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    Effects of oral L-arginine supplementation on vasodilation and VO2max in male soccer players
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2010) Yaman, Hulya; Tiryaki-Sonmez, Gul; Gurel, Kamil
    Study aim: To determine the effects of oral L-arginine supplementation on vasodilation, blood flow and maximum oxygen uptake (VO(2)max) in soccer players. Material and methods: A group of 24 healthy male soccer players aged 20 - 26 years volunteered to participate in the study. The subjects were randomly assigned into 3 groups: experimental, placebo and control. Experimental group was given L-arginine (6 g orally) and the placebo group - starch (6 g orally) daily for a week; subjects from the control group remained untreated. Before the test and at the end of the week blood samples were collected, and systemic blood pressures, blood flows and maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)max, by Queens College step test) were recorded. Blood samples were assayed for HDL, LDL, triglyceride and urea concentrations. The study was conducted in a randomised, single-blinded, placebo-controlled fashion consisting of 7-day treatment periods. Results: Oral supplementation of L-arginine significantly (p<0.01) decreased blood pressure indices and increased VO(2)max (p<0.01), blood flow (p<0.05), femoral artery diameter (p<0.05) and urea levels (p<0.05). There was no change in blood lipid levels (p<0.05). No significant changes were noted in the placebo and control groups. Conclusions: Oral supplementation of L-arginine may have beneficial effect on vasodilation and VO(2)max, therefore may increase the exercise capacity of soccer players.
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    Omega-3 fatty acids and exercise: a review of their combined effects on body composition and physical performance
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2011) Tiryaki-Sonmez, Gul; Schoenfeld, Brad; Vatansever-Ozen, Serife
    Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, and the long-chain n-3 derivatives eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in particular, have been extensively researched for their nutritive effects. Among their many purported benefits, n-3 acids have been implicated as positive mediators of cardiovascular health and body composition. It has therefore been speculated that supplementation may enhance the beneficial effects of physical activity, potentiating greater reductions in body fat and improvements in exercise performance. This paper has three objectives: first, to assess the theoretical basis for a synergistic ef-fect when n-3 supplementation is combined with exercise; second, to review the literature as to specific findings on the subject and third, to make relevant conclusions and recommendations for future research.