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Öğe Bazı pamuk genotiplerinin verticillium solgunluk hastalığı etmeni (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.)’ne karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi(2011) Erdoğan, Oktay; Dündar, Halil; Göre, Mehmet ErhanBu çalışma 2008 ve 2009 yılları arasında Nazilli Pamuk Araştırma Enstitüsü deneme tarlalarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma pamuklarda Verticillium solgunluk hastalığına karşı enstitüde ıslah edilen yeni pamuk genotiplerinin hastalığa karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi, verim ve bazı lif kalite kriterlerinin saptanması amacıyla ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle orta uzunlukta 13 pamuk genotipi hastalığa duyarlı Çukurova 1518, standart Aydın 110 ve tolerant Carmen çeşitlerinin iklim odasında saksı denemeleri ile Verticillium dahliae Kleb.?e reaksiyonları saptanmıştır. Daha sonra solgunluk hastalığı ile doğal olarak bulaşık ve V. dahliae inokulum geçmişi olan (69 ms/g) enstitü arazisinde, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak tarla denemeleri kurulmuştur. iklim odası çalışmalarında hastalık şiddeti değerleri tarla denemelerinden daha yüksek görülmüştür. Çalışmada incelenen özelliklerin tümü yönünden pamuk genotiplerinin önemli farklılıklar gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. 2008 ve 2009 yıllarında denemeye alınan genotipler arasında 1011 (0.74), 211 (0.78), 305 (0.79) ve 405 (0.79) no?lu pamuk genotipleri diğer uzun lifli genotiplere göre daha tolerant bulunmuştur. Kütlü pamuk verimi yönünden, 211 (417.6 kg/da), 405 (416.8 kg/da) ve 305 (414.9 kg/da) no?lu pamuk genotiplerinden daha yüksek verim elde edilirken, 1001 (336.5 kg/da) no?lu genotipden en düşük verim elde edilmiştir. 607 (32.9 mm), 408 (32.8 mm) ve 305 (32.6 mm) no?lu genotiplerin en iyi lif kalite değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür.Öğe Biological control of cotton seedling diseases by fluorescent pseudomonas spp(2016) Erdoğan, Oktay; Bölek, Yüksel; Göre, M. ErhanSeedling root rot seen in many plants including cotton is an important disease that leads to large economic losses. Human health and the environment are negatively affected as a result of using fungicides for disease control. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of fluorescent Pseudomonas (FP) bacteria against seedling root rot pathogens both in vitro and in vivo conditions. 59 FP isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of cotton and weeds on the field were tested by dual-culture assays in vitro. After applying effective FP isolates on the seeds, antagonistic effects against the seedling root rot pathogens were investigated in a climate chamber. Resulting of dual-culture tests, FP40 had maximum effect (49.60%) against Rhizoctonia solani. Besides, FP51, FP48 and FP35 had highest impact as 43.80%, 43.50%, and 43.10% against Fusarium sp., respectively. Pythium deliense was mostly effected by FP57 (59.80%), FP52 (57.80%) and FP56 (57.60%). While isolates FP35 and FP57 provided protection over 70% against all three pathogens in a climate chamber, they were as effective as commercial fungicides (Vitavax and Maxim) and biofungicide (Subtilex) and shown promising results.Öğe The determination of relationship between Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae kleb.) and early maturity in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)(2013) Erdoğan, Oktay; Özbek, Nedim; Ünay, Aydın; Göre, M. ErhanThe present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between earliness of crop maturity and Verticillium wilt. Ten cotton genotypes were evaluated in natural infection under field conditions of Nazilli Cotton Reseach Institute in 2006 and 2007. Foliar disease index (FDI), vascular disease index (VDI), days to flowering (DF), days to boll opening (DB) and seed cotton yield (SCY) were determined. In regard to FDI and VDI, the most tolerant genotypes were Carmen (standard cotton cultivar), NGC, GSN 12 and M25-G, while the most sensitive genotype was NP Ozbek-100. NMCH-11/4, NCCH-9/2 and NCCH-8/1 were other sensitive genotypes. The performances to verticillium wilt of other standard cotton cultivars, Nazilli 84 S and Sayar 314 were non-stabile. The maturity characteristics, DF and DB, were significant negative correlated with all Verticillium severity parameters, whereas these characteristics were significant positive correlated with SCY. Carmen cultivar should be recommended for infected areas and improving diseases tolerance in cotton breeding programsÖğe Genetics of verticillium wilt resistance in cotton(Natl Agricultural Research & Development Inst, 2017) Göre, Mehmet Erhan; Altın, Nedim; Erdoğan, Oktay; Özkan, İsa; Sezener, VolkanVerticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a major constraint to cotton production in almost all countries where cotton is cultivated. Developing new cotton cultivars resistant to Verticillium wilt is the most effective and feasible way to combat the problem. Little is known about the inheritance of resistance to Verticillium wilt of cotton, especially that caused by the defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes of the soilborne fungus V. dahliae. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of seedling reactions to representative isolates defoliating and non-defoliating of V. dahliae in crosses of the resistant cotton Giza 45 and Tex with susceptible Albania. F-1, F-2, and backcross-F-1 populations were inoculated to determine the mode of inheritance of seedlings by the stem-injection method. The Chi-square test for goodness of fit was used to analyse segregating populations. Two independent recessive genes appeared to control resistance of Giza 45 and Tex to both defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes. Depending upon the cross, the two genes cumulatively condition immunity or higher levels of resistance than either parent conditioned by single gene. There was no evidence of maternal influence on the inheritance of resistance. Resistance genes in Giza 45 and Tex were recessive; therefore, breeders should consider the use of relatively large F-2 populations to effectively transfer these genes to cultivars with good agronomic characteristics.Öğe In vitro antifungal activity of mint, thyme, lavender extracts and essential oils on verticillium dahliae kleb.(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Erdoğan, Oktay; Çelik, Ali; Zeybek, AhmetMint, thyme and lavender of Lamiaceae family were chosen as experimental materials. The aim of study was to investigate the antifungal effects of 3 medicinal plants extracts and essential oils obtained by water stem distillation method, against two pathotypes (defoliating-D and nondefoliating-ND) of Verticillum dahliae Kleb. The inhibition of the fungus mycelium growth was evaluated under in vitro conditions at the doses of plant extract in 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 % and 10 % and essential oils in 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 1 Experiment was set up at randomized plot design with 3 replications. After the end of 7 days incubation period, colony diameters were measured and % inhibition zone ratios were calculated compared to the controls. The reduction effects of mint, thyme and lavender essential oils were greater than the extracts of the same plants. Mint, thyme and lavender extracts reduced the mycelium growth of D and ND in varying degrees, however; the highest antifungal effect was observed at 10 % dose of thyme extract. 8, 16 and 32 mu 1 mL(-1) doses of thyme essential oil inhibited 100 % the mycelium growth of both pathotype and showed a significant fungicidal effect on them. Antifungal effect of mint essential oil was found to near the thyme essential oil depending on the pathotype and the applied dose.Öğe The relationship of Verticillium wilt and seed surface microflora with Gossypol level in cotton (Gossypıum spp.)(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Erdoğan, Oktay; Özkaya, Hülya Özgönen; Göre, Mehmet ErhanThe aim of study was determined to relationship between on the seed surface microflora and reaction to Verticillium wilt of cotton cultivars with different gossypol levels. Thirteen cotton cultivars were examined gossypol level and the seed surface microflora of the cotton in vitro. Then, these cultivars were observed susceptibility to non-defoliating (Vd 11 isolate) and defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) pathotypes of Verticillium dahliae Kleb. in vivo. Cultivars were significant at (P <= 0.05) probability level for disease intensity values in vivo and gossypol values in vitro. While the highest gossypol value was determined in "Gloria" cultivar (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with a 1.669 mu g mL(-1) and resistant control "Giza 45" (Gossypium barbadense L.) with a 1.343 mu g mL(-1) the lowest gossypol value was found in "Gossypolsiiz Nazilli" (0.196 mu g mL(-1)) and susceptible control "cukurova 1518" (0.484 mu g mL(-1)) of G. hirsutum L. While the lowest of disease intensity value was observed Vd 11 isolate and PYDV6 isolate in the highest gossypol, resistant control "Giza 45" cultivar (0.30-1.11). The highest disease intensity values were found in the lowest gossypol, "Gossypolstiz Nazilli" cultivar (2.24-2.82) and susceptible control "cukurova 1518" cultivar (2.00-2.63), respectively. Fungus species were isolated in high and low gossypol of cotton seeds at the same rate.Öğe Searching for resistance sources to Verticillium wilt of cotton in seedlings from Gossypium spp.(Springer, 2017) Göre, Mehmet Erhan; Erdoğan, Oktay; Altın, NedimVerticillium dahliae is a major wilt pathogen impacting cotton production in Turkey. Isolates of V. dahliae can be characterized as defoliating (D) or nondefoliating (ND) pathotypes based on symptom expression in cotton. Currently there are no fungicides identified that can manage this pathogen. Host resistance is the most economical and environmentally friendly means to manage this disease. Cotton genotypes, comprising the main cultivars and some breeding lines available in Turkey, were evaluated under controlled conditions for resistance to verticillium wilt. To establish adequate conditions for resistance expression, experiments examining isolate pathogenicity and the most appropriate inoculum concentration were carried out first. Based on the obtained data, 10 cultivars were then inoculated with D and ND pathotypes by the "pot immersion" method at 10(6) conidia/mL inoculum concentration and the plants were evaluated considering both internal and external disease symptoms. Plants were scored on a 0 to 4 scale for above-ground symptoms (0 = healthy; 4 = dead plant) ca. two weeks after inoculation. Significant differences in resistance level were observed among the genotypes (p < 0.05). The cultivar Maydos Yerlisi had the lowest level of wilt, with a mean rating of 1.0. The cultivar Nazilli NDT-15 had the strongest wilt, with a mean rating of 3.3. These results suggest that 'Maydos Yerlisi' can be used in cotton breeding programs to develop resistant varieties to V. dahliae.Öğe VCG diversity and virulence of Verticillium dahliae from commercially available cotton seed lots in Turkey(Springer, 2014) Göre, Mehmet Erhan; Erdoğan, Oktay; Caner, Öncül Kaangün; Aydın, Mehmet Hadi; Berk, Selma KuruSamples of seeds collected from commercially available cotton seed lots in Turkey were assayed for Verticillium dahliae. V. dahliae was successfully isolated from 67 of 104 seed lots tested, a successful isolation rate of nearly 65 %. Vegetative compatibility of the isolates was assessed through complementation tests using nitrate non-utilizing mutants. Of the 188 isolates obtained, 105 were classified as VCG1A, 17 as VCG2A, 64 as VCG2B and two as VCG4B. All 50 of the isolates tested in the greenhouse on cotton cv. DP 15-21 and Acala SJ-1 were pathogenic on both cultivars. As a group, AUDPC values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) for VCG1A than for VCG2 and VCG4B isolates. These data suggest that: (1) commercial cotton seed lots are commonly infected with V. dahliae and thus may serve as primary sources of the pathogen; (2) cotton isolates of V. dahliae belong to VCG1A, 2A, 2B and 4B and these strains are widely distributed via seed lots; and (3) VCG1 and VCG2 are distinct pathotypes of V. dahliae that vary in their virulence to cotton.Öğe Yeşil gübre uygulamalarının organik pamuk üretiminde solgunluk hastalığı (verticillium dahliae kleb.)’na ve verime etkileri(2012) Erdoğan, Oktay; Göre, Mehmet Erhan; Özbek, NedimArpa ve fiğ’in Verticillium solgunluğu şiddeti üzerine etkisi 2006-2007 yıllarında Nazilli Pamuk Araştırma Enstitüsü deneme alanlarında incelenmiştir. Denemede kullanılan uygulamalar; Arpa, Arpa+Fiğ, Fiğ (geleneksel üretim), Fiğ (son sulamada ekim) ve kontrol (konvansiyonel pamuk üretimi) olarak düzenlenmiştir. Dört haftalık dekompozisyon süresi sonunda Nazilli 84-S pamuk çeşidinin tohumları tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak ekilmiştir. %5-10, %50-60 koza açım döneminde ve hasat sonrasında hastalık şiddeti değerleri saptanmıştır. Pamukta verim ve lif kalite özellikleri de tespit edilmiştir. Yaprak ve gövde kesitine göre belirlenen hastalık şiddeti organik pamuk üretim parsellerinde daha düşük görülmüş, bunu kontrol üretim parseli izlemiştir. Uygulamalar sırasında arpa ve arpa+fiğ yeşil gübre uygulamaları hastalık şiddeti üzerinde kontrol üretim parselinden daha yüksek bir azalmaya sebep olmuştur. Bu da her yıl pamuk ekiminin hastalık şiddetini arttırdığını göstermektedir. Ortalama verim değerlerinin fiğ ve kontrol parsellerinde arpa+fiğ ve arpa üretim parsellerine göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pamuk elyaf özellikleri bu uygulamalardan etkilenmemiştir.
