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    An epidemiological study to evaluate the use of vitamin K antagonists and new oral anticoagulants among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients in Turkey- AFTER-2 study design
    (Turkish Society Cardiology, 2015) Ertaş, Faruk; Kaya, Hasan; Yıldız, Abdulkadir; Davutoğlu, Vedat; Kiriş, Abdulkadir; Erkuş, Musluhittin Emre
    Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common causes of preventable ischemic stroke and is related to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of data in Turkey on the use of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs), and time in therapeutic INR range (TTR) in vitamin K antagonist users and AF management modality. In this multi-center trial, we aimed to analyze, follow and evaluate the epidemiological data in non-valvular AF patients. Study design: Four thousand one hundred consecutive adult patients from 42 centers with at least one AF attack identified on electrocardiography will be included in the study. Patients with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis and prosthetic valve disease will be excluded from the study. At the end of one year, the patients will be evaluated in terms of major cardiac end points (death, transient ischemic attack, stroke, systemic thromboembolism, major bleeding and hospitalization). Results: First results are expected in June 2015. Data about major cardiovascular end-points will be available in January 2016. Conclusion: The rates and kind of oral anticoagulant use, TTR in vitamin K antagonist users and main management modality applied in non-valvular AF patients will be determined by AFTER-2 study. In addition, the rate of major adverse events (MACEs) and the independent predictors of these MACEs will be detected (AFTER-2 Study ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT02354456.).
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    Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) levels in patients with schizophrenia
    (Springer, 2023) Cakil, Atike Gul; Kaya, Hasan; Sakalli Nural, Arzu; Cakmak, Isik Batuhan; Okay, Ihsan Tuncer; Goka, Erol
    Rationale Although the immune system is thought to contribute to the etiology of schizophrenia, the mechanism has not been elucidated. Clarifying the relationship between them is important in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention approaches.Objective In this study, it is aimed to determine whether there is any difference in serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the group of patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers, whether these values are changed by medical treatment, whether there is any relation between these values and the severity of the symptoms of patients with schizophrenia, and whether NGAL can be used as a biomarker in the diagnosis and the follow-up of the schizophrenia.Methods A total of 64 patients who were hospitalized in the Psychiatry Clinic of Ankara City Hospital and diagnosed with schizophrenia and 55 healthy volunteers were included in the study. A sociodemographic information form was given to all participants and TNF-alpha and NGAL values were measured. Positive and Negative Symptoms Rating Scale (PANSS) were applied to the schizophrenia group on admission and follow-up. TNF-alpha and NGAL levels were re-measured in the 4th week after the start of antipsychotic treatment.Results As a result of the present study, it was found that NGAL levels decreased significantly after antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia patients hospitalized with exacerbation. There was no significant correlation between NGAL and TNF-alpha levels among schizophrenia and the control group.Conclusion In psychiatric diseases, especially schizophrenia, there may be differences in immune and inflammatory markers compared to the healthy population. After treatment, the NGAL levels of the patients at follow-up were reduced compared to the levels at admission. It can be thought that NGAL may be related to psychopathology in schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment. This is the first follow-up study for NGAL levels in schizophrenia.