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    Evaluation of peripheral inflammatory markers, serum B12, folate, ferritin levels and clinical correlations in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2021) Topal, Zehra; Tufan, Ali Evren; Karadağ, Mehmet; Gökçen, Cem; Akkaya, Canan; Sarp, Ayşe Sevde; Bahsi, İlhan; Kılınç, Metin
    Aim The aim of the current study is to compare serum B12, folate, and ferritin levels and peripheral inflammatory indicators between children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate the correlation of those with symptoms. Materials and Methods A total of 203 children were evaluated (ASD = 72; ADHD = 61; HC = 70). Diagnoses of ASD and ADHD were ascertained according to Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Control group was chosen among the healthy children who applied to general pediatrics outpatient clinic. Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2 is used to assess autistic symptoms and Atilla Turgay DSM-IV Based Child and Adolescent Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale is used for ADHD symptoms. Results Neutrophil levels (p = 0.014) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p = 0.016) were higher in the ADHD and ASD groups compared to HC. Neutrophil values explained 70.1% of the variance across groups while NLR explained a further 29.9% of the variance. NLR significantly correlated with social interaction problems in ASD (r = 0.26, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of vitamin B12, folate and ferritin levels. Conclusion Our results may support involvement of inflammation in the underlying pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, these parameters should be analyzed in a wider population to clarify the effect on the etiology and symptomatology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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    Remission rates, time to remission, and related factors in adolescents with major depressive disorder
    (Aves, 2021) Topal, Zehra; Öztürk, Yusuf; Demir, Nuran; Adıgüzel, Öznur; Karadağ, Mehmet; Tufan, Ali Evren
    Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common disorder in children and adolescents that can cause serious morbidity and mortality. Although response rates to treatment are high, less than half of the adolescents with MDD achieve remission. The present study aims to evaluate remission rates, time to remission, and the predictors of remission in adolescents with MDD. Methods: This study included 34 adolescents with MDD who were followed-up for a minimum period of 120days. The adolescents were assessed with the Clinic Global Impression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Young Mania Rating Scale, Child Mania Rating Scale, and Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders at the baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Results: 67.6% of the adolescents had at least one comorbid diagnosis. The remission rate at week 12 was 735%. The mean time to remission was 72.0days. The female adolescents achieved a significantly higher remission rate than the males. Conclusion: The majority of adolescents achieved remission following acute treatment, and that the time to remission for the female adolescents was shorter compared with the males. Remission time does seem neither to be related to the number of medications prescribed nor to the number of comorbid diagnoses.