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Öğe Alternative strategies to control root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) with different irrigation systems in pepper greenhouses(2015) Toktay, Halil; İmren, Mustafa; Bozbuğa, RefikKök-ur nematodları geniş bir konukçu dizisine sahip olup önemli kültür bitkilerinde ağır verim kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Türkiye’de nematodlar ile mücadelede nematisit kullanımına önemli kısıtlamalar getirilmekte bunun yanında mücadelede yeni metotlar ortaya konması gerekmektedir. Bu yüzden biber seralarında Kök-ur nematodları ile mücadelede alternatif mücadele programlarının geliştirilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada toprak solarizasyonu ile birlikte iki farklı kimyasal ve toprak fumigantının iki ve dört hat şeklinde damla sulama sistemi ile kombine edilerek nematodlarla ile mücadele programlarında kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada solarizasyon + metam sodyum + iprodione uygulaması, dört lateral hatlı damla sulama sisteminde verime ve nematodun kökteki urlanması üzerine etkili bulunmuştur. Bitki boyu ve nematodun üreme gücüne solarizasyon + iprodione uygulamasının dört lateral hatlı damla sulama sisteminde en yüksek etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.Öğe Determining the optimal Meloidogyne Incognita inoculum level, inoculation time, pathogencity and gall development on tomato roots for resistance experiments in breeding programs(Society for Plant Research, 2015) Bozbuğa, Refik; İmren, Mustafa; Kasapoglu, Ece Bortecinec; Toktay, Halil; Elekcioglu, İbrahim HalilRoot knot nematodes (RKN) cause a significant damage to many cultivated crops and present study was conducted to determine the most appropriate inoculum levels of a ubiquitous RKN nematode in warm climate, Meloidogyne incognita, inoculation time and plant age for the screening of nematode resistance studies on plant breeding programs under controlled conditions. The inoculum level experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of four M. incognita inoculum levels (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 juveniles/ 1000 gram soil mix) on three different age of susceptible tomato plants. Gall development was observed at 3 different ages of susceptible tomato plants with 7 different time points. The highest gall numbers were observed on nematode infected 3 day old plant roots and the least number of galls were detected on the roots of 5 day old plants. First galls were observed at 1 dpi and the highest gall number was observed on the 21st gall counting day on three day old tomato roots. Thus the inoculation of 2000- 2500 second stage juveniles /1000 gram soil mix to 3 days old tomato plants was the best to reach high gall numbers which are suitable for screening of nematode resistance studies on plant breeding programs. © 2015 Society for Plant Research. All rights reserved.Öğe Distribution of Steinernematids and Heterorhabditids (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) in the Southern Anatolia Region of Turkey(Springer, 2016) Canhilal, Ramazan; Waeyenberge, Lieven; Toktay, Halil; Bozbuğa, Refik; Çetintaş, Ramazan; İmren, MustafaThis study was conducted to isolate and identify entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species in different agricultural areas in the Southern Anatolia region of Turkey. Out of 193 soil samples, 20 (10.33%) turned out to be positive for the presence of EPNs, belonging to the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis. Morphological and molecular (ITS-RDNA) characterizations were performed for the 20 EPN isolates. Six isolates were identified as H. bacteriophora, 2 as H indica and 6 as S. feltiae. Two isolates were undescribed Steinernemas pecies. H. indica was recorded for the first time in the southern Anatolia region of Turkey. Molecular analysis confirmed the morphological identification of Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae species. Comparative analysis of the ITS sequences revealed interspecific polymorphism among the tested isolates. Additionally, intraspecific polymorphism was observed within S. feltiaeand H bacteriophorapopulations, but no intraspecific polymorphism was detected in the H indicapopulation.Öğe Diversity and identification of plant-parasitic nematodes in wheat-growing ecosystems(MDPI, 2022) Keçici, Ayça İrem; Bozbuğa, Refik; Öcal, Atilla; Yüksel, Ebubekir; Özer, Göksel; Yıldız, Şenol; İmren, MustafaSeveral nematode species can be found in different densities in almost any soil ecosystem, and their diversity in those ecosystems depends on numerous reasons, such as climatic conditions and host presence. Cereals are one of the main hosts of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN), chiefly root-lesion nematodes (RLN, Pratylenchus spp.) and cereal cyst nematodes (CCN, Heterodera spp.). These nematodes are known as major parasites of the cereal crops; however, agricultural areas accommodate various nematodes showing biological variation. The diversity of parasitic nematodes on cereals in the Sakarya provinces of Turkiye, where cereals are intensively grown and located in the middle of two climatic zones, has not been well studied. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the diversity, identification, and molecular phylogeny of PPNs in wheat-growing ecosystems in the Hendek, Pamukova, Geyve, Akyazi, and Central districts of Sakarya. The diversity of PPNs was calculated using the Shannon diversity index. Thirteen PPN genera were detected in 92% of soil samples. Heterodera filipjevi was identified in 24% of the soil samples using morphological, morphometrical, and molecular tools. In the morphological and molecular analyses, intraspecific polymorphism was observed in H. filipjevi populations. The result indicated that the high infestation rate of H. filipjevi was recorded from Geyve and Pamukova, followed by Hendek and Akyazi; however, a low infestation rate was detected in the Central district. The moderate value of the Shannon index of migratory nematode species was obtained in wheat fields as 2.31, whereas the value of evenness was 0.93, implying moderate diversity and high evenness of nematodes. This study is the first comprehensive report on H. filipjevi from wheat cropping areas in the Sakarya province. Intensified cereal cropping systems with/without non-cereal rotations increased the risk of plant-parasitic nematodes, especially RLNs and H. filipjevi infection of wheat production areas in the province.Öğe Effect of Mi gene and nematode resistance on tomato genotypes using molecular and screening assay(Allerton Press Inc, 2020) Bozbuğa, Refik; Daşgan, Hayriye Yıldız; Akhoundnejad, Yelderem; İmren, Mustafa; Günay, Özlem C.; Toktay, HalilThe Mi gene is known to involve in the resistance response to some Root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. in tomato plants Lycopersicon esculentum. Root knot nematodes cause significant damages to almost all crops in the world. Among Meloidogyne species, Meloidogyne incognita is one of the most damages species causing a vast amount of crop loss including tomato plants. The resistance gene may be found in some tomato genotypes or cultivars. Determining the resistance gene, Mi, in tomato cultivars is very important to control root knot nematodes. For this purpose, this study was conducted in 99 tomato genotypes that were screened for resistance against Meloidogyne incognita in molecular and screening assays. Results revealed that Mi gene was only determined in one genotype (Tom113). The result of the screening assay indicated that one of the genotypes (Tom113) showed an immune reaction against the nematode; two genotypes (Tom146, Tom141) were found intermediate; 17 genotypes moderately susceptible, 43 genotypes susceptible and 36 genotypes found highly susceptible. Results of the screening assay confirmed the presence of Mi gene in a tomato genotype, which accompanied with a decreased ability for the nematode in causing the infection. Immune and some promising genotypes are thought as important genetic tools for breeding studies for future works.Öğe Effect of purpureocillium lilacinum on root lesion nematode, pratylenchus thornei(2018) Kepenekci, İlker; Toktay, Halil; Oksal, Erçin; Bozbuğa, Refik; İmren, MustafaWheat (Triticum spp.) is highly susceptible to the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, which causes excessive amounts of crop losses each year. In this research, we investigated the cumulative effect of the biocontrol agent Purpureocillium lilacinum (syn: Paecilomyces lilacinus) against P. thornei. Three doses of P. lilacinum (106 , 107 and 108 conidia cultures mL-1) with one dose of 400 P. thornei individuals (adults and juveniles) mL-1 were applied in 100 cm3 soil under greenhouse conditions. The number of nematodes in the soil and root in addition to total nematode in soil+root were determined. Moreover, different plant parameters such as the plant height, plant fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight were evaluated. Applications with the higher dose of bio-agents (100 cm3 P. thornei infested soil with 108 conidia culture of P. lilacinum mL-1) exhibited maximal enhancement in dry and fresh weight of shoot and reduced P. thornei population. As a consequence, P. lilacinum individually was highly effective in enhancing different plant parameters and suppressing P. thornei reproduction. Overall, present findings suggest that the exploitation of the biocontrol agent P. lilacinum could be helpful for effective management of the root lesion nematode P. thornei.Öğe Effects of temperature and duration of storage on the hatching behaviour of Heterodera latipons (Nematoda: Heteroderidae)(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2021) Tatlı, Yiğit Ali; Bozbuğa, Refik; Özer, Göksel; Mokrini, Fouad; Lahlali, Rachid; Dababat, Abdelfattah Amer; İmren, MustafaMediterranean cereal cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera latipons is considered as one of the main CCN that causes significant economic losses in the production of intolerant cereal crops in Turkey. Accordingly, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of different storing temperatures and durations on the emergence of second-stage juveniles (J2s) of the nematode populations obtained from the eastern Mediterranean (Adana and Hatay) and south-eastern (Gaziantep and Kilis) regions of Turkey. The obtained results revealed a variation in the J2s hatching profiles of the regional nematode populations. The eastern-Mediterranean and the south-eastern populations hatched at between 5 and 20 degrees C; however, considerable divergences in the J2 hatching were noticed. The highest emergence of J2s for the populations occurred at 10 degrees C, whereas the lowest level was observed at 5 degrees C. To simulate the preplanting soil temperatures in Turkey, the cysts were stored at 5 degrees C and 20 degrees C, before incubation at 10 and 15 degrees C, to stimulate hatching of the J2s. The highest cumulative hatching was obtained at a constant temperature of 10 degrees C, while the lowest cumulative hatching occurred at 5 degrees C. Moreover, storing cysts at 5 degrees C, before incubation at 10 and 15 degrees C, significantly stimulated hatching of the populations of H. latipons when compared to the control. However, storing the cysts at 20 degrees C, before incubation at 10 degrees C, substantially stimulated the emergence of J2s relative to the control. The obtained results about the hatching behaviour of H. latipons may help in the development of effective control strategies for this nematode in Turkey.Öğe Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes against common wireworm species in potato cultivation(MDPI, 2023) Askar, Arife Gümüş; Yüksel, Ebubekir; Bozbuğa, Refik; Öcal, Atilla; Kütük, Halil; İmren, MustafaWireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are common insect pests that attack a wide range of economically important crops including potatoes. The control of wireworms is of prime importance in potato production due to the potential damage of the larvae to tuber quantity and quality. Chemical insecticides, the main control strategy against wireworms, generally fail to provide satisfactory control due to the lack of available chemicals and the soil-dwelling habits of the larvae. In the last decades, new eco-friendly concepts have emerged in the sustainable control of wireworms, one of which is entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). EPNs are soil-inhabitant organisms and represent an ecological approach to controlling a great variety of soil-dwelling insect pests. In this study, the susceptibility of Agriotes sputator Linnaeus and A. rufipalpis Brulle larvae, the most common wireworm species in potato cultivation in Turkiye, to native EPN strains [Steinernema carpocapsae (Sc_BL22), S. feltiae (Sf_BL24 and Sf_KAY4), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Hb_KAY10 and Hb_AF12)] were evaluated at two temperatures (25 and 30 degrees C) in pot experiments. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hb_AF12 was the most effective strain at 30 degrees C six days post-inoculation and caused 37.5% mortality to A. rufipalpis larvae. Agriotes sputator larvae were more susceptible to tested EPNs at the same exposure time, and 50% mortality was achieved by two EPNs species, Hb_AF12 and Sc_BL22. All EPN species/strains induced mortality over 70% to both wireworm species at both temperatures at 100 IJs/cm(2), 18 days post-treatment. The results suggest that tested EPN species/strains have great potential in the control of A. sputator and A. rufipalpis larvae.Öğe Fındık Bahçelerinde Amerikan Beyaz Kelebeği'nin Mücadele Olanaklarının Araştırılması(2021) Kaçar, Gülay; Şahin, Burhan; Bozbuğa, Refik; Kütük, Halil; Koca, Derya; Koca, Abdurrahman Sami; Karataş, KürşadAmerikan beyaz kelebeği (ABK) Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), Dünyada istilacı türler listesinde bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Amerikan beyaz kelebeği ile savaşımda alternatif mücadele yöntemlerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda yerli doğal düşmanlarıdan iki önemli pupa parazitoit Chouioia cunea Yang (Hymenoptera: Elophidae) ve Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) ile biyoinsektisitler (Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, Diflubenzuron ve Azadiractin) entegre edilerek ABK ile mücadele yapılmıştır. Laboratuvarda ABK?nın farklı dönemlerine uygulanan Azadiractin preparatının 24, 48, 72 ve 168 saatte ölçülen ölüm oranları arasındaki fark istatistik önemli bulunmuştur. Arazi çalışmaları sonuçlarına göre, ilk yıl ilk dölde C. cunea ile kontrol arasında parazitlenme bakımından fark önemlidir, ikinci dölde ise önemsiz bulunmuştur. İkinci yılda ilk dölde C. cunea ile kontrol arasında parazitlenme bakımından fark önemlidir. İkinci yılın sonunda C. cunea salınan parsellerde parazitlenme oranı %75?e çıkmıştır. Biyo insektisit uygulanan parseller karşılaştırıldığında; ilk yıl sonuçlarına göre her iki döl sonuçları önemli bulunmuştur. İlk dölde en başarılı sonuçlar Diflobenzuron+C. cunea olarak bulunmuştur. İkinci dölde ise aynı grupta yer alan B. thuringiencis+C. cunea ve Diflobenzuron+C. cunea parsellerinde en iyi sonuç elde edilmiştir. Denemenin ikinci yılı sonuçlarına göre ilk döl sonuçlarına göre uygulamalar arasında fark bulunmamıştır. İkinci dölde ise uygulamalar arasında fark önemli bulunmuştur. İlk dölde en başarılı sonuçlar aynı grupta yer alan B. thuringiencis, Diflobenzuron, B. thuringiencis+C. cunea ve Diflobenzuron+C. cunea parsellerinde elde edilmiştir.Öğe Identification of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes having resistance against root knot nematode meloidogyne incognita(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2015) Bozbuğa, Refik; Daşgan, Hayriye Yıldız; Akhoundnejad, Yelderem; İmren, Mustafa; Toktay, HalilRoot knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cause immense yield losses in crops throughout the world. Use of resistant germplasms of plants limits the root knot nematode damages. In this study, 87 common bean (Phaseoulus vulgaris L.) genotypes were screened against the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita to determine the resistance response under growth chamber conditions in Turkey. P. vulgaris genotypes were evaluated based on resistance index (RI); root galling severity and nematode egg mass production on a 1-9 scale. The nematode negatively influenced the growth (fresh weight) of bean genotypes. At the completion of the study, 13 bean genotypes were found as immune (Sehirali), highly resistant (TR42164, Seleksiyon 5, Seker Fasulye, Fas-Agadir-Suk-1) and moderately resistant (Acik Badem, TR68587, TR43477, TR53827, TR28018, Gülnar-3, Siyah Fasulye, Kibris Amerikan) against M. incognita thus suggesting the use of such genotypes in breeding studies as a parental material to develop the root knot nematode resistant cultivars. © 2015, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Insecticidal effect of entomopathogenic nematodes and the cell-free supernatants from their symbiotic bacteria against different larval instars of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)(Springer, 2022) Yüksel, Ebubekir; İmren, Mustafa; Özdemir, Esengül; Bozbuğa, Refik; Canhilal, RamazanBackground Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) and their symbiotic bacteria are pathogenic for a wide range of insect pests and have been used successfully as a biological control agent. Although EPNs are well studied against many agricultural insect pests, the efficacy of their symbiotic bacteria still remains unclear for many insect pests of agricultural importance. In the present study, the virulence of native EPN isolates and their cell-free supernatants of symbiotic bacteria were tested against the 3rd and 4th larval instars of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions (25 +/- 1 degrees C and R.H. 60%). Results The 4th instar larvae were more susceptible to infective juveniles (IJs) and mortalities over (95%) were achieved by all tested EPN isolates at the concentration of 100 IJs/cm(2) after 72 hrs of exposure. The cell-free supernatants were more effective against the 3rd instar larvae and the highest mortalities were recorded as 42 and 60% in the contact and leaf disc bioassays, respectively. Conclusion The results indicated that the cell-free supernatants can be an ideal application for young larval stages of A. segetum. However, further studies are required to test the effectiveness of both EPNs and the cell-free supernatants of their symbiotic bacteria in field conditions.Öğe Nematode-citrus plant interactions: host preference, damage rate and molecular characterization of Citrus root nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans(Wiley, 2023) Bozbuğa, Refik; Yıldız, Şenol; Yüksel, Ebubekir; Özer, Göksel; Dababat, Abdelfattah A; İmren, MustafaCenter dot Citrus plants are host to several plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs), which are microscopic organisms. Among PPNs, the citrus root nematode, T. semipenetrans (Cobb 1913) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae), causes significant damage to citrus plantations worldwide. Understanding citrus nematode populations, precise identification, host preference among citrus species, and damage threshold are crucial to control T. semipenetrans. The minutiae of citrus plant-nematode interactions, nematode density and molecular nematode identification are not well understood. In this study, nematode species and density in citrus orchards, host specialization, molecular and morphological characteristics of nematodes were assessed. center dot Molecular and morphological methods, host- nematode interactions, host (citrus species) preference, damage economic threshold (ET), and economic injury level (EIL) were determined using laboratory methods and field sampling. Citrus plantations in different provinces in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were investigated. center dot Nematode species were identified molecularly and morphologically. ITS sequences revealed that samples were infected by citrus root nematode T. semipenetrans. The lowest nematode density was in C. reticulata in Mersin (53 2nd stage juveniles (J2s) 100 g(-1) soil), while the highest density was from Hatay in C. sinensis (12173 J2s 100 g(-1) soil). Highest citrus nematode population density was on roots of C. reticulata, followed by C. sinensis, C. limon, and C. paradisi. center dot The citrus nematode is more common than was thought and population fluctuations change according to specific citrus species. Environmental conditions, host and ecological factors, such as temperature, soil pH, and soil nutrients, might influence nematode populations in citrus orchards. Investigating nematode density in diverse soil ecologies and the responses of different resistant/tolerant citrus species and cultivars to nematode populations is essential in future studies.Öğe Occurrence, identification, and diversity of parasitic nematodes in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkiye(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Yüksel, Ebubekir; İmren, Mustafa; Özer, Göksel; Bozbuğa, Refik; Dababat, Abdelfattah A. A; Canhilal, RamazanRoot lesion nematodes (RLNs) (Pratylenchus spp.) are one of the most economically important plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) and are considered one of the leading causative agents of apple diseases that severely decrease yield and quality in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. Occurrence, identification, and diversity of PPNs in apple orchards in central Anatolia region of Turkiye have not been well understood. Therefore, in this study, a field survey was conducted in this region to reveal the occurrence, distribution, and diversity of mainly RLNs. The primary analysis of soil and root samples based on morphology revealed that 8 PPN species were present in sampled areas, the most prevalent of which was RLNs. As a result of morphological, morphometric, and molecular studies, a total of 5 species of RLNs [Pratylenchus crenatus Loof, 1960; Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1941; Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filipjev & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1941; Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951] were identified. Phylogenetic analysis with the D2-D3 domain of LSU-rDNA sequences further confirmed the identification. The results indicated that P. thornei was the predominant species in surveyed areas, followed by P. neglectus. The results confirmed the host status of apples for RLNs and demonstrated that RLNs were the most threatening PPNs in the surveyed apple orchards. The necessity of determining the damage caused by plant parasitic nematodes to apple production emerges as an important factor to be done as a future study.Öğe Pathogenesis-related gene (PvPR1 and PvPR2) expression involved in Meloidogyne incognita parasitism and resistance reactions of common bean genotypes in host-nematode interactions(Canadian Science Publishing, 2022) Bozbuğa, Refik; Çiftçi, Vahdettin; Yeken, Mehmet Zahit; İmren, MustafaPathogenesis-related (PR) genes are useful molecular markers, and gene expressions are activated in the reaction of plant -parasitic nematodes. Determining the PR gene expression and the resistance reaction of Phaseolus vulgaris L. genotypes against root-knot nematode are valuable for understanding plant-;nematode interactions. However, resistance reactions of P. vulgaris genotypes and the gene expression of host-nematode interactions are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the expression of PR genes during the infection of Meloidogyne incognita on resistant and susceptible bean varieties at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days postinfection (dpi). The results revealed that one genotype gave a reaction as "immune", and numerous genotypes were susceptible. The expression of PvPR1 and PvPR2 genes reached the highest peak at 1 dpi in nematode-infected immune plants, and the expression of PvPR1 reached 5 dpi in susceptible plants. In conclusion, PR genes involved in nematode resistance and parasitism and the immune common bean genotype have great potential in breeding programs and under-standing the exact location of resistance on the gene map would be advantageous as future work.Öğe The Role of Storage Duration and Conditions on the Survival and Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes(2023) Akı, Onur; Yüksel, Ebubekir; Imren, Mustafa; Bozbuğa, Refik; Canhilal, RamazanEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) are effective biocontrol agents for many insect pests and are generally stored for a period of time prior to their use in the laboratory or field. However, unfavorable storage conditions have a great impact on the survival and infectivity of EPNs. This study was conducted to determine the optimum storage conditions of infective juveniles (IJs) of four native EPN species (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora FLH-4H, H. indica 216-H, Steinernema feltiae KCS-S, and S. bicornotum MGZ-4S) under laboratory conditions. The survival capability of the IJs was tested at different concentrations (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 IJs), temperatures (9 and 25 °C) and storage media [double-distilled water (ddH2O), tap water, and sterile Ringer solution]. In general, the survival of IJs of tested EPN species was the highest at the 1st month after treatment (MAT) at the concentrations of 1000 and 1500 IJs and gradually decreased with the increasing storage periods. The survival rates of the IJs of Steirnematids were generally higher than Heterorhabditid species. The highest survival of IJs was generally obtained after 1-month storage in Ringer solution at 9°C while tap water led to poor survival for the IJs at both temperatures tested. The IJs that were stored at 9°C induced higher mortalities on the larvae of Galleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The results showed that the IJs of tested EPN species can remain viable for a longer period of time in Ringer solution at 1000 and 1500 IJs concentrations at 9°C without losing much of their infectivity.Öğe A study on the presence of potato cyst nematodes: globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Skarbilovich, 1959 and Globodera Pallida Stone 1973 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) in Nevşehir province, Turkey(2019) Özarslandan, Adem; Dinçer, Dilek; Bozbuğa, Refik; İmren, Mustafa; Elekçioğlu, İbrahim HalilPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber) and Globodera pallida (Stone) cause significant yield losses and have been listed as quarantine pests for many countries in the world including Turkey, and the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO, A2). In Turkey, the current potato production area is decreasing due to contamination by quarantine agents, and new fields are under threat of invasion by new quarantine organisms. In this study, samples were collected from Nevşehir province, Turkey, in potato growing fields during the spring growing season in 2014-2015. Soil samples were washed using Fenwick’s can and cysts were extracted and identified using molecular markers. The species-specific molecular markers generated a 435 bp using PITSr3, PITSp4 and ITS5 primers. The potato golden cyst nematode, G. rostochiensis was identified in Nevşehir potato production areas and this is the first report for the Central Anatolia Region. In addition, G. rostochiensis was found in two samples of the same field in the surveys. The average cyst nematode density was determined as 60 cysts in 250 g soil.
