, into Latin, furthermore, he asked some Muslim scholars various scientific questions. In this way, he made sure that knowledge of the East flowed to the West. Therefore, Frederick II is considered one of the pioneers of the Western enlightenment
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din Bilimi, İslam Bilimi, Batı Aydınlanması
Kaynak
History Studies
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
9
Sayı
1