Trabzon-Söğütlüdere Havzasında farklı arazi kullanım şekilleri altındaki toprakların bazı özellikleri ve erozyon eğilimlerinin araştırılması
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Tarih
1999
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada Trabzon-Söğütlüdere havzasında farklı arazi kullanım şekillerinin toprakların bazı özelliklerini nasıl etkilediği araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla değerlendirilen toprak örnekleri araştırma sahasındaki üç farklı arazi kullanım şeklinden (orman, otlak, işlemeli tarım) fizyografik koşullara göre havzayı temsil edecek şekilde alınmıştır. Orman alanlarından 48, otlak alanlarından 21 ve işlemeli tarım alanlarından 14 olmak üzere toplam 83 noktada toprak profili açılmış ve üç farklı derinlik kademesinden (0-20 cm, 20-50 cm ve >50 cm) toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Alınan bu toprak örnekleri üzerinde; tekstür, toprak fraksiyonları, bazı erodibilite indeksleri, toprak nemi sabiteleri, geçirgenlik, hacım ağırlığı, dane yoğunluğu, gözenek hacmı, ateşte kayıp, organik madde ve pH gibi özellikler belirlenmiş ve istatistiksel testlerle irdelenmiştir. Yapılan arazi, laboratuvar çalışmaları ve istatistiksel değerlendirmelerden çıkarılan bazı sonuçlara göre; ı. Toprak özellikleri; arazi kullanıma şekline bağlı olarak önemli farklıllık göstermektedir. II. Laboratuvarda tesbit edilen bazı erozyon eğilim indekslerine göre (dispersiyon oranı, kolloid/nem ekivalan oranı, erozyon oranı) araştırma havzası toprakları erozyona duyarlı bulunmaktadır. ııı. Arazi kullanım şekillerine göre en düşük dispersiyon oranı orman topraklarında saptanmış, bunu otlak toprakları izlemiş ve en yüksek disperisyon oranı değerlerine tarım topraklarında rastlanmıştır. Bu sonuca göre orman alanlarının otlak ve tarım alanına dönüştürülmesi erozyon eğilimini artırmaktadır.
In this study, effects of different land use types on some soil properties in the Trabzon-Söğütlüdere watershed were studied. The study area, is located in the East Black Sea Region, 30 kilometers far from Trabzon. Soil samples evaluated in this research were taken from areas under three different land use types; forestland, rangeland and, cultivated land at different altitudes and physio-graphical conditions in such a way that they represent general conditions of the watershed area. Total of 83 soil profiles were determined, 48 in forestland areas, 21 in rangeland and 14 in cultivated areas for three soil depths (0-20 cm, 20-50 cm and >50 cm). As indicated below, on each soil sample, 20 soil properties were measured. Texture, soil fractions (<2 mm and >2 mm), amounts of root, dispersion ratio, colloid/moisture equivalent ratio, erosion ratio, soil moisture constants, water holding capacity, permeability, bulk density, soil particle density, porosity, loss on ignition, organic matter and pH. Concerning the data obtained from these properties statistical evaluations such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Duncan’s Multiple Range Test and Correlation Analysis were performed. Differences and relations among the properties were examined. The results of laboratory tests and statistical analyses obtained can be summarized as follows: i. Statistically significant differences exist in soil properties as a function of land use type and soil depth. ii. According to erodibility index (dispersion ratio, colloid/moisture equivalent ratio, erosion ratio) the study area soils were found susceptible to erosion. iii. However, dispersion ratios of forest soils were relatively less than those of range soils and cultivated land soils. Agricultural land soils had the highest dispersion ratios. According to these results, conversion of forest areas to range or cultivated lands increases the erodibility of soils.
In this study, effects of different land use types on some soil properties in the Trabzon-Söğütlüdere watershed were studied. The study area, is located in the East Black Sea Region, 30 kilometers far from Trabzon. Soil samples evaluated in this research were taken from areas under three different land use types; forestland, rangeland and, cultivated land at different altitudes and physio-graphical conditions in such a way that they represent general conditions of the watershed area. Total of 83 soil profiles were determined, 48 in forestland areas, 21 in rangeland and 14 in cultivated areas for three soil depths (0-20 cm, 20-50 cm and >50 cm). As indicated below, on each soil sample, 20 soil properties were measured. Texture, soil fractions (<2 mm and >2 mm), amounts of root, dispersion ratio, colloid/moisture equivalent ratio, erosion ratio, soil moisture constants, water holding capacity, permeability, bulk density, soil particle density, porosity, loss on ignition, organic matter and pH. Concerning the data obtained from these properties statistical evaluations such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Duncan’s Multiple Range Test and Correlation Analysis were performed. Differences and relations among the properties were examined. The results of laboratory tests and statistical analyses obtained can be summarized as follows: i. Statistically significant differences exist in soil properties as a function of land use type and soil depth. ii. According to erodibility index (dispersion ratio, colloid/moisture equivalent ratio, erosion ratio) the study area soils were found susceptible to erosion. iii. However, dispersion ratios of forest soils were relatively less than those of range soils and cultivated land soils. Agricultural land soils had the highest dispersion ratios. According to these results, conversion of forest areas to range or cultivated lands increases the erodibility of soils.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat Mühendisliği, Bitki Bilimleri, Çevre Bilimleri, Agriculture Engineering, Plant Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Kaynak
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Q2
Cilt
23
Sayı
1