CONSUMER OPINİIONS ON THE GASTRONOMIC PRODUCTS PRODUCED WITH ANATOLIA'S WHEAT HERITAGE IZA
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
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Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Although agriculture started in a small region around Southeastern Turkey, western Iran, and Levant around 9,500-8,500 BC, it quickly spread in the area in all directions. Wheat (Triticum ssp), barley, and lentil, which were the first crops cultivated between 9,000 and 3,500 BC, are still consumed in the world and provide 90% of daily calories. As the first domesticated plant, wheat has become the most important ring in human food since the domestication of the goat in 9,000 BC. It was a plant grown only in the Middle East 10,000 years ago, but then it spread all over the world in a couple of thousand years. Wheat was not grown in those days in North America but now is grown on thousand square kilometers. This surely demonstrates the adaptive ability of wheat to grow on larger acreages (Harari, 2015). Einkorn, the first-primary cereal crop that originated in and spread around Turkey, has been cultivated in Morocco, Germany, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, and some other Balkan countries. Around 10,000 BC, diploid (AA) einkorn (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) was cultivated in earlier agricultural villages (Stallknecht et al., 1996). The decrease in the cultivation of einkorn after the Bronze Age was due to barley, emmer (Triticum dicoccon), and spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta) cultivation. Tetraploid emmer (AABB) was a major cultivated wheat species in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages. The decline in einkorn cultivation has been because of higher yields of emmer and spelt, and their easier harvest (Hammed and Simsek, 2014; Marino et al., 2009). Organic foods have recently received an accelerated interest from the larger human community. There is no need to use fertilizers and pesticides to grow hulled kinds of wheat such as einkorn. Moreover, einkorn is considered to be genetically unaltered by man (Hammed and Simsek, 2014). Therefore, these naturally grown wheat species have attracted the attention of organic food consumers. Çankırı, Çorum, Sinop, Kayseri, Kayseri, Kastamonu, Bolu, Bilecik and to some extent Kütahya provinces have been historical einkorn cultivation areas in Türkiye. The locals have called the einkorn by different local names; the people of Bolu, Bilecik and Kütahya call it \"IZA\", while in the other cities it is called \"Siyez\". IZA, which is grown in Seben, a district of Bolu, has regained popularity across Turkey (Figure 1).
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Kaynak
Journal of gastronomy, hospitality and travel (Online)
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Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
6
Sayı
1
