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    Interaction of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) and crown rot fungus (Fusarium culmorum) associated with spring wheat resistance under simulated field conditions
    (Springer, 2022) Laasli, Salah Eddine; İmren, Mustafa; Özer, Göksel; Mokrini, Fouad; Lahlali, Rachid; Bert, Wim
    The root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, and the crown rot fungus, Fusarium culmorum, cause tremendous damage to a wide range of grain crops, resulting in significant economic losses in the global yield production. The presence of both pathogens simultaneously in cereal fields puts more pressure on breeding programs, restricting new resistant cultivars to express their potential. This study investigated 150 spring wheat lines of the 18KASIB-CORE nursery for their host suitability to P. thornei and F. culmorum, inoculated singly or in combination. Forty-eight lines were resistant to P. thornei, while 16 lines were moderately resistant to F. culmorum. Among these, nine lines maintained their resistance reaction against the complex disease involving both pathogens, while only four lines provided resistance against individual and combined infestations. Infestation scenarios of both pathogens were monitored for each resistant variety and predicted using both reproduction factor and disease index. Pratylenchus thornei downgraded all resistant lines to F. culmorum, facilitating infestation and making their severity more pronounced (169% cumulative damage) with a negative impact on yield performance. These findings are useful for improving nematode x fungus resistance in wheat and selecting promising germplasm for breeding purposes against both diseases.
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    Phytopathogenic nematodes associated with olive trees (Olea europaea L.) in North Africa: Current status and management prospects
    (Springer, 2023) Laasli, Salah Eddine; Mokrini, Fouad; Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; Yüksel, Ebubekir; İmren, Mustafa; Amiri, Said
    The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a significantly important crop in an ecological, economic, and cultural manner, particularly in North Africa. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are dangerous soilborne pathogens, particularly in olive nurseries, contributing to annual economic and yield losses. However, the impact of these nematodes on olive orchards and nurseries has been documented in only a few countries. This review aims to provide (1) an update on the current status of PPNs associated with olive trees in North African countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya). (2) Reviewing their current diversity in different taxonomic levels and highlighting the frequencies of different taxa causing damage to olive trees, (3) describing their role as root and soil health bioindicators via potential affiliation with edaphic properties, and (4) listing current management strategies against PPNs in olives with a focus on integrated biocontrol methods. Dedicating more research topics to the nematode communities associated with olive trees is extremely important for assuring better management to reach cropping yield sustainability.