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    The evaluation of exposure to hepatitis A virus in HBsAg-positive persons: A multicentre study from Turkey
    (Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2014) Çelen, Mustafa Kemal; Türker, Kamuran; Öztoprak, Nefise Çuvalcı; Şener, Alper; Tuna, Nazan; Sırmatel, Fatma
    Chronic hepatitis B is a major public health problem in our country. Hepatitis A vaccination in HBV carriers who did not encounter with Hepatitis A virus is also significant. We aimed to evaluate the rate of exposure to HAV in HBsAg-positive persons, and the distribution of seronegative individuals according to age groups. Medical records of 4793 patients from 14 centers who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A total 3514 cases (73.3%) were male and 1279 (26.7) were female. The HBsAg positive patients who were previously tested for HAV IgG at the time of firstly admitted to a center. HBsAg positive patients who were previously not tested for HAV IgG were tested and these . patients were confirmed serologically for HAV. The distribution of cases according to age were determined. In this study, 4793 HBsAg-positive patients were evaluated. The ratio of testing of anti-HAV IgG was very low during the first visit (54.2%). Seronegativity was highest in the age group under 19 years of age (26.2%) followed by 20-25 age group (15.5%) and 26-29 age group (12.5%). Testing of HAV serology should not be ignored in especially HBsAg-positive young adults and seronegative young adults should be vaccinated.
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    Helicobacter pylori and kindergarten toys
    (2011) Karabay, Oğuz; Koçoğlu, Esra; Sandıkçı, Özlem; Öğütlü, Aziz; Tuna, Nazan
    Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is prevalent throughout the world. It is an infection acquired usually at school age, and lasts lifelong if left untreated. Numerous studies have been conducted concerning the prevalence, contamination routes and risk factors of H. pylori. Its prevalence varies according to age and country (1). How H. pylori is acquired and the contamination routes are clearly not known at present. The commonest route for contamination is oral-oral or fecal-oral. The prevalence has been reported to be high in places with poor hygienic conditions and in crowded living conditions, such as in nurseries, kindergartens and rehabilitation centers, leading to contamination via the fecal-oral route. Various substances, either alive or inorganic, can play a role in H. Pylori contamination. However, there are numerous sources that might play a role in contamination in childhood, which have not yet been investigated. Do the toys shared among children play a role in H. pylori contamination? As far as we know, this is the first study that aims to investigate the role of shared kindergarten toys in H. pylori contamination (2,3).