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Öğe Distribution and diversity of cyst nematode (nematoda: heteroderidae) populations in the republic of Azerbaijan, and their molecular characterization using its-rDNA analysis(Organization Trop Amer Nematologists, 2019) Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; Muminjanov, Hafiz; Orakcı, Gül Erginbaş; Fakhraddin, G. Ahmadova; Waeyenberge, Lieven; Yıldız, Sevilay; Duman, NagihanCereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.) are a significant threat to global cereal production systems and choosing the correct management strategy requires knowledge and identification of various species. We conducted a survey across the main cereal-growing regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2017. Cyst-forming nematodes were detected in 34 samples (44.7%), of which 28 were identified as H. filipjevi or H. avenae using internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-rDNA sequencing. Six populations were unidentifiable to species level and were recorded as belonging to the H avenae group. H. filipjevi was the dominant species, found in 19 samples (25%) from the provinces of Qobustan, Ismailli, Oguz, Sheki, Barda, and Kurdamir. H. avenae was detected in 9 samples (11.8%) across the provinces of Ismailli, Oguz, and Sheki. ITS-rDNA phylogenetic analyses showed that populations of H. filipjevi clustered in one group with two subgroups, all supported by high bootstrap values. Populations of H. avenae also clustered in one group with two subgroups. Genetic dissimilarities were higher within populations of H. filipjevi when compared to populations of H. avenae. The density of many of these cyst populations approached or exceeded the maximum threshold level for economic losses. This is the first report on H. filipjevi and H. avenae in Azerbaijan. The knowledge of cereal cyst nematode presence is extremely important for Azerbaijan's agricultural industry when assessing the occurrence and distribution of soilborne diseases. Management measures to control cereal cyst nematodes should be directed towards breeding for resistant germplasm, crop rotation, and implementing other management practices.Öğe Effects of temperature and duration of storage on the hatching behaviour of Heterodera latipons (Nematoda: Heteroderidae)(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2021) Tatlı, Yiğit Ali; Bozbuğa, Refik; Özer, Göksel; Mokrini, Fouad; Lahlali, Rachid; Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; İmren, MustafaMediterranean cereal cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera latipons is considered as one of the main CCN that causes significant economic losses in the production of intolerant cereal crops in Turkey. Accordingly, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of different storing temperatures and durations on the emergence of second-stage juveniles (J2s) of the nematode populations obtained from the eastern Mediterranean (Adana and Hatay) and south-eastern (Gaziantep and Kilis) regions of Turkey. The obtained results revealed a variation in the J2s hatching profiles of the regional nematode populations. The eastern-Mediterranean and the south-eastern populations hatched at between 5 and 20 degrees C; however, considerable divergences in the J2 hatching were noticed. The highest emergence of J2s for the populations occurred at 10 degrees C, whereas the lowest level was observed at 5 degrees C. To simulate the preplanting soil temperatures in Turkey, the cysts were stored at 5 degrees C and 20 degrees C, before incubation at 10 and 15 degrees C, to stimulate hatching of the J2s. The highest cumulative hatching was obtained at a constant temperature of 10 degrees C, while the lowest cumulative hatching occurred at 5 degrees C. Moreover, storing cysts at 5 degrees C, before incubation at 10 and 15 degrees C, significantly stimulated hatching of the populations of H. latipons when compared to the control. However, storing the cysts at 20 degrees C, before incubation at 10 degrees C, substantially stimulated the emergence of J2s relative to the control. The obtained results about the hatching behaviour of H. latipons may help in the development of effective control strategies for this nematode in Turkey.Öğe The efficacy of fosthiazate, fluopyram, and paecilomyces lilacinus against field population of Globodera rostochiensis(Organization of Nematologists of Tropical America, 2022) Saleh, Azzam; Altaş, Ahmet; Evlice, Emre; Özer, Göksel; İmren, Mustafa; Dababat, Abdelfattah AmerThe potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, is a major potato pest throughout the world. Despite the environmental concerns associated with the use of chemical nematicides, they remain essential for integrated management programs, especially when resistant varieties are lacking. This study investigated fosthiazate efficacy to control G. rostochiensis in potato in comparison to fluopyram and the biological control agent Paecilomyces lilacinus strain PL1. Two independent trials were carried out at fields in Odemis and Bozdag Districts, Izmir Province, Turkey. All treatments reduced densities of G. rostochiensis in roots and soil compared to the non-treated controls. All pesticides consistently decreased the reproduction factor (Rf = final population density/initial population density) values of G. rostochiensis compared to the non-treated controls in Odemis and Bozdag. However, fosthiazate and fluopyram were more effective than the biological agent. Fosthiazate, fluopyram, and P. lilacinus strain PL1 applications increased potato yields in Odemis and Bozdag by 21-34% and 20-31%, respectively, compared to the control. In conclusion, the application of fosthiazate and fluopyram provided a higher level of protection against G. rostochiensis and should be considered an alternative and integrative option in nematode management programs.Öğe First report of crown rot caused by fusarium algeriense on wheat in Kyrgyzstan(American Phytopathological Society, 2022) Özer, Göksel; Erper, İsmail; İmren, Mustafa; Bozoğlu, Tuğba; Özdemir, Fatih; Dababat, Abdelfattah AmerFusarium crown rot of wheat is an economically important disease that leads to significant yield and quality losses, especially in many arid and semi-arid wheat-growing areas worldwide. In June 2020, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants exhibiting crown rot symptoms were identified in a commercial field located in the Tokbay location (43.033719 N, 74.325623 E), Chuy Province, Kyrgyzstan.Öğe First report of exserohilum pedicellatum causing root rot of wheat in Azerbaijan(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Özer, Göksel; Göre, Mehmet Erhan; Alkan, Mehtap; Yaman, Tolga; Dababat, Abdelfattah AmerWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely grown crop in Azerbaijan, covering about 590,000 ha of total cultivation area. In June 2017, a survey was conducted to determine root pathogens of the main wheat growing regions in Azerbaijan. Symptomatic plants exhibiting root rot and dark brown root lesions were obtained from 76 different fields, and the roots of the samples were excised and labeled. The roots were washed under running tap water for 5 min, and 5-cm lengths were cut from the roots.Öğe First report of rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HGII and AG-2-1 causing root rot of wheat in Azerbaijan(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Özer, Göksel; Göre, Mehmet Erhan; İmren, Mustafa; Khalilova, Sabina; Muminjanov, Hafiz; Dababat, Abdelfattah Amern summer 2017, an intensive field survey was carried out in the major wheat growing areas of Azerbaijan to identify root and crown rot fungi associated with winter wheat. Plants showing root and crown rot symptoms were collected from 76 wheat fields and transferred to the laboratoryÖğe Genetic and pathogenic variation in Heterodera latipons populations from Turkey(Brill, 2021) Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; İmren, Mustafa; Özer, Göksel; Mokrini, Fouad; Duman, Nagihan; Paulitz, TimothyThe cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons, is an important plant parasite causing substantial yield losses in wheat throughout the world. This study aimed to determine genetic and pathogenic variation in IL latipons populations obtained from the southern part of Turkey. The populations were identified as H. latipons by sequencing the ITS-rDNA region and further sequence analysis showed an intraspecific genetic variation in H. latipons populations. which were clustered into different groups. The International Test Assortment materials were used to determine pathogenic variation (pathotypes) in these populations. The results showed that 'Ortolan'. 'Morocco', 'KVL191'. Tajo Aragon 1-1', 'Herta'. 'Martin 403-T. 'Sun II' and 'Pusa Hybrid Bsi' cultivars were resistant or moderately resistant to the tested nematode populations. 'Emir', 'Dalmatische' and 'Capa' were susceptible to IL latipons populations. The Hatay population of H. latipons was detected as the most virulent nematode population because ten out of 20 cultivars were susceptible or moderately susceptible to this population. The least virulent population was the Kills population, which caused susceptible reaction on six out of all cultivars with different levels. Based on this scheme. the Turkish populations were in the Hal group: the reactions of barley, oats and wheat classified them as either Ha41 or Ha51. Barley 'KVL191' was resistant to all nematode populations but susceptible to Ha51 and the reactions of the other barley cultivars were also consistent with the Turkish populations being Ila51. AUS10894' was susceptible to three nematode populations but resistant to Ila41, and the reaction of 'Capa' was also consistent with the Turkish populations being Ha51. However, the degree of susceptibility of all wheat differentials distinguishes the Turkish populations from other pathotypes in the Ha1 group.Öğe Identification of heterodera latipons using pcr with sequence characterised amplified region (SCAR) primers(2019) İmren, Mustafa; Koca, Abdurrahman Sami; Dababat, Abdelfattah AmerThe Mediterranaen cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons, causing serious yield losses in protected cultivation cereal cropping areas in Turkey. An accurate and reliable identification is primarily needed to establish effective, sustainable and environmentally safe control measures to any cyst nematode species. In this study, twenty-five populations of Heterodera latipons collected from cereal areas in East-Mediterranean and South-East Anatolian regions were identified using species-specific primers (SCAR). The SCAR primer pair, H-latac F and H-latact R, defined speciesspecific primers were used to identify Heterodera populations. In this study stated that H-latac F and H-latact R primers for identifying of H. latipons can be efficient tools to identify the Turkish Mediterranean cereal cyst nematode populations. Moreover, the results indicated that H. latipons was the prominent cereal cyst nematode species in the East Mediterranean and South East Anatolian regions of Turkey. This clarified approach may supply a quick basis for identification of H. latipons populations for their future management and facilitate checking its distribution in the agricultural areas.Öğe Occurrence and geographic distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with citrus in Morocco and their interaction with soil patterns(MDPI, 2022) Zoubi, Btissam; Mokrini, Fouad; Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; Amer, Mohammed; Ghoulam, Cherki; İmren, MustafaPlant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are found in citrus plantations throughout the world, but they are considered to be the most problematic pest in Morocco. Citrus fruit quality and yield have been adversely affected by PPNs. Due to data unavailability of nematodes associated with citrus, a detailed survey was conducted in the main citrus-growing regions of Morocco during 2020-2021 to assess the occurrence, distribution, and diversity of PPNs associated with rhizospheres of citrus trees. In addition, some soil properties have also been assessed for their impact on soil properties. Plant-parasitic nematode diversity was calculated using two ecological indexes, the Shannon diversity index (H ') and the Evenness index (E). The collected soil and root samples were analyzed, and eleven genera and ten species of plant-parasitic nematodes were identified. The results show that the most predominant PPN species were Tylenchulus semipenetrans (88%), Helicotylenchus spp. (75%), Pratylenchus spp. (47%), Tylenchus spp. (51%), and Xiphinema spp. (31%). The results showed that PPN distributions were correlated with soil physicochemical properties such as soil texture, pH levels, and mineral content. Based on the obtained result, it was concluded that besides the direct effects of the host plant, physicochemical factors of the soil could greatly affect PPN communities in citrus growing orchards.Öğe Occurrence and identification of cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi (Nemata: Heteroderidae), in Bolu Province of Turkey(Organization Trop Amer Nematologists, 2016) İmren, Mustafa; Toktay, Halil; Kütük, Halil; Dababat, Abdelfattah AmerCereal cyst nematodes, Heterodera filipjevi, parasitize the roots of wheat and cause significant yield losses around the world. Cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important and endemic problems in wheat-growing areas especially where rainfall is limited and monoculture crop production practices exist. In Turkey, cereal cyst nematodes are considered among the most damaging pests in wheat. Identifying cyst nematode species and determining their prevalence and distribution in Turkey are important for predicting potential spread in the future. This survey aimed to identify cyst nematode species and to assess their prevalence in cereal growing areas of Bolu province in Turkey. Cereal cyst nematode cysts were found in 83% of the surveyed fields. Prevalence of cysts was greater in cereal-growing areas in the provincial center and in the Gerede district. Morphological features of second-stage juveniles and cysts were examined, and DNA was extracted from second- stage juveniles and the species-specific Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ( SCAR) primers were used for molecular identification. Based on both morphological and molecular methods, all samples were identified as H. filipjevi. This study was the first comprehensive investigation of H. filipjevi prevalence in cereal fields in Bolu. This information is of value to alert personnel of wheat breeding programs to develop local resistant varieties to target H. filipjevi.Öğe Phytopathogenic nematodes associated with olive trees (Olea europaea L.) in North Africa: Current status and management prospects(Springer, 2023) Laasli, Salah Eddine; Mokrini, Fouad; Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; Yüksel, Ebubekir; İmren, Mustafa; Amiri, SaidThe olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a significantly important crop in an ecological, economic, and cultural manner, particularly in North Africa. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are dangerous soilborne pathogens, particularly in olive nurseries, contributing to annual economic and yield losses. However, the impact of these nematodes on olive orchards and nurseries has been documented in only a few countries. This review aims to provide (1) an update on the current status of PPNs associated with olive trees in North African countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya). (2) Reviewing their current diversity in different taxonomic levels and highlighting the frequencies of different taxa causing damage to olive trees, (3) describing their role as root and soil health bioindicators via potential affiliation with edaphic properties, and (4) listing current management strategies against PPNs in olives with a focus on integrated biocontrol methods. Dedicating more research topics to the nematode communities associated with olive trees is extremely important for assuring better management to reach cropping yield sustainability.Öğe Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan(American Phytopathological Society, 2021) İmren, Mustafa; Özer, Göksel; Paulitz, Timothy C.; Morgounov, Alexey; Dababat, Abdelfattah AmerKazakhstan is one of the biggest wheat producers, however, its wheat production is far below the average international wheat production standard due to biotic and abiotic stressors. Plant-parasitic nematodes are devastating for cereal production systems worldwide. A comprehensive survey was conducted in 2019 to identify plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wheat in different locations of central, eastern, and southeastern Kazakhstan. The results revealed 33 root-lesion and 27 cyst nematode populations from the 77 localities sampled. These two genera occurred in separate or in mixed populations. The root-lesion populations were identified as Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei while all cyst nematodes were identified as Heterodera filipjevi. The identification of nematodes was firstly performed based on morphological and morphometric features and confirmed by BLAST and phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and the D2-D3 expansion located in the 28S gene of ribosomal DNA for CCN and RLN populations, respectively. Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei populations from Kazakhstan showed a high similarity with the American, European, and Asian populations. Heterodera filipjevi populations formed a well-supported cluster with the corresponding populations from different countries and showed a slightly intraspecific polymorphism. Kazakhstan populations of H. filipjevi may have multiple introductions in Kazakhstan due to the divergence among them. The results of this study are of great importance for breeding programs and will enable awareness for extension advisors to develop measures to control these nematodes in cereal cropping areas in Kazakhstan.
