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    Crystalline structure of heat-treated Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] and Uludag fir [Abies nordmanniana (Stev.) subsp bornmuelleriana (Mattf.)] wood
    (Springer, 2007) Akgül, Mehmet; Gümüşkaya, Esat; Korkut, Süleyman
    The aim of this study was to determine changes in crystallinity and crystalline unit cell type of heat-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Uludag fir (Abies nordmanniana stev. subsp. bornmuelleriana Mattf.) wood samples by means of FT-IR spectroscopic method. Heat treatment was applied on the test samples in an oven at three different temperatures (120, 150, and 180 degrees C) and for two different periods of time (6 and 10 h) under atmospheric pressure. It was designated that crystallinity of both Scots pine and Uludag fir wood samples increased during heat treatment depending on the duration. However, monoclinic structure in crystalline unit cells of Scots pine and Uludag fir wood samples converted to triclinic structure when heat treated. It was estimated that monoclinic structure was dominant in the crystalline unit cell. It was established that the crystalline structure of Scots pine wood samples was more affected by heat treatment than that of Uludag fir wood samples.
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    Effect of drying temperature on surface roughness of oak (Quercus petraea ssp iberica (Steven ex Bieb) Krassiln) Veneer
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2007) Korkut, Süleyman; Akgül, Mehmet
    This paper reports the effect of various drying temperatures on the surface roughness (SR) characteristics of veneer samples. Three SR parameters [average roughness (R-a), average maximum height of the profile (R-z), and root mean square roughness (R-q)] were measured on sliced veneer obtained from Oak logs (Quercus petraea ssp. iberica (Steven ex Bieb) Krassiln). The sliced veneers were dried at 100, 115 and 130 degrees C drying temperatures for 2 min. Roughness measurements were taken from the surface of the samples in across the grain orientation of the veneer. The results showed that the effect of drying temperatures used in practice is statistically significant on SR of the sliced veneers. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of various tire retardants on surface roughness of plywood
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2006) Ayrılmış, Nadir; Korkut, Süleyman; Tanrıtanır, Ercan; Winandy, Jerrold E.; Hızıroğlu, Salim
    In this study the surface roughness of plywood treated with various fire retardants was investigated. Commercially manufactured veneer of Akaba wood (Tetraberlinia bifoliolata) was treated with borax, boric acid, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate, then experimental plywood panels were made from these veneer sheets. A stylus method was employed to evaluate the surface characteristics of the samples. Three main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (R-z), mean peak-to-valley height (R-a), and maximum roughness (R-max) obtained from the surface of plywood were used to evaluate the effect of chemical treatments on the surface characteristics of the specimens. Significant difference was determined (p = 0.05) between surface roughness parameters (R-a, R-z, R-max) for four treatments and two retentions of fire retardants. Samples treated with 3% concentration of borax had the smoothest surface with 11.09 mu m R-a while the roughest surface was found for the samples treated with 6% boric acid having R-a value of 12.44 mu m. Results revealed that the surface quality of the panels reduced with increasing chemical concentration.
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    The effects of heat treatment on technological properties in Red-bud maple (Acer trautvetteri Medw.) wood
    (Elsevier Science Ltd., 2008) Korkut, Süleyman; Kök, Mehmet Şamil; Korkut, Derya Sevim; Gürleyen, Tuğba
    Heat treatment is often used to improve the dimensional stability of wood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on technological properties of Red-bud maple (Acer trautvetteri Medw.) wood were examined. Samples obtained from Duzce Forest Enterprises, Turkey, were subjected to heat treatment at varying temperatures (120 degrees C, 150 degrees C and 180 degrees C) and for varying durations (2 h, 6 It and 10 h). The technological properties of heat-treated wood samples and control samples were tested. Compression strength parallel to grain, bending strength, modulus of elasticity in bending, janka-hardness, impact bending strength, and tension strength perpendicular to grain were determined. The results showed that technological strength values decreased with increasing treatment temperature and treatment times. Red-bud maple wood could be utilized by using proper heat treatment techniques with minimal losses in strength values in areas where working, and stability such as in window frames, are important factors. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Tomruklardan maksimum kereste randımanı elde etmek için iki boyutlu geometrik teori
    (2004) Korkut, Süleyman
    Tomruktan maksimum kereste randımanı elde etmek için iki boyutlu geometrik teori geliştirildi. Daire ve elips şeklindeki tomrukların merkezileştirilmiş prizma biçme çözümleri elde edilmiştir. Maksimum randıman için biçme hattının yerleşimi yuvarlak tomrukların çapma veya elips şeklindeki tomrukların enine kesit eksenine bağlıdır. Prizma yüzeyinin genişliği 0.707 x tomruğun paralel ekseni veya çapı'na eşittir. Kapak tahtası kalınlığı 0.147 x tomruğun dik ekseni veya çapı'na eşittir. Teori daire ve elips tomruk biçimlerini varsayar ve bilgisayarlı tomruk işleme kararlan uygulandığı zaman hesaplama zamanını tatmin edici düzeyde azaltan bir metot sunar.
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    Turkey's native wood species: Physical and mechanical characterization and surface roughness of Rowan (Sorbus Aucuparia L.)
    (Slovak Forest Products Research Inst, 2009) Korkut, Süleyman; Güller, Bilgin; Aytin, Ayhan; Kök, Mehmet Şamil
    This article aims to familiarize wood expert outside Turkey eith the wood of Rowan by comparing its physical and mechanical properties with some of the world's more recognized hardwood species. The sample trees were harvested from, a mixed oak-hornbeam-rowan stand, north-western part of Turkey. Conventional destructive methods were followed on small clean specimens. Rowan wood's air dry (801 kg.m(-3)), oven dry (737 kg.m(-3)) and basic (635 kg.m(-3)) densities were determined. Fiber saturation point was calculated to be 23.79%; volumetric shrinkage and swelling were found as 15.048% and 18.465%; MOR, MOE, compression strength parallel to grain, impact bending, tensile strength parallel and perpendicular to grain, shear strength, cleavage strength, Janka hardness values (parallel and perpendicular to grain) and surface roughness (Ra) value were determined as 115.571 N.mm(-2), 9843.857 N.mm(-2), 55.027 N.mm(-2), 14.849 J.cm(-2), 120.71 N.mm(-2), 6.187 N.mm(-2), 12.792 N.mm(-2), 0.941 N.mm(-2), 1.416 and 1.159 kN, 7.239 (mu m) respectively. Four main roughness parameters, mean arithmetic deviation of profile (Ra), mean peak-to-valley height (Rz), root mean square roughness (Rq), and maximum roughness (Ry) were used to evaluate the surface characteristics of the specimens.