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    Comparison of the Effect of Different Treatment Doses of Intrastromal Vancomycin in a Rabbit Model of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Keratitis
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Bayrak, Abdullah; Celebi, Serdal; Avcioglu, Fatma; Alkan, Yunus
    PurposeTo compare the effect of different doses of vancomycin on a rabbit model of MRSA keratitis.MethodsTwenty-four eyes of 24 New-Zealand White rabbits were included in the study. MRSA keratitis was applied to 24 left eyes of 24 New Zealand rabbits. Twenty-four hours after MRSA inoculation; 0.5 mg/0.1 mL, 1 mg/0.1 mL, and 2 mg/0.1 mL and balanced salt solution were administered to 6 rabbits in 4 groups, respectively.ResultsThe effect of different doses of vancomycin on reducing bacterial load was found to be statistically significant when each was compared to the control group (p = 0.006). When comparing the dosages with each other, no superiority was shown (p = 0.297, p = 0.749, p = 0.262 respectively). There was a significant increase in the posttreatment total clinical score in the control and 2 mg/0.1 mL groups compared to the pretreatment score (p = 0.001, p = 0.001 respectively).ConclusionIt is emphasized that necessary treatment can be achieved by administering less antibiotic (0.5 mg/0.1 mL) to the corneal intrastromal area.
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    Genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus in the province of Gaziantep, a 10-year evaluation
    (Akademiai Kiado Zrt, 2023) Cirit, Osman Sezer; Demir, Yelda; Yildirim, Mehmet Sait; Alpaslan, Buket; Avcioglu, Fatma; Dogn, Yusuf; Astam, Pinar
    Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis infections. Gaziantep is located southeast part of Turkey and has a border with Syria. More than 400,000 Syrian refugees live in Gaziantep. The aim of this study was to evaluate distribution of HCV genotypes among Syrian patients and in people who inject drugs. Serum samples form 1,628 individuals (786 female, 842 male) which were sent to our laboratory for genotyping between January 2013 and December 2022, were analyzed retrospectively. Three different HCV genotyping assays (Qiagen, RTA and Abbott) were used during the 10-year study period. Out of the 1,628 patients, genotype 1 was detected in 51.5%, genotype 3 in 21.4%, genotype 4 in 20%, genotype 5 in 4.6%, genotype 2 in 1.3%. Mixed genotype was found in 20 patients. Of the patients, 1,143 were Turkish patients and among those patients genotype 1 (66.8%) was the most common genotype followed by genotype 3 (29%). Among Syrian patients (n 5 477), genotype 4 (64.2%) was predominant genotype followed by genotype 1 and genotype 5. Genotype 3 was detected in 277 (79.6%) prisoners. All of them were male and probably the main source of HCV infection was intravenous drug abuse. While genotypes 1 and 4 were common in females, genotypes 1 and 3 were common in males. In the future genotype 3 may become an increasing problem due to the persons who inject drugs. Less frequent genotypes such as 4 and 5 may become more frequent due to Syrian patients.
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    Sex steroid levels and stress-related markers in pregnant and non-pregnant women and the effect of periodontal therapy
    (Medicina Oral S L, 2024) Gokturk, Ozge; Yarkac, Fatma Ucan; Avcioglu, Fatma
    Background: Periodontal disease during pregnancy can produce adverse events; in the current study stress was investigated as an exacerbating factors of periodontal disease. The aims of this study were to evaluate the possible associations between stress and pregnancy through scanning for gingivitis and to explore the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NPT) on stress-related markers (CgA, AA, beta-endorphin, DHEA, sIgA and NPY) and sex steroid levels (estrogen and progesterone) in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Material and methods: A total of 87 subjects; 22 pregnant women with gingivitis, 25 periodontally healthy pregnant women; 22 non-pregnant women with gingivitis and 15 periodontally healthy non-pregnant women, participated in this study. Periodontal clinical measures, stress hormones and sex steroid levels were measured at baseline and following the periodontal therapy. Results: While periodontal therapy showed an improvement in salivary CgA, AA, beta-endorphin, DHEA, and sIgA levels (p<0.05) in non-pregnant women with gingivitis; neuropeptide Y levels were found to be unaffected (p>0.05). There were no significant changes in salivary CgA, AA, DHEA, sIgA, and neuropeptide Y levels in pregnant women with gingivitis (p>0.05); however, a decrease in beta-endorphin levels was observed after therapy (p<0.05). Pregnant women with gingivitis had higher gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) beta-endorphin levels in comparison to non-pregnant women with gingivitis. Conclusions: Gingival inflammation can be a psychosocial stress inducing factor during pregnancy. Furthermore, periodontal therapy may assist in reducing stress-related hormone levels in GCF during pregnancy.