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    Depression in pregnancy is associated with decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in fetal cord blood
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Camkurt, Mehmet Akif; Findikli, Ebru; Bakacak, Murat; Karaaslan, Mehmet Fatih; Tolun, Fatma Inanc; Tuman, Taha Can
    The investigation of fetal cord blood (FCB) during child delivery has created a novel topic in the field of psychiatric research. The umbilical vein receives nutrients and oxygen from the mother's circulation and transports them to the fetal circulation. Investigating fetal cord blood during delivery is beneficial for understanding the fetal environment. Depression in pregnancy is associated with medical and emotional burdens. In this study, we aimed to investigate glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the FCB of depressed mothers and healthy controls. Our study included 45 depressed mothers and 59 healthy controls. The FCB samples were collected from the umbilical vein during delivery. We found that Gpx levels were significantly decreased in the FCB of depressed mothers than healthy controls, medians were 0.14 U/ml and 0.16 respectively, Z: -3.567 and p < 0.001. MPO levels were similar in both groups, medians were 1.0 U/L and 1.2 U/L respectively, Z: -1.837 and p:0.066. Depression in pregnancy may be associated with decreased antioxidant levels, and this condition may cause an oxidative load, which may lead to improper brain development. Future studies should be performed in larger samples to clarify our preliminary results. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of NO Levels in Depressed and Healthy Mothers, A Fetal Cord Study During the Delivery
    (Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2016) Camkurt, Mehmet Akif; Findikli, Ebru; Karaaslan, Mehmet Fatih; Tolun, Fatma; Bakacak, Murat; Gunes, Serkan; Dagli, Hasan
    Depression in pregnancy imposes an emotional burden to mothers' life; on the other hand, an association exists between negative fetal and birth outcomes and pregnancy depression. The umbilical cord is vital for the fetus, which has critical roles in transportation of nutrients and oxygen between fetal and maternal circulation. NO is an important molecule involved in many physiological functions like vasodilatation, smooth muscle relaxation, immune-modulation, neurotransmission, and platelet aggregation inhibition. In this study, we aimed to investigate NO levels in fetal cord blood (FCB) of depressed mothers and healthy controls. An obstetrician collected blood samples during the caesarean section. Study participants were 40 depressed mothers and 44 healthy controls. We did not find any difference between groups regarding NO levels. However, birth weight of babies was significantly lower in depression group. Placenta could have a regulatory role in NO levels during pregnancy.
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    A randomized pilot study of electro-acupuncture treatment for hysterosalpingography pain relief and related anxiety
    (Galenos Yayıncılık, 2020) Bakacak, Zeyneb; Demirel, Adnan; Bakacak, Murat; Urfalıoğlu, Aykut; Yaylalı, Aslı; Boran, Ömer Faruk; Kaplanoğlu, Mustafa
    Objective: To investigate the effect of acupuncture on reducing pain and anxiety related to hysterosalpingography (HSG). Materials and Methods: A total of 107 patients planned to undergo HSG were randomly separated into 3 groups; the acupuncture group (n=36), intramuscular diclofenac sodium group (n=35), arid control group (n=37). In the acupuncture group, electro-acupuncture was applied to specified points for 20 mins before the procedure. In the intramuscular diclofenac sodium group, an intramuscular injection of 75 mg diclofenac sodium was applied 30 mins before the procedure. No analgesics were administered to the patients in the control group before intervention. Pain was evaluated with a Visual Analog scale (VAS) arid anxiety with the State-trait Anxiety inventory -state (STAI-S), preoperatively and at specified times postoperatively. Results: The VAS scores at 1 and 5 minutes after HSG were similar in acupuncture group and intramuscular diclofenac sodium group, and significantly lower than in the control group. At 30 mins postoperatively, there was no significant difference between the 3 groups in respect of the VAS scores. The STAI-S scores at 1 hour preoperatively were similar in all the groups (p=0.563). In the comparisons of the STAI-S values at preoperative 5 mins, following acupuncture in acupuncture group and the diclofenac injection in intramuscular diclofenac sodium group, and at postoperative 30 mins, the acupuncture group values were determined to be statistically significantly lower than those of the other groups (p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusion: Acupuncture has similar effects on the reduction of pain as other analgesics and reduces anxiety. It can therefore be used in HSG in suitable clinics.