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    Comparison of residual monomer amounts released from indirect bonding adhesives
    (E H Angle Education and Research Foundation Inc, 2023) Hezenci, Yasin; Akdeniz, Berat Serdar
    Objectives: To quantify the amount of residual monomer released from orthodontic adhesives used in the indirect bonding technique and compare it to a direct bonding composite resin.Materials and Methods: Five hundred stainless steel orthodontic brackets were bonded on bovine incisors using five groups of bonding resins: Transbond XT (TXT), Transbond Supreme LV (SLV), Sondhi Rapid-Set (SRS), Transbond IDB (IDB), and Custom I.Q. (CIQ). Liquid samples were gathered on the first, seventh, 21st, and 35th days. Residual monomer release was measured from the liquid samples with a liquid chromatography device. In addition, the amount and shape of the adhesive between the tooth surface and the bracket base was evaluated using obtained electron microscopy images. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, and a Tukey post-hoc test was applied.Results: Hydroxyethylmethacrylate and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate monomers were released by all study groups. Urethane-dimethacrylate was released from the TXT, SLV, IDB, and CIQ groups. Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate was released from TXT, SLV, IDB, and SRS groups. The amount of total monomer release was higher in chemically cured adhesives than in light-cured adhesives. Among the chemically cured adhesives, premix adhesives had the highest amount of total monomer release. The light-cured adhesives had less thickness.Conclusions: Light-curing adhesives have significantly less monomer release than chemically polymerized adhesives. (Angle Orthod. 2023;93:558-565.)
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    Correlation of skeletal development and midpalatal suture maturation
    (Bmc, 2024) Hezenci, Yasin; Bulut, Musa
    ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to determine the relationship between MPS maturation and CVM stage determined from CBCTs.Materials and methodsCBCT images of 130 individuals (75 females, 55 males) with a mean age of 15.04 +/- 3.11 (9.56-25.05 years) were analyzed. Images were analyzed using the i-CAT Vision software program. The cephalometric images to be examined were also obtained from the same CBCT images with the ImageJ program. The correlation between MPS and CVM stages was evaluated using the Spearman correlation test. The relationship between the skeletal developmental stage and MPS maturation, as assessed by the CVM method, was evaluated with the positive likelihood ratio.ResultsSignificant correlations were found between CVM and MPS maturation stages. Positive LHR values of cervical vertebral stages were obtained to define the maturation stages of the midpalatal suture. LHR values greater than ten were found between CS2, CS5, and CS6 and maturation stages B, D, and E, respectively. A 15-30% correlation was observed between CS3 and CS4 maturation stages B and C, respectively. A positive correlation of 15% was found between CS3 and stage C.ConclusionMPS fusion is more likely to occur after CS4. The correlation between the CVM and MPS maturation stages is significant (r = 0.858). CVM stages CS2, CS4, and CS6 can be a preliminary indicator for MPS stages B, D, and E, respectively. CS5 shows that MPS fusion has occurred partially or completely.Clinical relevanceA significant relationship exists between skeletal developmental stages and suture maturation.
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    Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on intracranial pressure
    (Cell Press, 2024) Hezenci, Yasin; Bulut, Musa; Demirel, Oguzhan
    Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the optic nerve sheath diameter and to examine its possible effects on intracranial pressure. Design: 20 patients with bilateral crossbite were selected. Hyrax Expander was applied and activated twice daily until the overcorrection was achieved. The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) was measured via ultrasonography before the first activation (T0), then repeated after 1 (T1) and 10 min (T2). At the end of the expansion, ONSD was measured (T3) again, then the screw was activated for the last time, and measurements were repeated after 1 (T4) and 10 min (T5). The Friedman test was performed to compare the changes, and The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was done to determine the significant intergroup changes (p < 0.05). Results: The ONSD increased significantly 1 min after the activations (T0-T1 and T3-T4) (P < 0.05). The ONSD values measured 10 min after the activations also increased significantly compared to the baseline values (T0-T2 and T3-T5) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The activation of maxillary expansion appliances increased the optic nerve sheath diameter in adolescents. Therefore, orthodontists should be careful with patients at risk of intracranial hypertension.
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    Effect of Royal Jelly on new bone formation in rapid maxillary expansion in rats
    (Medicina Oral S L, 2015) Özan, Fatih; Çörekçi, Bayram; Toptaş, Orçun; Halıcıoğlu, Koray; Irgın, Celal; Yılmaz, Fahri; Hezenci, Yasin
    Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long and short term systemic usage of royal jelly on bone formation in the expanded maxillary suture in a rat model. Material and Methods: Twenty eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: Control (C); Only Expansion (OE), Royal Jelly (RJ) group, Royal Jelly was given to rats by oral gavage only during the expansion and retention period; Royal Jelly plus Nursery (RJN) group, Royal Jelly was given to rats by oral gavage during their nursery phase of 40 days and during the retention period. After the 5 day expansion period was completed, the rats underwent 12 days of mechanical retention. All rats were sacrificed in same time. Histological examination was performed to determine the number of osteoclasts, number of osteoblasts, number of capillaries, inflammatory cell infiltration, and new bone formation. Results: New bone formation, number of osteoclasts, number of osteoblasts, and the number of capillaries in the expanded maxillary sutures were higher in the RJ and RJN groups than in the other groups. Statistical analysis also demonstrated that new bone formation and the number of osteoblasts was also highest in the RJN group. Conclusions: The systemic administration of Royal Jelly in conjunction with rapid maxillary expansion may increase the quality of regenerated bone.
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    Effects of plasma-emulating light emitting diode (LED) versus conventional LED on cytotoxic effects of orthodontic cements as a function of polymerization capacity
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2014) Çörekçi, Bayram; Halıcıoğlu, Koray; Irgın, Celal; Hezenci, Yasin; Yavuz, Muhsine Zeynep
    Objectives: The study was aimed at evaluating, in vitro, cytotoxicity of four resin-based orthodontic cements (RBOC) as a function of degree of conversion (DC) and the light curing unit (LCU) employed on mouse fibroblast (L929). Materials and Methods: Nine samples were manufactured for each group of cements using plasma-emulating light-emitting diode (LED) and conventional LED. Toxicity was assessed by immersing four specimens to culture medium (24 h/37 degrees C) for extracting residual monomer or cytotoxic substance. Cell mitochondrial activity of L929 cell was evaluated using methyl tetrazolium (MTT) test. DC was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for five samples. Results: Cements, LCUs, and interaction between cements and LCUs were found to play a statistically significant role in cytotoxicity (p < 0.0001). Opal band cement (OPAL) plasma LED was found noncytotoxic (90-100% cell viability). The other RBOC-LCU combinations were slightly cytotoxic (60-90% cell viability). Cements (p < 0.01) and LCUs (p < 0.05) had a statistically significant effect on DC. Conversely, interaction between cement and LCU had no statistically significant role on DC (p > 0.05). OPAL plasma LED displayed the highest levels of DC. The correlations between cell viability and DC were positive for three RBOCs. Conclusion: Therefore, high-intensity LCUs can be said to efficiently affect polymerization, so higher DC rates may achieve higher cell viability rates. Clinical Relevance: Cements and LCUs must be matched to each another to result in higher DC and maximal biocompatibility. Dual cure systems presented relatively high cell survival and higher DC, thus expressing superior to single-cure systems with plasma LED.
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    Is hand-wrist radiography still necessary in orthodontic treatment planning?
    (Bmc, 2024) Bulut, Musa; Hezenci, Yasin
    Objectives The aim of our study is to compare the relationship between hand-wrist and cervical vertebra maturation stages with chronological age and to investigate the effect of malocclusion type on the relationship between these methods. Materials and methods Hand-wrist and cephalometric radiographs of 1000 patients (526 females, 474 males) with a mean age of 13.41 +/- 1.83 were analyzed. The methods of Bacetti et al. were used for the cervical vertebra maturation stage, and Bj & ouml;rk, Grave and Brown's methods were used for the hand-wrist maturation stage. One-way ANOVA test was applied to compare skeletal classes between them. Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the differences. The relationship between the malocclusion type, cervical vertebra and hand-wrist maturation stages was evaluated with the Spearman correlation test. Results Spearman's correlation coefficient was 0.831, 0.831 and 0.760 in Class I, II and III females, respectively. In males, it was calculated as 0.844, 0.889 and 0.906, respectively. When sex and malocclusion were not differentiated, the correlation was found to be 0.887. All were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The highest correlation was observed in class III males, while the lowest was found in class III females. Conclusion Cervical vertebrae can be used safely to assess pubertal spurt without hand-wrist radiography. Diagnosing growth and development stages from cephalometric images is important in reducing additional workload and preventing radiation risk.
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    Periodontally Accelerated Molar Distalization With Miniscrew Assisted Memory Screw: A Pilot Study
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2013) Corekci, Bayram; Irgin, Celal; Halicioglu, Koray; Hezenci, Yasin; Dursun, Saffet; Ozan, Fatih
    Objective: To examine the treatment effects of a miniscrew assisted memory screw system supported by piezoincision for the noncompliance molar distalization of maxillary first molars in patients with Class II malocclusion. Materials and Method: Nine subjects with skeletal Class I dental Class II malocclusion were treated. An anchorage unit was prepared using two miniscrew that were placed just behind a line connecting the first premolars at the mesial contact point. The memory expansion screw (500 g), and two miniscrews placed parallel to the occlusal plane provided stable, 4-point support for the appliance. Piezoincision was performed immediately after the appliance as cemented. Four midlevel incisions were made under local anesthesia between the roots of the teeth on the buccal side of the maxillary alveolar bone from the mesial first premolar to the second molar. A 3-mm piezoelectrical corticotomy was then performed by inserting the tip of Piezotome into each of these openings. Screw activation was started the following day. Skeletal and dental changes were measured on cephalograms, and dental casts were obtained before and after distalization. Results: Upper first molars were successfully distalized in approximately 4.6 months and the mean distalization at the end was 4.98 mm. The average distal tipping of the upper first molars was 7.75 degrees. No statistically significant changes were noted in the sagittal position of the maxilla or in the position of the upper incisors as a result of treatment. The maxillary first molars also moved palatinally (1.13 mm), but no significant distal rotation occurred. Conclusion: This system provided an efficient distalization method for posterior teeth and showed no anchorage loss. Molar tipping and palatal movement were observed as side effects in the patients.