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Öğe Determining the reliability of diagnosis and treatment using artificial intelligence software with panoramic radiographs(Korean Acad Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, 2023) Orhan, Kaan; Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Manulis, David; Golitsyna, Maria; Bayrak, Seval; Aksoy, SeçilPurpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI) program in identifying dental conditions using panoramic radiographs (PRs), as well as to assess the appropriateness of its treatment recommendations. Materials and Methods: PRs from 100 patients (representing 4497 teeth) with known clinical examination findings were randomly selected from a university database. Three dentomaxillofacial radiologists and the Diagnocat AI software evaluated these PRs. The evaluations were focused on various dental conditions and treatments, including canal filling, caries, cast post and core, dental calculus, fillings, furcation lesions, implants, lack of interproximal tooth contact, open margins, overhangs, periapical lesions, periodontal bone loss, short fillings, voids in root fillings, overfillings, pontics, root fragments, impacted teeth, artificial crowns, missing teeth, and healthy teeth. Results: The AI demonstrated almost perfect agreement (exceeding 0.81) in most of the assessments when compared to the ground truth. The sensitivity was very high (above 0.8) for the evaluation of healthy teeth, artificial crowns, dental calculus, missing teeth, fillings, lack of interproximal contact, periodontal bone loss, and implants. However, the sensitivity was low for the assessment of caries, periapical lesions, pontic voids in the root canal, and overhangs. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of this study, the synthesized data suggest that AI-based decision support systems can serve as a valuable tool in detecting dental conditions, when used with PR for clinical dental applications.Öğe Potential correlation between complicated root canal morphologies of mandibular central incisors and radix entomolaris in mandibular permanent first molars in a Turkish population: A cone beam computed tomography analysis(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Bulut, Duygu Göller; Aydın, Zeliha UğurObjective: This study investigated the potential correlation between the presence of complicated canal configurations of mandibular central incisors (ManCIs) and the existence of radix entomolaris (RE) in the permanent mandibular first molars (ManFMs) in a Turkish population. Materials and Methods: The prevalence of complicated ManCI root canal configurations and the prevalence of RE in ManFMs were investigated using cone beam computed tomography images of 534 patients. The correlation between complicated root canal configurations and the presence of RE was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: RE was observed in 18.6% (199/1068) of ManFMs, and 22.8% (244/1068) of ManCIs had complicated root canal configurations. There was a positive correlation between complicated ManCI root canal configurations and the presence of RE (p<0.001, r=0.248). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the current study, the presence of RE was associated with the existence of complicated ManCI root canal configurations in this Turkish population.Öğe What do TikTok videos offer us about dental implants treatment?(Elseiver, 2023) Paksoy, Tuğçe; Şen, Seval Ceylan; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Bulut, Duygu GöllerObjective: To evaluate the quality, source, popularity, visibility and reliability of Tiktok videos on dental implants. Materials and Methods: A Tiktok search for dental implants was performed English language setting. Search hashtags were determined as #dentalimplants, #dentalimplantsurgery, #dentalimplantstreatment, and #implantdentistry. 148 of the 300 videos watched were included the study. Two periodontologists scored the videos for quality, reliability, utility, visibility and popularity. Videos' quality was evaluated using the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the DISCERN tools, by categorizing them through quality of communication, duration, likes and dislikes, views, source and video type of each video were recorded. Results: There was significant positive correlation between GQS and Total DISCERN (Rho: 0.636) and Duration in seconds (Rho: 0.343) (p < 0.05). For Total DISCERN, averages of the 31-45 seconds (p=0.010) and 46 seconds and above (p=.018) groups were higher than the averages of the 0-15 seconds group and average of the Educational group was higher than the average of the Testimonial, Product Advertisement and Entertainment groups (p=0.001, p=0.033 and p=0.041). Healthcare professionals mostly upload GQS 2 score videos and Hospital/Universities mostly upload GQS 2 and 3 score videos (p < 0.05). Testimonial videos mostly receive GQS2 score videos and the 'Videos rich in supplementary visuals' quality also receives the most GQS4 score videos (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that TikTok videos provide low to moderate quality information about dental implants and that TikTok may not provide reliable information about dental implants.Öğe Retromolar canals and mandibular third molar position: Is there a possible connection?(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Demirel, Oğuzhan; Akbulut, AslıhanIntroduction: The retromolar canal (RMC) is an anatomical variation of the posterior part of the mandibular canal. It is thought that this variation is related to histological vestiges of the gubernacular canal and RMC presence may be associated with mandibular third molar (MTM) malposition. This study aims to investigate the relationship between MTM position and RMC existence. Material and Methods: Patients who had undergone cone-beam computed tomography examination for various purposes were included in the study. All of the patients had unilateral or bilateral MTM teeth. MTM impaction patterns were classified according to Winter and Pell-Gregory classifications. RMC existence, type, retromolar foramen (RMF) position, RMF dimensions, and distance from RMF to second and third molars were recorded. Results: Three hundred and forty-six retromolar areas with MTM of 244 patients were evaluated. RMCs were present in 11.5% of the patients. No statistically significant relationship between RMC and MTM impaction patterns was observed. A1-type RMC was found to be the most prevalent. The mean distance from RMF to the third molar was 6.09 +/- 4.20 mm and was found to be higher in male patients. The mean distance from RMF to the second molar was 15.28 +/- 4.73 mm. The average dimensions of the RMF were 1.4 +/- 0.47 mm. Discussion and Conclusion: RMC is a relatively common anatomical variation of the mandibular canal. Although no correlation was observed between MTM impaction pattern and RMC existence, further research including more samples may be helpful to explain a possible correlation.Öğe Three- dimensional verification of the radiographic visibility of the root pulp used for forensic age estimation in mandibular third molars(British Inst Radiology, 2022) Günaçar, Dilara Nil; Bayrak, Seval; Sinanoğlu, Enver AlperObjectives The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of panoramic radiography (OPG) using age estimation method using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) verification in the evaluation of radiographic visibility of root pulp (RPV) of mandibular third molars for age estimation. Methods CBCT and OPG images of 429 mandibular third molars from 290 patients were evaluated. RPV of fully mineralized mandibular third molars was evaluated as stages 0, 1, 2, and 3 for both imaging methods. Descriptive statistics were performed separately for stages by age for both genders. The consistency of these scores with chronological age was evaluated for both imaging methods. The reliability of OPG evaluation was also analyzed with CBCT scores. Results Spearman's rho correlation demonstrated a positive correlation between RPV and chronological age for both genders and for OPG and CBCT evaluation. Considering the minimum ages of both imaging methods, all stages were above the age of 18 except for the female group of Stage 2 and all Stage 0. For the comparison of OPG and CBCT RPV Staging scores, the Kappa score was found to be 0.312 (p < 0.001), indicating a fair agreement. Conclusion In conclusion, the absence of Stage 3 at age of 18 and under might have a forensic value for RPV age estimation method. Considering the fair agreement in the verification of OPG scores, it is not possible to determine the exact age with the RPV detected in OPG images, the use of CBCT for the RPV evaluation is recommended to available cases.Öğe Evaluation of bony changes observed in mandibular osteotomy lines and mandibular condyles following bilateral sagittal ramus osteotomy by fractal analysis(Springer, 2022) Çolak, Sefa; Altan, Ahmet; Bayrak, Seval; Akbulut, NihatObjectives This study aimed to evaluate the surgically impacted trabecular changes in mandibular osteotomy lines and mandibular condyles after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy using the fractal analysis method. Materials and method The study population consisted of 30 patients (9 male, 21 female) diagnosed with mandibular prognathism and operated with bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy under general anesthesia. Fractal analyses observed the alterations on the trabecular structure of osteotomy lines, and mandibular condyles on panoramic radiographs obtained preoperatively, postoperatively, 1st week, 6th month, and 12th month. The box-counting method was used to evaluate the changes in trabecular structure by fractal analysis. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results The fractal dimension values in both osteotomy lines and mandibular condyles were significantly decreased on postoperative 1st week regarding preoperative values. However, fractal dimension values commenced increasing in the following postoperative period. The fractal dimension values of the horizontal and vertical osteotomy lines reached their preoperative values on postoperative 6th and 12th month, respectively. The decreased fractal dimension values observed in the early postoperative period in the right and left condyles reached their preoperative values at the 6th postoperative month. Conclusion Fractal analyses performed postoperatively can provide information about trabecular changes and bone healing of structures such as osteotomy lines directly affected by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy and indirectly affected mandibular condyles. The results support that fractal analysis can be used together with clinical data in the evaluation of bone healing process.Öğe Comparison of the effects of removable functional appliance therapy applied in pubertal and postpubertal periods: A retrospective cephalometric and fractal analyses study(Mosby-Elseiver, 2023) Korkmaz, Yasemin Nur; Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, SevalIntroduction: In this study, we compared the effects of functional treatment with Twin-block appliance on the bony architectures of the maxilla and mandible by fractal dimension (FD) analysis, and the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects by cephalometric analysis, in pubertal and postpubertal patients with Class II malocclusion. Methods: This study comprised 60 patients who underwent Twin-block treatment. Group 1 consisted of 30 patients in the pubertal period (6 boys and 24 girls; mean age 12.27 +/- 1.35 years), whereas group 2 consisted of 30 patients in the postpubertal period (6 boys and 24 girls; mean age 13.73 +/- 1.51 years). FD analysis was performed on the patients before and after Twin-block panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. Cephalometric analysis was also conducted. Paired and Student t tests were used to compare the parametric data, and Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to compare the nonparametric data. Results: SNB, Pg-N, N-Me, ANS-Me, IMPA, L1/NB, Co-Gn, Go-Gn, S -Go, Co-Go, and Go-Me significantly increased in both groups after treatment. FD values of tuber, condyle, and molar regions significantly decreased in group 1, whereas no significant differences were observed in group 2 after treatment. Conclusions: In the pubertal period, the Twin-block appliance resulted in skeletal correction by causing bone remodeling and reshaping in both jaws along with the dentoalveolar correction. In the postpubertal period, Twin-block had no significant effect on the bone trabecular arrangement in the investigated areas but produced cephalometric improvement to a certain extent with lower skeletal and higher dental impact.Öğe Is online video a suitable source to obtain sufficient and useful information about peri-implantitis?(W B Saunders Co-Elseiver Inc, 2023) Bulut, Duygu Göller; Paksoy, Tuğçe; Ustaoğlu, GülbaharPurpose: Recently, with the increase in cases of peri-implantitis, the amount of data patients can receive via social media about the condition has increased. The study presented here aims to examine what online videos (YouTubeTM, Google LLC, San Bruno, California) offer patients about peri-implantitis and to evaluate the quality of the information presented.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a systematic search was conducted into online videos containing information about peri-implantitis using the keyword peri-implantitis by an experienced periodontologist. The source of videos, video type, duration, number of days since upload, number of views, comments, likes, dislikes, and interaction index of each video were recorded. Videos were scored according to content; Score 0 (low content): videos with no description of clinical presentations, risk factors, or management options; Score 1 (moderate content): videos that described 1 clinical presentation and 1 etiologic factor and did not describe management options; Score 2 (high content): videos with the description of at least 2 clinical presentations, 2 etiologic factors, and 1 management option. The quality of each video was evaluated using the Global Quality Scale and DISCERN. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Intraobserver agreement was calculated as the intraclass correlation coefficient.Results: The first 200 videos were screened and, after exclusions, 103 videos were included for further analysis. United States-based videos were the majority (14 videos), 46.6% of the videos were uploaded by healthcare professionals, and 99% were in the educational videos category. Video content score 2 videos have higher mean values with 4,871.945 views, 6.002 comments, 50.729 likes, 7.751 viewing rate, and 0.023 interaction index than score 0 videos (P < .05). Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the video content score, Global Quality Scale, DISCERN, and the data showing the popularity and visibility of the videos (P < .01).Conclusions: Overall, half of the top-ranked online videos are valuable sources of information about peri-implantitis. Videos with high content are more popular and are of greater quality than videos with low content.(c) 2022 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeonsJ Oral Maxillofac Surg 81:56-64, 2023Öğe Evaluation of radiographic visibility of root pulp in mandibular second molars using cone beam computed tomography images for age estimation(Humana Press Inc, 2023) Canpolat, Sema Serin; Bayrak, SevalThe purpose of this study is to estimate chronological age and determine whether individuals were aged under or over 18 years using root pulp visibility (RPV) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The study included CBCT images of 699 individuals aged between 15 and 75 years. One thousand twenty-three mandibular second molar (2M) teeth were evaluated using Olze's RPV method in four stages. Descriptive statistics of the stages and the relationship between the stages and the chronological age were assessed. The distribution of the stages was analyzed according to the 18-year age threshold. There was a positive correlation between RPV stages and chronological ages in both sexes. For females and males, the mean ages of stage 0, stage 1, and stage 2, for females and males, were found as 27.21, 28.93, and 33.68 years, and 37.69, 40.9, and 44.88 years, respectively. Stage 0 and stage 1 were found both in individuals aged under and over 18 years, and stage 2 and stage 3 were not observed in individuals aged under 18 years. The presence of stage 2 and stage 3 may be an indication that an individual is aged over 18 years according to Olze's RPV age estimation method. For more reliable results, 2M teeth should be examined bilaterally in forensic science.Öğe The use of hyoid bone dimensions in age and sex estimation in a Turkish population: A cone-beam computed tomography study(Via Medica, 2022) Köse, Emre; Bulut, Duygu GöllerBackground: The aim of the study was to determine sex and age from hyoid bone morphology on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: The study sample comprised 130 CBCT images. Eight different measurements were performed for each hyoid bone. Fusion conditions were assigned to each side of the hyoid bone separately as; unfused, partially fused, and totally fused. Results: The hyoid length, width of the left proximal end and stature variables showed sexual dimorphism in all hyoid fusion types (p < 0.05). In young adult age group, a significant difference was found between sex and fusion types (p = 0.025). The body length (81.35%) and stature measurements (76.25%) contributed most significantly to sex estimation. Conclusions: Patients CBCT scans which enable reproducible and reliable measurements for bone tissues can be used for forensic procedures. Hyoid bone measurements with CBCT are useful methodology for age and sex estimation in forensic sciences with high predictive accuracy.Öğe Evaluation of pharyngeal airway by cone-beam computed tomography after mono- and bimaxillary orthognathic surgery(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Sarı, Merve; Şen, Esengül; Akbulut, Nihat; Bayrak, Seval; Demir, OsmanIntroduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of the pharyngeal airway obtained using mono-and bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal malocclusion. Material and Methods: The analysis was conducted on cone-beam computed tomography images taken preoperatively and postoperatively of patients undergoing mono-or bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The pharyngeal airway was divided into four airway volume segments and measured by planimetry. Results: The bimaxillary surgery group showed an increase in nasopharynx and velopharynx volumes and a decrease in glossopharynx and hypopharynx volumes (P < 0.05). The mandibular setback surgery group showed decreases in glossopharynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and pharynx volumes (P < 0.05). The mandibular advancement surgery group showed increases in glossopharynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and pharynx volumes (P < 0.05). The maxillary advancement surgery group showed increases in nasopharynx, velopharynx, and pharynx volumes (P < 0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: Mandibular setback surgery had a narrowing effect on the pharyngeal airway volume. Maxillary advancement surgery compensated for the constrictive effect of mandibular setback surgery on both the oropharynx and pharynx volumes. Although maxillary and mandibular advancement surgery affected different sites, these were the operations that contributed most to the increase in pharyngeal volume.Öğe In vivo evaluation of mandibular trabecular and cortical bone quality in psoriasis vulgaris(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2022) Günaçar, Dilara Nil; Bulut, Duygu Göller; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Yıldırım, Esra AteşObjective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of psoriasis vulgaris on mandibular structure by calculating fractal dimension (FD) and radiomorphometric indices. Study Design. Panoramic radiographs of 58 patients with psoriasis and 58 healthy participants were assessed. FD was used to analyze trabecular bone architecture in the condyle, angle, and 2 sites in the alveolar bone. Five radiomorphometric indices based on cortical thickness and the mandibular cortical index (MCI) for structure were used to assess cortical bone porosity. Comparisons were made between sites in trabecular and cortical bone. Quantitative and categorical data were statistically analyzed with the significance level at P < .05. Results. FD was significantly lower in the patients with psoriasis than in the controls in the alveolar bone sites (P <= .035). Differences between measurement sites were insignificant in psoriasis (P >= .617), but the FD values of some measurement sides in the control group differed significantly (P <= .004). All quantitative radiomorphometric indices were significantly lower in patients with psoriasis (P <= .034) with significant differences between some sites in both groups. No significant difference was found in MG frequency distribution between the groups (P = .782). Conclusions. Trabecular architecture and cortical thickness were negatively affected in patients with psoriasis, but no differences in cortical porosity were detected between groups.Öğe Evaluation ' of mandibular alveolar bone in patients with different vertical facial patterns A cross-sectional CBCT study(Urban & Vogel, 2022) Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, SevalPurpose The study aimed to investigate the morphological and structural differences of mandibular alveolar bone between different vertical facial patterns (VFP). Methods In all, 66 CBCT scans of patients were selected for the study: 24 were designated as hyperdivergent, 25 as normodivergent, and 17 as hypodivergent. Fractal values of the interdental alveolus were measured at the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar regions. The minimum trabecular bone width (MTBW) of the alveolus, the buccal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses, and the total alveolar width (AW) at the minimum trabecular bone level were measured. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare the groups. The correlations between FMA (Frankfurt mandibular plane angle) and other measurements were analyzed by Pearson analysis. Results No significant differences were detected in fractal values and buccal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses between the groups. The MTBW and AW of the hypodivergent individuals were found to be higher in the anterior and premolar interdental sites. FMA was found to be significantly correlated with MTBW and AW. Conclusions The patients with different VFPs did not exhibit significant differences in the trabecular complexity of the mandibular alveolus. Hypodivergent patients tend to have thicker trabecular and alveolar bone widths than normodivergent and hyperdivergent individuals.Öğe Effects of modified step Le Fort I advancement surgery on nostril area and inferior nasal structures volume in class III patients: A retrospective clinical study(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Akbulut, Nihat; Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, Seval; Şen, Esengül; Altan, Ahmet; Kaymaz, GizemnurObjectiveThe effect of the modified step Le Fort I osteotomy on the inferior nasal structures and the nostril area was evaluated.Materials and methodsThis study included 24 patients who had modified step Le Fort I osteotomy. Inferior nasal concha volume (INCV), meatus nasi inferior volume (MNIV), the sum of both structures volume (TV), and nostril area (NA) were evaluated in pre- (T0) and postoperative (T1) periods.ResultsFor all patients, NA increased both on the right side (p = 0.011) and left side (p = 0.050) after surgery. The INCV and TV values were lower in T1 than those in T0; however, a statistically significant decrease of INCV and TV was found only in the right side of males (p = 0.039 and p = 0.050, respectively). No significant difference was found in MNIV between T0 and T1 measurements (p > 0.05).ConclusionMaxillary advancement with the modified step Le Fort I osteotomy technique increased the NA, which may have a positive effect on breathing function. On the other hand, although TV tended to decrease, MNIV did not change after surgery as the same decreasing tendency also existed in INCV.Öğe Investigation of the prevalence and main features of skull-base anomalies and characteristics of the sphenoid sinus using cone-beam computed tomography(Korean Acad Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 2022) Akbulut, Aslıhan; Demirel, Oğuzhan; Orhan, KaanObjectives: This study aimed to define the prevalence and characteristics of skull base anomalies and the features of sphenoid sinus pneumatization Materials and Methods: Five hundred cone-beam computed tomography scans were evaluated retrospectively for the presence of fossa navicularis magna (FNM), canalis basilaris medianus (CBM), sphenoid emissary foramen (SEF), and/or Onodi cells (OC). Patterns of the SSP and sphenoid sinus Results: The prevalence of FNM, CBM, SEF, and OC was 26.0%, 22.4%, 47.4%, and 18.4%, respectively. Two hundred sixty-two (52.4%) sellartype SSP were defined, followed by post-sellar 191 (38.2%), pre-sellar 31 (6.2%), and conchal 16 (3.2%) types. The frequency of SSMD less than 1 mm, 1-3 mm, and greater than 3 mm was 40.6%, 38.4%, and 21.0%, respectively. An SEF was detected more frequently in females, while SSMD greater than 3 mm was more frequent in males. An FNM was more prevalent in the 18-29 and 30-39 age groups and SEF was significantly less frequent in patients over 60 years of age compared to other age groups. A sinus mucosa larger than 3 mm was more common in the younger than 18 year group. The frequency of post-sellar-type pneumatization was lower in patients younger than 18 years. Conclusion: Skull-base anomalies are common and may be detected incidentally during imaging procedures. The sphenoid sinus, its variations, and pneumatization patterns should also be taken into consideration in imaging procedures performed for various purposes.Öğe Does YouTube (TM) provide reliable information on oral candidiasis?(Wiley, 2023) Şen, Seval Ceylan; Paksoy, Tuğçe; Bulut, Duygu Göller; Ustaoğlu, GülbaharObjective: To evaluate the quality, source, usefulness and/or reliability, visibility, and popularity of Youlube (TM) videos on oral candidiasis. Materials and Methods: A YouTube (TM) search for oral candidiasis was performed, setting the English language. 133 of the 351 videos watched were included in the study. Two periodontologists scored the videos for visibility, popularity, quality, utility, and reliability. Videos' quality was evaluated using the DISCERN and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) tools, by categorizing them through quality assessment, source, duration, views, likes, and dislikes of each video were noted. Results: 82.7% of the videos were moderately or very useful, and the GQS scores were mostly good (41.4%-Score 4) and excellent (42.1%-Score 5). Significant relationships were obtained between Source of Upload, Video Type, Total Discern, and GQS variables and Usefulness scores (p <0.05). The 53.4% of the video sources were Healthcare professionals and their video usefulness scores were mostly moderately useful (47.9%) and very useful (%42.3). There was a significant positive correlation between the usefulness scores of the videos and the number of likes (p = 0.004), comments (p = 0.019), and the viewing rate (p = 0.006). Conclusions: The videos that rank high in searches for oral candidiasis on YouTube (TM) are mostly useful and comprehensive videos uploaded for educational purposes.Öğe Multiple regression modeling for age estimation by assessment and comparison of spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion and cervical vertebral maturation stages(Thieme Medical Publishers Inc, 2022) Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Bayrak, Seval; Orhan, Kaan; Ankaralı, HandanObjectives The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate the relationship between spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion stages, cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages, and clivus sizes with chronological age on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, and (2) to compare these methods for accurate age estimation using regression analysis. Materials and Methods The CBCT images of 200 individuals (102 females and 98 males) were included in the study. The SOS fusion stages and CVM stages were evaluated. The width and length of the clivus were measured. The effects of SOS fusion stages, CVM stages, clivus width, and clivus length on age estimation were evaluated by univariate tests and the effects of coexistence with ANCOVA and regression model. Spearman rank correlation analysis was also used to investigate the relationship between the SOS fusion stage, CVM stage, clivus width, and clivus length. Results The SOS stages, CVM stages, and clivus width were not shown statistically significant differences between the sexes (p-values=0.205, 0.162, and 0.277, respectively), whereas clivus length was significantly longer in males (42.94.26mm) than in females (41.04 +/- 3.74mm). Multiple regression analysis showed 80% success when all parameters (SOS fusion stages, CVM stages, clivus width, and clivus length) were taken into consideration. Conclusion In conclusion, with the use of CVM stages and SOS fusion stages together, an accurate and reliable age estimation can be obtained in forensic medicine.Öğe Dental and temporomandibular joint alterations in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their association with salivary oxidative stress(TUBITAK Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2021) Yaman, Deniz; Bulut, Duygu Göller; Ustaoğlu, Gülbahar; Avcı, Emre; Taşçı, MuratBackground/aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most extensive inflammatory arthritis causing permanent deformities in the joint. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress is a substantial factor in the pathogenesis of RA. This study aimed to examine the salivary oxidant-antioxidant status of RA and control groups and to compare these biomarkers by correlating them with disease activity, acute phase reactants, and clinical findings. Materials and methods: Age and sex-matched 60 participants including 30 patients with RA and 30 control (50 females, 10 males; mean age: 42.62 +/- 10.89 years) were evaluated. RA disease activity and severity were evaluated by the disease activity score 28-C reactive protein (DAS 28-CRP). Rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity, anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positivity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), CRP, tender and swollen joint counts, and medical treatment regimens of the patients (glucocorticoids, conventional or biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) were recorded. In the radiographic examination, dental findings, and bone alterations of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were recorded and compared for both groups. Saliva samples were obtained for analysis of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), arylesterase (ARE), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels. The data analysis was conducted by independent sample t-test and chi-square test. Results: Condylar erosion was the most common radiographic change in TMJ of RA patients. Osteophyte formation was a prominent finding in the control group. Lower TAS and higher OSI levels were found in RA patients compared with controls (p = 0.013; p = 0.029, respectively). The effect of DAS 28-CRP score on the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in RA patients was not significant. Conclusion: Oxidative stress causes tissue damage in response to excessive mechanical loading, which in turn promotes TMD. However, disease activity has not a prominent impact on the salivary oxidative stress status of RA patients.Öğe Evaluation of the ethmoid bone using by cone beam computed tomography in Turkish subpopulation(MARMARA UNIV, INST HEALTH SCIENCES, 2021) Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Bayrak, Seval; Orhan, KaanObjective: The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluated anatomical structures of ethmoid bone on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in a Turkish subpopulation. Methods: The CBCT images of 200 patients (116 female and 84 male), between the age of 18 and 50 years, who met the study criteria were selected randomly. The medial ethmoid roof height (MERH), cribriform plate height (CP), the height of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate (LLCP) were measured. All the data were grouped by age, side, and gender. Results: For MERH; the mean heights for the left and the right side were 25.55 +/- 3.00 mm and 25.24 +/- 3.01 mm, respectively. There was no significant difference between right MERH and genders (p>0.05). The mean LLCP heights on the right and left sides were 4.98 +/- 2.12 mm and 4.49 +/- 1.64 mm, respectively. It was found that LLCP height did not have a statistically significant correlation with gender (p>0.05). The average of right and left CPH were calculated 20.55 +/- 2.61 mm and 20.82 +/- 2.75 mm, respectively. Both the right and left CPH were significantly higher in males (p<0.05). Also, there was no correlation between the height of the anatomical structures of the evaluated ethmoid bone and the increase or decrease in age (p>0.05). Conclusion: Morphological differences in the anatomy of ethmoid bone were shown in this study. The anatomical structures showing changes due to factors such as side, age, gender, and race should be examined in three dimensions before the operation.Öğe Evaluation of the position of lingula mandible, mental foramen and lingual foramen of individuals in the 7-17 age groups via cone-beam computed tomography(Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, 2021) Bulut, Duygu Göller; Bayrak, SevalObjective: The identification of landmarks in mandible is an important stage before dental procedures in pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the location of lingula mandible, mental foramen (MF) and lingual foramen (LF) in a pediatric population. Methods: The distance of lingula mandible to the anterior, posterior, superior, and inferior borders of mandible and to distal edge of the alveolar socket of the 1st molar tooth were measured in 296 cone-beam CT. MF and LF distance to the top of the alveolar crest and the inferior edge of the basis mandibulae were determined. The horizontal location of MF was evaluated. Results: The distance between lingula mandible and the sigmoid notch, the inferior border of the ramus, the anterior border of the ramus and the posterior border of the ramus was 18.63 +/- 4.52 mm, 24.81 +/- 5.19 mm 14.67 +/- 2.39 mm, and 15.14 +/- 3.06 mm respectively. The MF was mostly located between long axes of first and second premolar teeth. LF is closer to the inferior edge of the basis mandibulae. Conclusion: It is necessary to determine anatomical landmarks in children prior to the surgical operations to prevent the possible neurovascular complications.
