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    Nail mineral composition changes do not reflect bone mineral changes caused by boron supplementation
    (Springernature, 2023) Hakkı, Sema Sezgin; Kayış, Seyit Ali; Dündar, Niyazi; Hamurcu, Mehmet; Başoğlu, Abdullah; Nielsen, Forrest H.
    Nails have been found to be a non-invasive and readily available tissue whose mineral content can change because of a change in dietary mineral intake. Thus, this study was undertaken to determine whether boron (B) supplementation would change the concentrations of some mineral elements in nails and whether these changes correlated with changes induced in bone. Female New Zealand White rabbits (aged 8 months, 2-2.5 kg weight) were fed a grain-based, high-energy diet containing 3.88 mg B/kg. The rabbits were divided into four treatment groups: controls receiving no supplemental B (N: 7; C) and three groups supplemented with 30 mg B/L in drinking water as borax decahydrate (Na2B4O7 center dot 10H(2)O, N: 10; BD), borax anhydrous (Na2B4O7, N: 7; Bah), and boric acid (H3BO3 , N: 7; BA). Boron, calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn) concentrations in nails were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Parametric and non-parametric multiple group comparisons and post hoc tests were performed and whether a correlation between nail and tibia and femur mineral elements concentrations were determined. A p-value of< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Boron was not detectable in control nails but was found in the nails of the three B supplemented groups. Boron supplementation markedly increased the Ca concentration in nails with the effect greatest in the BA and BD groups. The P and Mg concentrations also were increased by B supplementation with the effect most marked in the BA group. In contrast, B supplementation decreased the Na concentration with the effect most noticeable in the BD and Bah groups. The Zn concentration in nails was not affected by BA and BD supplementation but was decreased by Bah supplementation. Boron supplementation did not significantly affect the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mo, K, and S in nails. No meaningful significant correlations were found between nail mineral elements and tibia and femur mineral elements found previously. Nails can be an indicator of the response to boron supplementation but are not useful to indicate changes in mineral elements in bone in response to B supplementation.
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    Puccinellia distans - A potential plant to reveal boron toxicity and salt tolerance mechanisms
    (Elsevier, 2019) Hakkı, Erdoğan Eşref; Pandey, Anamika; Khan, Mohd Kamran; Hamurcu, Mehmet; Çelik, Özge; Sameeullah, Muhammad
    Boron toxicity, a widely observed abiotic stress, affects the yield and quality of the crops especially in arid and semi-arid agricultural regions. The biggest challenge in dealing with B toxicity is the genetic variation in plants. Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl., a boron toxicity tolerant grass species, is found to endure extremely high Boron concentrations. We have conducted different experiments on Puccinellia species to reveal possible aspects of its B toxicity tolerance. We estimated the physiological, biochemical and chemical changes in Puccinellia under Boron toxicity; outcomes of transcriptomics and expression analysis highlights its interlink with several biological processes. B toxicity is often associated with salt stress; in one of our experiments, characterization of B and Na efflux proteins directs towards B uptake and transport in plants roots that may have major role in maintaining plant homeostasis. We are also trying to determine the association between Puccinellia species and mycorrhizae that may have a significant role in soil reclamation. New crop development processes conducted by the breeders may further be empowered by novel B toxicity tolerant resources acquired from the knowledge gained from the detailed screening of P. distans species.