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Öğe Determination of alveolar bone height according to the relationship between molar teeth and maxillary sinus(Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Bayrak, Seval; Atakan, CemalPurpose This study aims to analyze alveolar bone height (ABH) in the maxillary molar area according to the anatomical relationship between maxillary sinus and maxillary molar teeth via cone beam computed tomography images. Methods In 330 patients, 660 maxillary first molar (M1) and 648 maxillary second molar (M2) were evaluated. ABH measurements were made as to the shortest distance between the furcation midpoints of maxillary molars and the lowest point of the sinus floor. After the measurement, the positions of the maxillary molar teeth relative to the maxillary sinus were classified into four categories as type 1, 2, 3, and 4. Results ABH measurements in males were significantly higher than females (p< 0.05), but there were no differences between sides (p> 0.05). There were significant differences between types of both M1 and M2 for ABH, and the longest ABH was measured in type 1 (p< 0.05). Type 3 was the most common among 1308 maxillary molars teeth followed by type 1, type 2, and type 4. Conclusion Determination of the relationship between maxillary molar teeth and the maxillary sinus and analysis of ABH according to this relationship may help plan endodontic treatment, apical surgery, and immediate implant therapy and prevent their complications.Öğe Determining the reliability of diagnosis and treatment using artificial intelligence software with panoramic radiographs(Korean Acad Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, 2023) Orhan, Kaan; Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Manulis, David; Golitsyna, Maria; Bayrak, Seval; Aksoy, SeçilPurpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI) program in identifying dental conditions using panoramic radiographs (PRs), as well as to assess the appropriateness of its treatment recommendations. Materials and Methods: PRs from 100 patients (representing 4497 teeth) with known clinical examination findings were randomly selected from a university database. Three dentomaxillofacial radiologists and the Diagnocat AI software evaluated these PRs. The evaluations were focused on various dental conditions and treatments, including canal filling, caries, cast post and core, dental calculus, fillings, furcation lesions, implants, lack of interproximal tooth contact, open margins, overhangs, periapical lesions, periodontal bone loss, short fillings, voids in root fillings, overfillings, pontics, root fragments, impacted teeth, artificial crowns, missing teeth, and healthy teeth. Results: The AI demonstrated almost perfect agreement (exceeding 0.81) in most of the assessments when compared to the ground truth. The sensitivity was very high (above 0.8) for the evaluation of healthy teeth, artificial crowns, dental calculus, missing teeth, fillings, lack of interproximal contact, periodontal bone loss, and implants. However, the sensitivity was low for the assessment of caries, periapical lesions, pontic voids in the root canal, and overhangs. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of this study, the synthesized data suggest that AI-based decision support systems can serve as a valuable tool in detecting dental conditions, when used with PR for clinical dental applications.Öğe Evaluation of the ethmoid bone using by cone beam computed tomography in Turkish subpopulation(MARMARA UNIV, INST HEALTH SCIENCES, 2021) Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Bayrak, Seval; Orhan, KaanObjective: The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluated anatomical structures of ethmoid bone on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in a Turkish subpopulation. Methods: The CBCT images of 200 patients (116 female and 84 male), between the age of 18 and 50 years, who met the study criteria were selected randomly. The medial ethmoid roof height (MERH), cribriform plate height (CP), the height of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate (LLCP) were measured. All the data were grouped by age, side, and gender. Results: For MERH; the mean heights for the left and the right side were 25.55 +/- 3.00 mm and 25.24 +/- 3.01 mm, respectively. There was no significant difference between right MERH and genders (p>0.05). The mean LLCP heights on the right and left sides were 4.98 +/- 2.12 mm and 4.49 +/- 1.64 mm, respectively. It was found that LLCP height did not have a statistically significant correlation with gender (p>0.05). The average of right and left CPH were calculated 20.55 +/- 2.61 mm and 20.82 +/- 2.75 mm, respectively. Both the right and left CPH were significantly higher in males (p<0.05). Also, there was no correlation between the height of the anatomical structures of the evaluated ethmoid bone and the increase or decrease in age (p>0.05). Conclusion: Morphological differences in the anatomy of ethmoid bone were shown in this study. The anatomical structures showing changes due to factors such as side, age, gender, and race should be examined in three dimensions before the operation.Öğe Evaluation of the relationship between olfactory fossa measurements and nasal septum deviation for endoscopic sinus surgery(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020) Bayrak, Seval; Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Orhan, KaanIntroduction: Endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS) are frequently used in the treatment of optic nerve decompression, other intracranial lesions and sinonasal pathologies. The olfactory fossa can be localized on different levels in relation to the anterior cranial fossa. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the depth and width of the olfactory fossa (OF) in relation to nasal septum deviation (NSD). Methods: A total of 225 patient (141 female and 84 male, age range between 15 to 56 years) of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data was used in this study. NSD, OF width, OF depth were measured. OF depth which was grouped according to the Keros classification as Type I, II, and III was calculated. All measurements were performed bilaterally except for NSD. Results: In the right and left OF depth were found Keros Type I 32 (14.2%) and 30 (13.3%), Keros Type II 171 (76%) and 167 (74.2%), and Keros Type III 22 (9.8%) and 28 (12.4%) respectively. There was no statistically significant found between OF depth and NSD (P > 0.05). The mean angle of the NSD in men and women were 4.36 +/- 4.69(o)in women 4.11 +/- 4.36(o), respectively. The mean width of the right OF was 2.50 +/- 0.64 mm and 2.58 +/- 0.72 mm for the left side and there was no statistically significant association between OF width - NSD and OF width - OF depth (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The anatomy of the OF should be well established before surgical intervention increase of the length of the lateral lamella is also increases the risk of developing complications such as cerebral damage, hemorrhage, and cerebrospinal fluid fistula during endoscopic sinus surgery. Although there is no significant difference between OF measurement and NSD, with three-dimensional imaging detailed research is required before endoscopic sinus surgical operations.Öğe Multiple regression modeling for age estimation by assessment and comparison of spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion and cervical vertebral maturation stages(Thieme Medical Publishers Inc, 2022) Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Bayrak, Seval; Orhan, Kaan; Ankaralı, HandanObjectives The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate the relationship between spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion stages, cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages, and clivus sizes with chronological age on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, and (2) to compare these methods for accurate age estimation using regression analysis. Materials and Methods The CBCT images of 200 individuals (102 females and 98 males) were included in the study. The SOS fusion stages and CVM stages were evaluated. The width and length of the clivus were measured. The effects of SOS fusion stages, CVM stages, clivus width, and clivus length on age estimation were evaluated by univariate tests and the effects of coexistence with ANCOVA and regression model. Spearman rank correlation analysis was also used to investigate the relationship between the SOS fusion stage, CVM stage, clivus width, and clivus length. Results The SOS stages, CVM stages, and clivus width were not shown statistically significant differences between the sexes (p-values=0.205, 0.162, and 0.277, respectively), whereas clivus length was significantly longer in males (42.94.26mm) than in females (41.04 +/- 3.74mm). Multiple regression analysis showed 80% success when all parameters (SOS fusion stages, CVM stages, clivus width, and clivus length) were taken into consideration. Conclusion In conclusion, with the use of CVM stages and SOS fusion stages together, an accurate and reliable age estimation can be obtained in forensic medicine.Öğe Multiple regression modeling for age estimation by assessment and comparison of spheno-occipital synchondrosis usion and cervical vertebral maturation stages(Thieme Medical Publ Inc, 2020) Belgin, Ceren Aktuna; Bayrak, Seval; Orhan, Kaan; Ankaralı, HandanObjectives The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate the relationship between spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion stages, cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages, and clivus sizes with chronological age on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, and (2) to compare these methods for accurate age estimation using regression analysis. Materials and Methods The CBCT images of 200 individuals (102 females and 98 males) were included in the study. The SOS fusion stages and CVM stages were evaluated. The width and length of the clivus were measured. The effects of SOS fusion stages, CVM stages, clivus width, and clivus length on age estimation were evaluated by univariate tests and the effects of coexistence with ANCOVA and regression model. Spearman rank correlation analysis was also used to investigate the relationship between the SOS fusion stage, CVM stage, clivus width, and clivus length. Results The SOS stages, CVM stages, and clivus width were not shown statistically significant differences between the sexes (p-values=0.205, 0.162, and 0.277, respectively), whereas clivus length was significantly longer in males (42.94.26mm) than in females (41.04 +/- 3.74mm). Multiple regression analysis showed 80% success when all parameters (SOS fusion stages, CVM stages, clivus width, and clivus length) were taken into consideration. Conclusion In conclusion, with the use of CVM stages and SOS fusion stages together, an accurate and reliable age estimation can be obtained in forensic medicine.