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Öğe Comparison of the fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels in adolescents at three schools located three different distances from a large steel mill(Hindawi Ltd, 2017) Acat, Murat; Aydemir, Yusuf; Yazıcı, Onur; Turğut, Mahmut; Çörtük, Mustafa; Yaşar, ZehraObjectives. Exposure to ambient metals and air pollutants in urban environments has been associated with impaired lung health and inflammation in the lungs. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a reliablemarker of airway inflammation. In this study, we aimed to compare the FeNO levels of three schools that have different distances from iron and steel industry zone for assessing the effects of heavy metals and air pollution on their respiratory health. Methods. Pulmonary function test and FeNO measurements were evaluated in 387 adolescents in three schools which have different distance from plant. Results. FeNO levels were significantly higher in School I (n = 142; 18.89 +/- 12.3ppb) and School II (n = 131; 17.68 +/- 7.7 ppb) than School III (n = 114; 4.28 +/- 3.9 ppb). Increased FeNO concentration was related to the distance of iron and steel industry zone in young adults. Conclusion. The FeNO concentrations in school children were inversely proportional to the distance from the steel mill. There are needed some studies that can evaluate the safe distance and legislation must consider these findings.Öğe Diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cyst by bronchoscopy(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Yaşar, Zehra; Acat, Murat; Turgut, Erhan; Onaran, Hilal; Dinçer, Hüseyin ErhanHydatid cyst is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Lungs are the second most common site of involvement after liver. The diagnosis of complicated pulmonary hydatid cysts may not be easy because hydatid cyst disease mimics tuberculosis, lung cancer, empyema, or abscess. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy can be a valuable tool in the diagnosis of the infestation by visualization of hydatid cyst membrane. Here, we report the case of a 33-year-old woman who presented with hemoptysis and chest discomfort and was diagnosed with a hydatid cyst by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.Öğe False-positive 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) scans mimicking malignancies(Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, 2015) Yaşar, Zehra; Acat, Murat; Onaran, Halil; Özgül, Akif; Korkmaz, Nurdan A.Aim 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) is an imaging modality that is often used to help differentiate benign from malignant pulmonary lesions and it has been shown to be more efficacious than conventional chest computed tomography (CT). However, some benign lesions may also show increased metabolic activity which can lead to false-positive PET findings. We aim to illustrate false positive findings of PET scan that simulate lung cancer in a variety of diseases. Methods Patients referred to Yedikule Chest Diseases and Surgery Teaching and Research Hospital with increased FDG uptake for which histological results were available over a 2-year period (2013-2014) were reviewed. Seven patients with false-positive PET/CT findings were reported in this study. Results The majority of lesions showing increased metabolic activity were due to malignant diseases. However, increased 18 F-FDG uptake was also seen in benign lesions such as active pulmonary inflammation or infection, granulomatous processes and fibrotic lesions. Conclusion The integration of clinical history, morphologic findings of lesions on the CT component, and metabolic activities of PET/CT scan can help reduce false interpretations. Interventional procedures may be needed for tissue confirmation for differential diagnosis. © 2015 Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton. All rights reserved.Öğe Primary pulmonary lymphoma: four different and unusual radiologic and clinical manifestations(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Tanrıverdi, Elif; Acat, Murat; Özgül, Güler; Abbaslı, Kenan; Gül, Şule; Yaşar, ZehraPrimary pulmonary non-Hodgkin lymphoma is rare and constitutes up to 0.4% of all lymphomas.[1] Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type (MALT) lymphoma and diffuse B-cell lymphoma are the most common types of primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL).[2] PPL is defined as a clonal lymphoid proliferation affecting one or both lungs in a patient with no detectable extra-pulmonary involvement at diagnosis or during the subsequent 3 months.[3] Primary diffuse B-cell lymphoma constitutes as much as 10% of all PPLs.[4] Patients may be asymptomatic or have nonspecific respiratory symptoms, such as systemic constitutional symptoms and dyspnea.[1]Öğe A rare case of tracheal lymphoma presenting with severe tracheal stenosis(Mattioli 1885 S.p.A., 2015) Özgül, Akif; Yaşar, Zehra Asuk; Şahin, Ünal; Acat, Murat; Tecimer, TülayPrimary malignant lymphoma of the trachea is rare and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Primary tracheal tumors are also very rare causes of airway obstructions. This case report features a 60 year-old woman who presented with the complaint of dyspnea. A mass narrowing the tracheal lumen posteriorly in the subglottic area and mediastinal lymphadenopathy was detected by computed tomography scan and a rijit bronchoscopy was performed. This showed polypoid, variable-sized, irregular nodules causing narrowing of the tracheal lumen over a 3 cm segment in the middle part of the trachea and a mass protruding into the tracheal lumen from the posterior part of the proximal trachea. Multiple biopsy was carried out from the nodules and the airway obstruction was treated with Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC). After removal of the debris, tracheal lumen patency was obtained. The histopathology examination revealed a small lymphocytic primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the trachea. To our knowledge, this is the first case of small lymphocytic primary tracheal lymphoma in the literature. © Mattioli 1885.Öğe A rare cause of hemoptysis in childhood: Tracheal capillary hemangioma(2017) Özgül, Mehmet Akif; Tanrıverdi, Elif; Gül, Şule; Asuk, Zehra Yaşar; Acat, MuratHemangiomas are benign tumors most frequently seen in childhood and are mostly associated with cutaneous and mucosal surfaces. Tracheal capillary hemangiomas are extremely rare. The most common presenting symptom is hemoptysis, ranging from minor to major and chronic cough. We present the case of a 12-year-old boy with recurrent hemoptysis due to tracheal capillary hemangioma, who was treated with interventional bronchoscopy.Öğe Retrospective review of epidemic viral pneumonia cases in Turkey: a multicenter study(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2017) Çörtük, Mustafa; Acat, Murat; Yazıcı, Onur; Yaşar, Zehra; Kiraz, KemalInfluenza A (H1N1) caused its first pandemic in 2009 in USA and Mexico. Since then, clinicians have exercised great care in order to make an early diagnosis of viral pneumonias. This is due in part to pandemic influenza A infection having greater impact on populations <65 years old than other viral strains, including seasonal influenza. Chest radiographies of those affected displayed a rapid progression of patchy infiltrates, and a large proportion of individuals required admission to intensive care units (ICU). Despite efforts, patients infected with the virus had a high mortality rate. The present multicenter study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the clinical, demographic and prognostic characteristics of patients diagnosed with epidemic viral pneumonia in Turkey. A total of 92 patients were included in the study. The Student's t-test and Chi-square tests were performed to analyze quantitative data, assuming a normal distribution, and to analyze qualitative data, respectively. Stepwise logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of demographic variables and laboratory values on the virus mortality rate. The male/female ratio was 42/50 and the mean age was 48.74 +/- 16.65 years. A total of 69 (75%) patients were unvaccinated against influenza. The most common symptoms were cough (87%) and fever (63%). Chest computed tomography showed peripheral patchy areas of the lungs of ground glass density in 38 patients (41.3%). A total of 22 (59.4%) patients had H1N1, 5 (12.5%) patients had influenza B, and 38 (41.3%) patients met the criteria for admission to the ICU. Of these patients, 20 (52.63%) were monitored with a mechanical ventilator, with a noninvasive ventilator being adequate for 10 (26.32%) of patients. The length of stay in the ICU was 6.45 +/- 5.97 days and the duration of mechanical ventilation was 5.06 +/- 4.69 days. A total of 12 (13.04%) patients in the ICU succumbed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that among the parameters possibly associated with mortality, being an active smoker increased the risk of mortality 7.08-fold compared to other groups (P=0.005). In conclusion, viral pneumonia remains a significant health problem during the winter period. Considering the high number of ICU admissions and high rate of mortality for patients in the present study, earlier initiation of antiviral therapy is necessary. Active smoking increased mortality in viral pneumonia.Öğe Smoking prevalence, associated attitudes and comparison of negative automatic thoughts among high school students in Turkey(European Respiratory Soc Journals Ltd, 2015) Acat, Murat; Memiş, Çağdaş Öykü; Turan, Muhammet Kamil; Benli, Ali Ramazan; Taşkın, Emre; Yaşar, ZehraÖğe Treatment of persistent air leak with endobronchial valves: a case report(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2015) Çetinkaya, Erdoğan; Yaşar, Zehra; Acat, MuratPersistent air leaks are frequent after pulmonary resection, but can occur as a complication of lung diseases especially chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) (1). It may affect up to 20% of COPD patients (2). Current treatment options of prolonged air leaks involve prolonged tube thoracostomy drainage, pleurodesis, surgical decortication or surgical repair. In patients who are not candidates for surgical treatment, alternative methods can be used such as endobronchial approaches and radiotherapy (3,4). In this case, an endobronchial valve was inserted by flexible bronchoscopy for persistent air leakage, resulting in a complete resolution and lung reexpansion in patient with COPD.
