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Öğe Anti-inflammatory effect of cortistatin in rat endotoxin-induced uveitis model(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Balbaba, Mehmet; Dal, Ali; Çolakoğlu, Neriman; Bulmuş, Özgür; Ulaş, Fatih; Yıldırım, Hakan; Aydemir, OrhanPurpose: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of cortistatin (CST) in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) model and to compare the results with corticosteroid treatment. Methods: A total of 35 healthy Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups. EIU was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Group I received intraperitoneal (ip) normal saline (NS), Group II received ip 150 mu g LPS plus NS, Group III received ip 150 mu g LPS plus 250 mu g/kg CST, Group IV received ip 150 mu g LPS plus 1mg/kg dexamethasone, and Group V received ip 250 mu g/kg CST only. The aqueous humor was collected 24 h after injection and the infiltrating cells were determined. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were also performed. Results: The clinical score and infiltrated cell count were reduced in Groups III and IV compared with Group II (P < 0.001). The pathological findings of Groups III and IV were significantly reduced compared with Group II (P < 0.001). These findings were similar between Groups III and IV (P = 1.000). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) immunoreactivity in the ciliary body of Group III and Group IV were significantly reduced compared with Group II (P < 0.001). TNF- and IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in the ciliary body of Group III and Group IV were similar compared with Group I and Group V (range of P values was 0.539-0.958). Conclusion: CST administration as a therapeutic agent might ameliorate the severity of intraocular inflammation in uveitis patients. In conclusion, effect of CST and dexamethasone in EIU model was comparable.Öğe Disosiye horizontal deviasyon: 13 olguda klinik bulgular ve cerrahi tedavi sonuçları(2003) Çelebi, Serdal; Aydemir, Orhan; Yılmaz, TurgutAmaç: Disosiye Horizontal Deviasyon (DHD) abduktor komponentin belirgin olduğu disosiye bir şaşılık türüdür. DHD 'nin iki karekteristik özelliği, asimetrik horizontal kayma ve değişken kayma açısı mevcudiyetidir. Bu çalışmada DHD1H olguların klinik özellikleri ve ameliyat sonrası sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya alman 13 hastanın 4'ü erkek, 9'u kadındı. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 9.6±5.6 (4-21) idi. DHD tanısı alternan örtme-açma ve prizma örtme testi ile konuldu. Tüm hastalara cerrahi tedavi uygulandı. Ekzodeviasyonu belirgin olan olgulara 8 mm lateral rektus kası geriletmesi, ezodeviasyonu belirgin olan olgulara ise 6 mm lateral rektus kası geriletmesi yapıldı. Beraberinde disosiye vertikal deviasyon (DVD) veya alt oblik kas hiperfonksiyonu mevcut olan olgularda bu patolojiler de aynı cerrahi seansta düzeltildi. Bulgular: DHD; 10 olguda (%77) ekzodeviasyon, 3 olguda (%23) ezodeviasyon şeklindeydi. Yedi olguda (%54) tek gözde, 6 olguda (%46) her iki gözde tutulum mevcuttu. Belirgin DHD 'si mevcut gözlerde en yüksek kayma açısı ortalama değer olarak 36.5±2.4 (25-55) prizm diyoptri (PD) olarak ölçüldü. Ameliyat öncesi iki göz arası horizontal kayma açısı farkı ortalama değer olarak 30.0±10.2 (15-55) PD iken, ameliyat sonrası ise bu fark tüm hastalarımızda 10 PD altında saptandı. Sonuç: DHD 'nin klinik özellikleri oldukça karışıktır. İki göz arasındaki kayma açısı sabit olmayıp, her iki gözde değişik zamanlarda farklı kaymalar gözlenir. DHD'nin ekzodeviasyon ile birlikte olduğu gözlerde aynı taraf lateral rektus kasına 8 mm geriletme, ezodeviasyon ile birlikte olduğu gözlerde aynı taraf lateral rektus kasma 6 mm geriletme yapılması cerrahi tedavi seçimi olabilir.Öğe Familial dominant druzenli bir olgu sunumu(2005) Aydemir, Orhan; Yılmaz, Turgut; Çelebi, Serdal; Kükner, A. ŞahapAmaç: Familial dominant druzen (FDD) otozomal dominant genetik geçiş gösteren ve retina pigment epiteli metabolizmasında bozuklukla seyreden bir klinik tablodur. Hastalık, sıklıkla hayatın ikinci ve üçüncü dekadları arasında asemptomatik olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, FDD tanısı alan bir olgunun klinik bulguları, karakteristik özellikleri ve tanı kriterleri incelendi.Öğe İskemik tip akut santral retina ven tıkanıklığının intravitreal doku plazminojen aktivatörü ile tedavisi(2004) Aydemir, Orhan; Kükner, A. Şahap; Yılmaz, Turgut; Çelebi, Serdal; Ulaş, FatihAmaç: İskemik tip akut santral retina ven tıkanıklığı (SRVT) olgularında intravitreal doku plazminojen aktivatörü (dPA) uygulamasının görme keskinliği üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: İskemik tip akut SRVT tanısı konulan 10 olguya intravitreal 80-100 mg dPA enjeksiyonu yapılarak, hastaların başlangıç, ikinci ve altıncı hafta, üçüncü ve altıncı aylarda görme keskinlikleri, biyomikroskopik muayeneleri ve fundus fluoressein anjiyografileri (FFA) değerlendirildi. Bulgular: 10 hastaya uygulanan intravitreal dPA enjeksiyonu sonrası 4 (%40) hastada görme keskinliği 0,4 ve üzeri seviyelerine ulaştı. 8 olguda (%80) görme keskinliği başlangıç görme keskinliğine göre daha iyi bir seviyedeyken, 2 olguda (%20) görme keskinliği aynı düzeyde kaldı. Retina iskemisinde artış gözlenen 4 (%40) olguya PRFK uygulandı. Komplikasyon olarak sadece 1(%10) hastada kendiliğinden düzelen vitreus hemorajisi izlendi. Sonuç: Akut iskemik SRVT tedavisinde intravitreal dPA enjeksiyonu basit ve güvenilir görünmekle beraber daha geniş hasta gruplarında uzun dönem takip sonuçları ile desteklenmesi gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.Öğe Leptin in corneas from keratoconus and infectious keratitis patients(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2005) Aydemir, Orhan; Nazıroğlu, Mustafa; Çolakoğlu, Neriman; Yılmaz, Turgut; Kükner, Aysel; Kükner, A. ŞahapPurpose: Leptin is produced primarily by adipose tissue. More recent studies have shown extra sites of leptin production in physiologic and ill human tissues. However, whether leptin originates from human corneas in infectious keratitis and keratoconus is not known. The aim of this study was to demonstrate and quantitate leptin expression in corneas with infectious keratitis and keratoconus and make comparisons to control corneas. Methods: We examined the immunohistochemical staining of leptin in nine corneas surgically excised from patients with infectious keratitis (3 patients), keratoconus (3 patients), and donor corneas (3 patients). Results: The results were analyzed using a semi quantitative scoring system of mild, moderate, and strong. Cells of the infectious keratitis group had the strongest leptin staining intensity, the control group had moderate, and the keratoconus group had mild staining intensity. The more vascular corneas in the infectious keratitis group were also associated with the greatest leptin staining. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that leptin expression was present in all three sources of corneas (infectious keratitis, keratoconus, and normal control). Quantitative scoring would imply it may play a role in infectious keratitis, although further experiments are necessary to establish any causal relationship.Öğe Protective effects of intraperitoneal vitamin c, aprotinin and melatonin administration on retinal edema during experimental uveitis in the guinea pig(Wiley, 2004) Kükner, A. Şahap; Kükner, Aysel; Nazıroğlu, Mustafa; Çolakoğlu, Neriman; Çelebi, Serdal; Yılmaz, Turgut; Aydemir, OrhanA considerable amount of clinical and experimental evidence exists suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen substances (ROS) in the actiology of uveitis. The activated phagocytic system of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in uveitis is involved in the generation of ROS. In addition to their direct free radical scavenging action, aprotinin, melatonin and vitamin C are known to protect against oedema formation and can preserve plasma membrane fluidity and free radical production. Histological changes in the retina that occur during uveitis are not well explained. The purpose of this study was to determine whether vitamin C, aprotinin and melatonin can protect the retina from damage accompanying experimental uveitis (EU). Thirty adult male guinea pigs were divided into five groups of six animals each. The first group was used as control. The right eyes of groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 received an intravitreal injection of bovine serum albumin for induction of experimental uveitis. At the same time and also on the consecutive third day, groups 3, 4 and 5 received intraperitoneal injections of vitamin C (ascorbic acid, 100 mg kg(-1) body wt), aprotinin (20 000 mg kg(-1) body wt) and melatonin (10 mg kg(-1) body wt), respectively. The animals were killed on the sixth day. The average thickness of the retina and inner plexiform layer for each eye was measured in sagittal section near the optic nerve and expressed in microns. The thickness of the retina and inner plexiform layer in the control group was significantly (p < 0.01) lower than in the group EU as compared with the group EU plus vitamin C, group EU plus aprotinin, group EU plus melatonin (p < 0.05). The thicknesses of the retina and inner plexiform layer in group EU plus vitamin C, group EU plus aprotinin and group EU plus melatonin were significantly (p < 0 01) lower than that in the group EU. The difference in thickness of the retina and inner plexiform layer among the groups 3, 4 and 5 was not significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that oedematous effects of EU on the retina were reduced by the administration of intraperitoneal vitamin C, aprotinin and melatonin, i.e. these antioxidants had significant protective effects on the retina of guinea pigs against oedematous damage in EU. However, the reductive effect of vitamin C on EU was greater than that of aprotinin and melatonin. The intraperitoneal vitamin C, aprotinin and melatonin supplementations may strengthen the antioxidant defence system because of decreased ROS, and these agents may play a role in treating uveitis.Öğe Protective effects of vitamin E forms (alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol and d-alpha-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) on retinal edema during ischemia-reperfusion injury in the guinea pig retina(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004) Aydemir, Orhan; Çelebi, Serdal; Yılmaz, Turgut; Yekeler, Hayrettin; Kükner, A.SahapPurpose: The purpose of this study is to provide evidence that free radical damage is a component of retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to determine whether alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol and d-alpha-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) can protect the retina from this injury. Methods: The right eyes of 40 male guinea pigs weighing 500-600 g were used. The animals were randomly assigned to group 1 (control), group 2 (I/R), group 3 (I/R plus alpha-tocopherol), group 4 (I/R plus gamma-tocopherol) and group 5 (I/R plus TPGS). Groups 3, 4 and 5 received four subcutaneous injections at six-hour intervals for total dosage of 800 IU/kg alpha-tocopherol, 1000 IU/kg gamma-tocopherol and 750 IU/kg TPGS, respectively. The first dose of each substance was administered 5 minutes before retinal ischemia. Retinal ischemia was induced for 90 minutes, then followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. Injections of three substances were repeated at 6, 12 and 18 hours during reperfusion. The animals were killed at 24 hours of reperfusion. Sagittal sections of 4 ?m were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for light microscopic evaluation. The average thickness (edema) of the inner plexiform layer for each eye was measured in sagittal sections near the optic nerve and expressed in microns. Results: All the three substances showed statistically significant protection against the formation of retinal edema during ischemia-reperfusion injury. The mean thickness of the inner plexiform layer were 15.0, 25.44, 19.81, 21.38 and 20.88 ?m in control, I/R, I/R plus alpha-tocopherol, I/R plus gamma-tocopherol and I/R plus TPGS groups, respectively. The results showed that the thickness of the inner plexiform layer in group 1 (control) was significantly lower than the other groups (p <0.001). The inner plexiform layer was thicker in the I/R group than with I/R plus alpha-tocopherol (p <0.001), I/R plus gamma-tocopherol (p <0.001) and I/R plus TPGS (p <0.01). The inner plexiform layer was not thicker in the I/R plus TPGS group than in the I/R plus alpha-tocopherol and I/R plus gamma-tocopherol groups. Compared to the I/R plus alpha-tocopherol group, the inner plexiform layer was significantly thicker in the I/R plus gamma-tocopherol group (p <0.01). Conclusions: The results from these experiments indicate that vitamin E forms have protective effects on the retina during retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, but, the effects of alpha-tocopherol and TPGS appear to be much greater than that of gamma-tocopherol. © Springer 2006.Öğe Protective role of alpha-tocopherol on retinal injury in experimental uveitis in guinea pigs(2006) Demir, Dilek; Yılmaz, Turgut; İlhan, Nevin; Yekeler, Hayrettin; Aydemir, Orhan; Kükner, A.SahapPurpose: Purposeof the study was to determine whether alpha-tocopherol (AT) can protect the retina from oxidative damage in experimental uveitis (EU). Material and Methods: The eyes of 36 adult male guinea pigs were studied. The guinea pigs were divided into three groups of 12 animals each. The first group was used as control. The right eyes of groups 2 and 3 received an intravitreal injection of bovine serum albumin for EU induction. At the same time and also on the consecutive third and fifth days, group 3 received intraperitoneal AT injections. The samples were collected on the eighth day. Retinal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the average thickness of the inner plexiform layer were measured and the histopathology of the eyes was studied. Results: The MDA level was significantly lower in the control group than in the groups 2 (p < 0.01) and 3 (p < 0.05). When compared with the EU group 2, there was a significant lowering of MDA in the AT injected group 3 (p < 0.01). The thickness of the inner plexiform layer in the control group 1 was significantly lower than in the other groups (p < 0.01). Its thickness in the group 3 supplied with AT was significantly lower than in the group 2 (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The data indicate that intraperitoneal AT administration protects against EU injury in the guinea pig retina as evidenced by the reduced MDA and the thickness of retina. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 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