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    Alleviation of Cadmium Stress on Pollens of Quince Varieties Through Epibrassinolide
    (Springer, 2024) Muradoglu, Ferhad; Beyhan, Omer; Demir, Taki; Manzoor, Muhammad Arsalan; Sonmez, Ferit; Balik, Hueseyin Irfan
    Environmental factors significantly impact plant physiological processes, especially during pollination and fertilization. Pollen germination (PG) and pollen tube length (PTL), crucial in plant reproduction, are particularly vulnerable to environmental contaminants that affect fruit sets adversely. This study investigated the impact of varying cadmium (Cd) doses, a significant toxic heavy metal, and the alleviative potential of external 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) applications on cadmium stress, determined through PG and PTL. Quince pollen viability rates, assessed using the TTC (2-3-5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) viability test, varied between 38.58% and 55.80%. PG and PTL rates decreased in response to higher Cd doses. The application of epiBL increased PG and PTL, but a notable decline was observed at the 2.00 mu M application. A positive relationship between the application dosage of epiBL and its alleviation effect on Cd stress on PG and PTL was observed except for the 2.00 mM. Results revealed variability in PG and PTL rates among quince varieties, and PG and PTL rates decreased with higher Cd doses. This study suggests that epiBL up to 0.50 mM is an efficient tool for alleviating Cd stress in quince pollens.
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    Analysis of Nutrient and Heavy Metal Contents of Historical Apple Varieties Growing in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkiye
    (Springer, 2024) Kirs, Tuba; Berk, Selma Kuru; Gundogdu, Muttalip; Muradoglu, Ferhad; Manzoor, Muhammad Arsalan
    Apple's rising popularity among consumers can be attributed to its delightful taste and rich nutritional value. Nonetheless, little is known about the interrelationships between soil, leaf, and fruit pulp minerals. In this investigation, the mineral property relationships between the soils, leaf and fruit pulp of local cultivars were evaluated by correlation analysis. The soil exhibited a texture ranging from sandy loam, with a very low organic matter content. Mineral contents were higher in the leaves compared to the fruit pulp. While macro elements were determined in high amounts, the amounts of iron and zinc from micro elements were insufficient and the amount of manganese was found to be low. While the amount of potassium was determined to be highest in the leaf in 'Cebe girmez' cultivar (23,787 ppm), it was determined to be lowest in the fruit in 'Bey elmas & imath;' cultivar (18,437 ppm). Heavy metals content remained within acceptable limits, the 'Aslik' cultivar exhibiting the highest compared to others. In the fruit, the highest Pb (6.79 ppm) and Cd (0.41 ppm) amounts were determined in 'Aslik' cultivar and the lowest Se amount (0.38 ppm) was determined in 'Bey elmas & imath;' cultivar. Positive correlations were established between mineral elements found in fruit pulp and leaf. This information will be useful for the exploitation of apple resources and for developing appropriate new cultivars to sustain fruit quality.