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    Four new species of Andricus Hartig oak gallwasp from Turkey (Hymenoptera : Cynipidae, Cynipini)
    (Magnolia Press, 2014) Mutun, Serap; Dinç, Serdar; Bozso, Miklos; Melika, George
    Four new species of oak gallwasps, Andricus ahmeti, A. anatolicus, A. bakrachus and A. turcicus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) are described from Turkey. All four species are known only from asexual females and induce galls on twigs and young shoots on Q. infectoria, Q. macranthera and Q. petraea. Data on the diagnosis, distribution and biology of the four new species are given. Andricus stonei and Aphelonyx kordestanica are listed for the first time for the Turkish oak gallwasp fauna.
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    A new species of Andricus Hartig oak gall wasp from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)
    (Univ Oradea Publ House, 2014) Dinç, Serdar; Mutun, Serap; Melika, George
    A new species of oak gall wasp, Andricus shuhuti (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) is described from Turkey. This species is known only from asexual females and induces galls on the twigs and young shoots of Quercus vulcanica and Q. infectoria. Data on the diagnosis, distribution and biology of the new species are given.
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    Tournament ABC analysis of the western Palaearctic population history of an oak gall wasp, Synergus umbraculus
    (Wiley, 2017) Stone, Graham N.; White, Sarah C.; Csoka, Gyorgy; Melika, George; Mutun, Serap
    Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is a powerful and widely used approach in inference of population history. However, the computational effort required to discriminate among alternative historical scenarios often limits the set that is compared to those considered more likely a priori. While often justifiable, this approach will fail to consider unexpected but well-supported population histories. We used a hierarchical tournament approach, in which subsets of scenarios are compared in a first round of ABC analyses and the winners are compared in a second analysis, to reconstruct the population history of an oak gall wasp, Synergus umbraculus (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) across the Western Palaearctic. We used 4,233bp of sequence data across seven loci to explore the relationships between four putative Pleistocene refuge populations in Iberia, Italy, the Balkans and Western Asia. We compared support for 148 alternative scenarios in eight pools, each pool comprising all possible rearrangements of four populations over a given topology of relationships, with or without founding of one population by admixture and with or without an unsampled ghost population. We found very little support for the directional out of the east scenario previously inferred for other gall wasp community members. Instead, the best-supported models identified Iberia as the first-regional population to diverge from the others in the late Pleistocene, followed by divergence between the Balkans and Western Asia, and founding of the Italian population through late Pleistocene admixture from Iberia and the Balkans. We compare these results with what is known for other members of the oak gall community, and consider the strengths and weaknesses of using a tournament approach to explore phylogeographic model space.
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    Two new species of oak gall wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)
    (Magnolia Press, 2020) Mutun, Serap; Dinç, Serdar; Melika, George
    Two new species of oak gall wasps, Cynips izzetbaysali sp. nov. and Callirhytis afion sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) are described from Turkey. The new Cynips species is known only from asexual females and induces detachable leaf galls on Quercus infectoria. The sexual generation of the new Callirhytis species is known to induce acorn galls on Ouercus cerris. Data on the diagnosis, distribution, and biology of the two new species are given.