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Öğe Comparison of cephalometric measurements of living subjects and ancient skulls in Anatolia(2020) Akbulut, Sibel; Karadeniz, Secil Nigar; Cakmak, Emine Sebnem Kursun; Bayrak, Seval; Şahin, Serkan; Orhan, KaanAbstract Aim: This study aims to provide insights into the evolutionary adaptation of human, via comparing the craniofacial characteristics of living subjects and ancient skulls from Anatolia. Material and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) generated 2D cephalometric projections of 32 ancient skulls and well matched lateral cephalometric images of 32 patients were evaluated. Sixteen widely used cephalometric measurements were performed. Intra-class correlation coefficients were used to examine intra-observer reliability. Mann–Whitney tests and chi-square tests were used to compare cephalometric measurements of the groups. Results: : The linear measurements of living subjects were smaller than the linear measurements of ancient skulls (p<0.05). Significant differences were found between the groups in the cranial base lengths, maxillary and mandibular dimensions (p<0.05). The maxilla and mandible were found more prognathic in ancient men and women (p<0.001). Conclusion: Environmental factors and genetic changes lead to a reduction in the sagittal and vertical dimensions of the human craniofacial complex. Dental practitioners should consider these evolutionary changes during the treatment planning process.Öğe Comparison of the effects of removable functional appliance therapy applied in pubertal and postpubertal periods: A retrospective cephalometric and fractal analyses study(Mosby-Elseiver, 2023) Korkmaz, Yasemin Nur; Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, SevalIntroduction: In this study, we compared the effects of functional treatment with Twin-block appliance on the bony architectures of the maxilla and mandible by fractal dimension (FD) analysis, and the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects by cephalometric analysis, in pubertal and postpubertal patients with Class II malocclusion. Methods: This study comprised 60 patients who underwent Twin-block treatment. Group 1 consisted of 30 patients in the pubertal period (6 boys and 24 girls; mean age 12.27 +/- 1.35 years), whereas group 2 consisted of 30 patients in the postpubertal period (6 boys and 24 girls; mean age 13.73 +/- 1.51 years). FD analysis was performed on the patients before and after Twin-block panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. Cephalometric analysis was also conducted. Paired and Student t tests were used to compare the parametric data, and Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to compare the nonparametric data. Results: SNB, Pg-N, N-Me, ANS-Me, IMPA, L1/NB, Co-Gn, Go-Gn, S -Go, Co-Go, and Go-Me significantly increased in both groups after treatment. FD values of tuber, condyle, and molar regions significantly decreased in group 1, whereas no significant differences were observed in group 2 after treatment. Conclusions: In the pubertal period, the Twin-block appliance resulted in skeletal correction by causing bone remodeling and reshaping in both jaws along with the dentoalveolar correction. In the postpubertal period, Twin-block had no significant effect on the bone trabecular arrangement in the investigated areas but produced cephalometric improvement to a certain extent with lower skeletal and higher dental impact.Öğe Effects of modified step Le Fort I advancement surgery on nostril area and inferior nasal structures volume in class III patients: A retrospective clinical study(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Akbulut, Nihat; Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, Seval; Şen, Esengül; Altan, Ahmet; Kaymaz, GizemnurObjectiveThe effect of the modified step Le Fort I osteotomy on the inferior nasal structures and the nostril area was evaluated.Materials and methodsThis study included 24 patients who had modified step Le Fort I osteotomy. Inferior nasal concha volume (INCV), meatus nasi inferior volume (MNIV), the sum of both structures volume (TV), and nostril area (NA) were evaluated in pre- (T0) and postoperative (T1) periods.ResultsFor all patients, NA increased both on the right side (p = 0.011) and left side (p = 0.050) after surgery. The INCV and TV values were lower in T1 than those in T0; however, a statistically significant decrease of INCV and TV was found only in the right side of males (p = 0.039 and p = 0.050, respectively). No significant difference was found in MNIV between T0 and T1 measurements (p > 0.05).ConclusionMaxillary advancement with the modified step Le Fort I osteotomy technique increased the NA, which may have a positive effect on breathing function. On the other hand, although TV tended to decrease, MNIV did not change after surgery as the same decreasing tendency also existed in INCV.Öğe Evaluation ' of mandibular alveolar bone in patients with different vertical facial patterns A cross-sectional CBCT study(Urban & Vogel, 2022) Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, SevalPurpose The study aimed to investigate the morphological and structural differences of mandibular alveolar bone between different vertical facial patterns (VFP). Methods In all, 66 CBCT scans of patients were selected for the study: 24 were designated as hyperdivergent, 25 as normodivergent, and 17 as hypodivergent. Fractal values of the interdental alveolus were measured at the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar regions. The minimum trabecular bone width (MTBW) of the alveolus, the buccal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses, and the total alveolar width (AW) at the minimum trabecular bone level were measured. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare the groups. The correlations between FMA (Frankfurt mandibular plane angle) and other measurements were analyzed by Pearson analysis. Results No significant differences were detected in fractal values and buccal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses between the groups. The MTBW and AW of the hypodivergent individuals were found to be higher in the anterior and premolar interdental sites. FMA was found to be significantly correlated with MTBW and AW. Conclusions The patients with different VFPs did not exhibit significant differences in the trabecular complexity of the mandibular alveolus. Hypodivergent patients tend to have thicker trabecular and alveolar bone widths than normodivergent and hyperdivergent individuals.Öğe Prediction of rapid palatal expansion success via fractal analysis in hand-wrist radiographs(Mosby-Elsevier, 2020) Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, Seval; Korkmaz, Yasemin NurIntroduction: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fractal analysis of hand-wrist radiography in the decision of conventional or surgery-assisted rapid palatal expansion (RPE). Methods: The study included 48 patients who underwent the RPE procedure. Study groups were as follows: group 1 (successful conventional RPE [n = 24, 5 male and 19 female patients; mean age 6 standard deviation, 15.85 +/- 0.97 years]) and group 2 (failed conventional RPE [n = 24, 5 male and 19 female patients; mean age 6 standard deviation, 15.96 +/- 1.08 years]). Fractal dimension (FD) analysis was conducted on hand-wrist radiographs of the patients for 4 different regions: the epiphysis-diaphysis line of the radius bone and the proximal, medial (MP3), and distal (DP3) phalanxes of the middle finger. A Student t test was performed to compare fractal values between the groups. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was applied to determine the optimal cutoff value of FDs. In addition, a Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the relationship between the fractal values and either age or hand-wrist stage in a second sample group (n 5 90; age range, 8.7-18.7 years). Results: Fractal values of the radius, MP3, and DP3 were significantly increased in the failed conventional RPE group (P<0.05). The optimal cutoff value of the FD for predicting the success of conventional RPE was 1.16 in the radius, 1.18 in proximal phalanxes, 1.29 in MP3, and 1.08 in DP3. There was a positive correlation between fractal values of the radius and age or hand-wrist stages (P<0.05). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, results revealed that fractal analysis of hand-wrist radiographs might be considered a significant tool in the prediction of RPE success.
