Yazar "Kumar, Vinay" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 3 / 3
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Applications of carbon nanomaterials in the plant system: A perspective view on the pros and cons
    (Elsevier, 2019) Verma, Sandeep Kumar; Das, Ashok Kumar; Gantait, Saikat; Kumar, Vinay; Gürel, Ekrem
    With the remarkable development in the field of nanotechnology, carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) have been widely used for numerous applications in different areas of the plant system. The current understanding about the CNMs' accumulation, translocation, plant growth responses, and stress modulations in the plant system is far from complete. There have been relentless efforts by the researchers worldwide in order to acquire newer insights into the plant-CNMs interactions and the consequences. The present review intends to update the reader with the status of the impacts of the different CNMs on plant growth. Research reports from the plant biotechnologists have documented mixed effects (which are dependent on CNMs' concentration) of the CNMs' exposure on plants ranging from enhanced crop yield to acute cytotoxicity. The growth and yield pattern vary from species to species and are dependent on the dosage of the CNMs applied. Studies found an increase in vegetative growth and yield of fruit/seed at lower concentration of CNMs, but a decrease in these observables were also noted when higher concentrations of CNMs were used. In general, at lower concentrations, CNMs were found to be effective in enhancing (water uptake, water transport, seed germination, nitrogenase, photosystemand antioxidant activities), activating (water channels proteins) and promoting (nutrition absorption); all these change when concentrations are raised. All these aspects have been reviewed thoroughly in this article, with a focus on the recent updates on the role of the CNMs in augmenting or retarding plant growth. Sections have been devoted to the various features of the CNMs and their roles in inducing plant growth, phytotoxic responses of the plants and overall crop improvement. Concluding remarks have been added to propose future directions of research on the CNMs-plant interactions and also to sound a warning on the use of CNMs in agriculture. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Engineered nanomaterials for plant growth and development: a perspective analysis
    (Elsevier, 2018) Verma, Sandeep Kumar; Das, Ashok Kumar; Patel, Manoj Kumar; Shah, Ashish; Kumar, Vinay
    With the overwhelmingly rapid advancement in the field of nanotechnology, the engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been extensively used in various areas of the plant system including quality improvement, growth and nutritional value enhancement, gene preservation etc. There are several recent reports on the ENMs influence on growth enhancements, growth inhibition as well as certain toxic impacts on plant. However, translocation, growth responses and stress modulation mechanisms of ENMs in the plant systems call for better and indepth understanding. Herein, we are presenting a comprehensive and critical account of different types of ENMs, their applications and their positive, negative and null impacts on physiological and molecular aspects of plant growth, development and stress responses. Recent reports revealed mixed effects on plants, ranging from enhanced crop yield, epiigenetic alterations, and phytotoxicity, resulting from the ENMs' exposure, Creditable research in recent years has revealed that the effects of ENMs on plants are species specific and are variable among plant species. ENM exposures are reported to trigger free radical formation, responsive scavenging, and antioxidant armories in the exposed plants. The ENMs are also reported to induce aberrant expressions of microRNAs, the key post-transcriptional regulators of plant growth, development and stress-responses of plants. However, these modulations, if judiciously done, may lead to improved plant growth and yield. A better understanding of the interactions between ENMs and plant responses, including their uptake transport, internalization, and activity, could revolutionize crop production through increased disease resistance, nutrient utilization, and crop yield. Therefore, in this review, we are presenting actitical account of the different selected ENMs, their uptake by the plants, their positive/negative impacts on plant growth and development, along with the resultant ENM-responsive post-transcriptional modifications, especially, aberrant m1RNA expressions. In addition, underlying mechanisms of various ENM-plant cell interactions have been discussed. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Exploring miRNAs for developing climate-resilient crops: A perspective review
    (Elsevier, 2019) Xu, Jin; Hou, Qin-Min; Khare, Tushar; Verma, Sandeep Kumar; Kumar, Vinay
    Climate changes and environmental stresses have significant implications on global crop production and necessitate developing crops that can withstand an array of climate changes and environmental perturbations such as irregular water-supplies leading to drought or water-logging, hyper soil-salinity, extreme and variable temperatures, ultraviolet radiations and metal stress. Plants have intricate molecular mechanisms to cope with these dynamic environmental changes, one of the most common and effective being the reprogramming of expression of stress-responsive genes. Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key post-transcriptional and translational regulators of gene-expression for modulation of stress implications. Recent reports are establishing their key roles in epigenetic regulations of stress/adaptive responses as well as in providing plants genome-stability. Several stress responsive miRNAs are being identified from different crop plants and miRNA-driven RNA interference (RNAi) is turning into a technology of choice for improving crop traits and providing phenotypic plasticity in challenging environments. Here we presents a perspective review on exploration of miRNAs as potent targets for engineering crops that can withstand multi-stress environments via loss-/gain-of-function approaches. This review also shed a light on potential roles plant miRNAs play in genome-stability and their emergence as potent target for genome-editing. Current knowledge on plant miRNAs, their biogenesis, function, their targets, and latest developments in bioinformatics approaches for plant miRNAs are discussed. Though there are recent reviews discussing primarily the individual miRNAs responsive to single stress factors, however, considering practical limitation of this approach, special emphasis is given in this review on miRNAs involved in responses and adaptation of plants to multi-stress environments including at epigenetic and/or epigenomic levels. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.