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    The Effects of Associative Exercises on The Idea Generation during Brainstorming
    (Turkish Psychologists Assoc, 2009) Coskun, Hamit
    In the literature different ideas coming from members in brainstorming groups have been suggested to generate cognitive stimulation, explained from the perspective of associate memory (Paulus, 2000). However, unlike the cognitive stimulation perspective, the associative memory approach suggests that closely linked ideas or associations can lead to a higher brainstorming performance than different or distant ones (Collins & Loftus, 1975). To test these competing approaches, in Experiment I the effect of concreteness (concrete vs. abstract) and the type of associations (close and distant); in Experiment II that of thinking style (convergent and divergent) and the type of associations; in Experiment III that of the degree of associations (close, moderate, and distant) and thinking style, and in Experiment IV that of problem type and the type of associations in groups were investigated on the brainstorming performance. The findings indicated that closely linked word associations led to the generation of more ideas than their counterparts. Divergent thinking with closely linked word associations was also found to produce the highest brainstorming performance. These findings often supported the associative memory approach.
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    The effects of coping strategies and relaxation exerciseson anxiety, hopelessness, life satisfaction, and well-beıng in the elderly people with diabetes: An experimental study
    (2021) Cicek, Saadet Can; Coskun, Hamit; Ozdemir, Seyma; Acikgoz, Aynur; Isko, Selahattin
    Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coping strategies and relaxation exercises on anxiety, hopelessness, lifesatisfaction, and well-being in elderly people with diabetes.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 participants were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions. In the first condition,the participants were informed about diabetes as well as how to cope with it. In the second condition, the participants were provided with breathing and relaxation exercises, which were accompanied by relaxing music, in addition to informing about diabetes and coping strategies. The control group was only informed about diabetes. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with 3 x 2 last factors repetitive.Results: There was no difference between the conditions in terms of state anxiety, hopelessness and life satisfaction scores (p>0.05), but the difference after the intervention was significant (p<0.05). According to the Scheffe test, a) status anxiety score was determined between the first condition and the control group; b) life satisfaction score was significantly different between the first condition and second condition and between the second condition and control group. Significant differences were also found between pre-and post-intervention concerning anxiety, hopelessness and life satisfaction scores. Conclusions: Findings suggest that explaining the methods of coping with diabetes can decrease the level of state anxiety, and theaddition of breathing and relaxation exercises can enhance life satisfaction.
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    The Effects of Group Size, Memory Instruction, and Session Length on the Creative Performance in Electronic Brainstorming Groups
    (Edam, 2011) Coskun, Hamit
    In the literature, there has been a focus on the effectiveness of larger sized electronic brainstorming groups; however, mechanisms for its effectiveness still remain open to question and some methodological concerns (e. g., the evaluation of ideas and the typing speed, and the use of different formats) continue to be important problems. To overcome such problems, a series of experiments were conducted. All subjects were exposed to the two-minute typing speed test which was overlooked in the previous studies in electronic brainstorming. In the first experiment the effect of the group size (4, 6, and 8 person groups); in the 2nd experiment that of group size (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 person groups) with the memory instruction, and in the 3rd experiment that of group size (4 and 10 person groups) with two lengths of brainstorming session (15 and 25 minutes) were investigated on the brainstorming performance. Results showed that unique and original ideas increased as the group size increased. However, the group size did not affect the performance of one individual within these groups. Memory instruction inhibited performance in the shorter session (15 minutes) of brainstorming but enhanced it in the longer session (25 minutes) of brainstorming. Typing speed affected the total number and unique ideas but not the originality and feasibility of these ideas. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that group size enhanced creative ideas (unique, original, and feasible ideas). Consistent with the literature, the beneficial effect of memory instruction could be evident in the longer session of brainstorming rather than the shorter one. These findings were discussed in light of the relevant brainstorming literature and their implications on educational, health and organizational settings.
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    Influence of Perceived Social Support on Forgiveness in University Students: Examining The Mediator Role of Cognitive Flexibility and Moderator Role of Gender
    (Cyprus Mental Health Inst, 2023) Pehlivan, Neslihan Nur; Coskun, Hamit
    The current literature needs to include studies examining the path from social support to forgiveness. This study aimed to examine cognitive flexibility as a mediator between social support and forgiveness in university students and gender as a moderator of this pathway. Data were collected through online by a sample of 243 students, 204 (84%) female and 39 (16%) male, chosen by a convenient sampling method and voluntarily filled in the scales. Cognitive flexibility was found to be a significant mediator in bootstrapped tests of indirect effects, and this mediation effect was moderated by gender. In the relationship between social support and forgiveness, male participants forgive more as their perceived social support increases; female participants forgive more regardless of their perceived social support level. In light of the literature, these findings were addressed.